高考英语语法知识强化篇(五)

 

【 动词的时态及语态】

 

要点归纳

1．动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表现方式的一种动            词形式。从时间上看，英语动词的时态有现在、过去、将来和过去将来之分；从方式上看，英语动词的时态又有一般、进行、完成和完成进行之别。动词所表示的动作或状态可发生或存在于四种不同的时间，表现为四种不同的方式，每一种“时间+方式”就构成一种时态。(请见表)

 

时间方式	现    在	过       去	将     来	过去将来
一般	一般现在     *	一般过去     *	一般将来     *	一般过去将来    *
进行	现在进行     *	过去进行     *	将来进行	过去将来进行
完成	现在完成     *	过去完成     *	将来完成	过去将来完成
完成进行	现在完成进行	过去完成进行	将来完成进行	过去将来完成进行

         

注：表中标有*的八种时态为常见时态。

 

英语动词的十六种时态的形式（以 work 为例）

时间 方式	现在	过去	将来	过去将来
一般	work works	worked	shall work will work	should work would work
进行	am/are/is + working	was/were +working	shall/will + be doing	should/would + be doing
完成	have/has + worked	had worked	shall/will + have worked	should/would + have worked
完成进行	have/has + been working	had been working	shall/will +have been working	should/would have been working

    

2．动词的被动语态

       被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成。它可以用于各种时态.

 

典题剖析 

1．-When ________ again?

---When he ________, I will let you know.

A. he comes, comes                      B. will he come, will come

C. he comes, will come                        D. will he come, comes

[误点] A, C没有看到again在句中语境的作用.

[解析] 根据again一词来判断语境,应得知是将来失态,因此排除A与C.答语种主语的时态是根据将来时态来判断的,时间状语从句应用一般现在时态表示将来的动作,这也叫”主将从现”. 答案应选: D.

[捷径] 当主句是将来时态是,它的条件状语从句或时间状语从句应用一般现在时态来代替将来时态.

2．We ________ each other better and better.

A. know    B. have known    C. is knowing    D. knew

[误点] C受到中文式语言的影响.

[解析] 1)英语中一些表示感情,心理状态,感觉等的动词,一般不用进行时态.类似的还有:love, hate, like, dislike, desire, hear, doubt, imagine, prefer, want, believe, see, guess, know, please, need, respect, mind, agree, mean, care;

2)表示感官动词的词有:see, hear, sound, watch, taste, smell, notice, feel, discover, notice等;

3)表示存在状态的动词有:appear, exist, lie, remain, stand, seem, belong to, depend on, look等. 此题答案应为: A.

[捷径]  做好这类题主要是靠大家在平时学习英语动词时对动词本身的悟性

       与理解.

 

▲       备战高考    

   I．选择填空

1. —Can I join your club, Dad? —You can when you_______ a bit older.

A. get                   B. will get            C. are getting                      D. will have got

2. —Can I help you, Sir?   —Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _____.

A. didn’t work      B. won’t work              C. can’t work                      D. doesn’t work

3. —Is this raincoat yours?  —No, mine _______ there behind the door.

A. hangs              B. has hung           C. is hanging                D. hung

4. —Who is Jerry Goober?

   —_______? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting,

A. Don’t you meet him yet                 B. Hadn’t you met him yet

C. Didn’t you meet him yet                D. Haven’t you met him yet

5. In some part of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar.

A. is serving         B. is served           C. serves                     D. served

6. I don’t really work here, I _______ until the new secretary arrive.

A. just help out                                 B. have just helped out

C. am just helping out                        D. will just help out

7. I don’t think Jim saw me; he _______ into space.

A. just stared         B. was just staring         C. has just stared          D. had just stared

8. As she ________ the newspaper, Granny ________ asleep.

A. read; was falling                                   B. was reading; fell      

C. read; fell                                      D. was reading; was falling

9. I need one more stamp before my collection ________.

A. has completed   B. completes                C. completed                D. is completed

10. —Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? —I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor.

A. had                  B. would                     C. was going to            D. did

11. Tom _______ into the house when no one _______.

A. slipped; was looking                              B. has slipped; looked

C. slipped; had looked                               D. was slipping; looked

12. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _______ office soon.

A. leaves                     B. would leave              C. left                         D. had left

13. —_______ the sports meet might be put off. — Yes, it all depends on the weather.

A. I’ve been told   B. I’ve told                   C. I’m told                  D. I told

14. I first met Lisa three years ago. She ______ at a radio shop at that time.

A. has worked       B. was working             C. had been working      D. had worked

15. —Your phone number again? I ________ quite catch it. —It’s 9568442.

A. didn’t                     B. couldn’t                  C. don’t                       D. can’t

16. —______ my glasses ?    —Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.

A. Do you see              B. Had you seen          

C. Would you see         D. Have you seen

17. You don’t need to describe her. I ______ her several times.

A. had met            B. have met                 C. met                         D. meet

18. —Have you moved into the new house?   —No, this is the first time I ____ here.

A. are being painted                    B. are painting             

C. are painted                             D. are being painting

19. —Do you know our town at all?   —No, this is the first time I _____ here.

A. was                  B. am going                  C. came                 D. have been

20. When Jack arrived he learned Mary _______ for about an hour.

A. had gone          B. had set off                     C. had left            D. had been away

21. —I’m sorry to keep you waiting. —Oh, not at all. I ______ here only a few minutes.

A. have been         B. had been                  C. was                  D. will be

22. The pen I ______ I_______ is on my desk right under my nose.

A. think; lost         B. thought; had lost      C. think; had left    D. thought; have lost

23. Helen ______her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.

A. had left; comes                                    B. left; had come          

C. had left; came                                D. had left; would come

24. —How long ______ each other before they ______ married?  —For about a year.

A. have they known; get                     B. did they know; were going to get

C. do they know; are going to get               D. had they known; got

25. If the city noises ____ form increasing, people _____ shout to be heard even at the dinner

table 20 years from now.

A. are not kept; will have to                      B. are not kept; have to

C. do not keep; will have to                D. do not keep; have to

26. The sun _____ in the east and ______ in the west.

A. rose; set           B. set; rose            C. rises; sets                  D. sets; rises

27. Most people know when they _______.

A. have born         B. were born         C. have been born         D. will be born

28. Rome ______ in a day.

A. will not be built B. would not be built     C. is not built               D. was not built

29. Fetch a doctor! The patient _______.

A. was dead          B. has dead           C. died                        D. is dying

30. Oh, great! The meat ______ so delicious.

A. is tasting           B. is being tasted    C. tasted                       D. tastes

31. What are you doing, Jane? I _______ the soup.

A. taste                 B. tasted                      C. tasting                      D. am tasting

32. If he is busy, they ________.

A. will leave         B. will be leaving C. will have left           D. have left

33. Whenever I went shopping with my sister, I was eager to buy everything I ______.

A. have seen         B. was seeing        C. see                          D. saw

34. It was reported that the murderer _______ arrested.

A. has been           B. had been           C. has                          D. had

35. You may borrow this book as long as you ______ it clean.

A. keep                B. will keep          C. have kept                 D. kept

36. By August the flowers ______.

A. die                   B. will die            C. are to die                 D. will have died

37. We _____ our car two years and _______ it six thousand miles since then.

A. bought; drove                               B. had bought; have driven

C. bought; have driven                       D. bought; had driven

38. Five minutes later, the waiter ________ with the dish.

A. had come         B. came                C. has come                 D. come

39. I ______ home than it started to rain.

A. had no sooner got     B. would no sooner get        C. got no sooner    D. no sooner got

40. Do you think that the bridge ______ in a year?

A. would be completed                       B. will be completed

C. had been completed                        D. is being completed

41. It ______ Tom and Rose who saved me the other day.

A. has been           B. are                   C. was                         D. were

42. All except you _______ here just now.

A. were                B. was           C. are                          D. is

43. Since it _______, we have to stop now.

A. started to rain   B. was raining C. was going to rain      D. has started to rain

44. The dream he _______ for so many years came true in the end.

A. has had            B. had have    C. had had                   D. had has

45. The clock has stopped. At what time _______ ?

A. did it stop         B. has it         C. does it stop               D. had it stopped

46. It was said that they _______ for twenty—five years.

A. had got married B. had married C. married                  D. had been married

47. They_______ for sixteen hours and still have a long way to go.

A. had walked        B. have been walking     C. walked      D. had been walking

48. She has been living in this building since she _______ to work in Shanghai.

A. is sent                      B. was sent            C. sent           D. has been sent

49. Bill broke the vase that I ______ for thirty years.

A. had bought               B. had kept            C. had taken   D. had have

50. They left for Greece _______.

A. for three days                                      B. since three days

C. three days before                                   D. three days ago

51. You are late. They _______ for ten minutes.

A. have gone        B. have left           C. have been away         D. had been away

52. The boy ______ out to play until he had finished his homework.

A. went                       B. would go          C. doesn’t go               D. didn’t go

53. In another month she _______ here for three years.

A. has been studying                          B. has studied              

C. will have been studying                  D. will study

54. I have to finish my homework before my mother ______ back.

A. comes                     B. will come          C. shall come         D. has come

55. Don’t get off the bus until it _______.

A. has stopped              B. stopped             C. will stop            D. shall stop

56. The things talked about in this report _______ over ago.

A. had taken place                                     B. took place        

C. have taken place                                    D. were taken place

57. It won’t long before such a thing ______ again.

A. will happen                     B. happens             C. is happen           D. happened

58. Sound travels in the same way as light ________

A. did smiled                      B. has done           C. was doing         D. does

59. When I see Jane, she _______.

A. smiled                     B. has smiled               C. was smiling      D. will be arriving

60. Would you please give him this message the moment he ________?

A. arrives                    B. arrived                     C. will arrive         D. will be arrive

61. The moment I________ her, I knew something _______ wrong.

A. have seen; gone        B. had seen; had    C. saw; was           D. see; had gone

62. Unless he ________ to help us, we shall lose the game.

A. promise                   B. will promise     C. would promise D. had promise

63. However hard you _______, you will never succeed in pleasing her.

A. should try                B. will try             C. would try         D. try

64. As soon as I _______ hole, I’ll have a bath.

A. have got                  B. will get             C. get                   D. had left

65. It is five years since my dear aunt ________ here.

A. left                         B. has left             C. is left                      D. had left

66. It _______nearly two weeks _________ I had received his letter.

A. is; that                    B. was; that           C. is; since            D. was; since

67. Great changes _______ in China since the People’s Republic of China _______ in 1949.

A. have taken place; was founded                      B. has taken place; was founded

C. have been taken place; founded               D. took place; founded

68. Water ________ at 100 degrees centigrade.

A. boiled                      B. boils                 C. has boiled          D. was boiling

69. If it _________ rain tomorrow, we’ll hold the sports meet.

A. won’t                      B. doesn’t             C. will                  D. wouldn’t

70. There was complete silence when he ______ the radio.

A. has turned off          B. turned off         C. had turned off    D. turns off

71.—Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?   —She has _______ by her classmates.

A. laughed                   B. laughed at         C. been laughed     D. been laughed at

72. Doctors _______ in every part of the world.

A. need                       B. are needing        C. are needed         D. will need

73. That dinner was the most expensive meal we ______.

A. would have             B. have had           C. had never had   D. had ever had

74. I promise        that matter will _______.

A. be taken care                                       B. be taken care of

C. take care                                              D. take care of

75. He ______ his leg when he ________ in football match against another school.

A. broken; played                                      B. was breaking; was playing

C. broke; was playing                                D. was breaking; played

76. No permission has ________ for anybody to enter the building.

A. been given                      B. given                C. to give             D. be given

77. —Where _______ the recorder? I can’t see it anywhere.

—     I ______ it right here. But now it’s gone.

A. did you put; have put                                   B. have you put; put

C. had you put; was putting                        D. were you putting; have put

78. That suit _______ over 60 dollars.

A. had costed                      B. costed               C. is costed            D. cost

79. Hello! I _____ you _______ in London. Now long have you been here ?

A. don’t know; are                                          B. hadn’t known; were

C. haven’t known; are                               D. didn’t know; were

80. It was at least ten years since I ______ a good drink.

A. had enjoyed             B. was enjoying     C. enjoyed             D. had been enjoying

81. I _______ ten minutes to decided whether I should reject the offer.

A. gave                       B. was given          C. was giving         D. had given

82. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ______ when he _____ at the party.

A. left; had arrived                                    B. left; arrived             

C. had left; had arrived                              D. had left; arrived

83. He ______ up early since his childhood.

A. used to get                                                  B. is used to get

C. has been asked to get                                   D. has been used to getting

84. Can such a thing _____ happening again?

A. prevent from            B. prevented from  C. be prevented from     D. to prevent from

85. Some day you ______ your foolish behavior.

A. answer for               B. are answered for       C. will answer to               D. will be answered for

86. While he _______ a letter, the telephone ______.

A. is writing; is ringing                              B. was writing; rang

C. has written; has rang                              D. wrote; rang

87. A new house ________ at the corner of the road.

A. is building                B. is being built     C. been built          D. be building

88. By the end of next term, we _______ about three thousand English words.

A. will learn                B, have learned      C. had learned       D. will have learned

89. By the time the speaker entered the hall, all the listeners _________

A. were seated              B. were seating      C. had seated         D. seated

90. The telephone had been ringing for five minutes before it _________

A. answered                 B. has answered     C. was answering   D. was answered

91. Tomorrow ________ Sunday.

A. is                            B. is to be             C. can be              D. has to be

92. This bike ________ last year.

A. bought                     B. has been bought C. was bought        D. had been bought

93. I’m glad to see that you ______ a lot of progress since I ______ you last.

A. will make; have met                              B. have been making; met

C. had made; met                                     D. have made; meeting

94. He _______ his lessons from seven to nine last night.

A. did                         B. had done          C. was doing          D. had been doing

95. She ______ her pen in her room now.

A. finds                       B. is finding          C. looks for          D. is looking for

96. Jackson _______ to work in the government office though he hated serving there.

A. wanted                    B. was wanted       C. was wanting      D. had wanted

97. She _______ when I go to see her.

A. is always working                                 B. always worked

C. has always worked                                D. was always working

98. The meat must be bad, It ______ a terrible smell.

A. gives off                 B. gave off           C. is giving off   D. will give off

99. He _______ Shanghai and will stay there for a year.

A. has been to                     B. has come for     C. has left for               D. has left

100. Did you see the house that _______ by fire last year?

A. was destroying          B. destroyed          C. would destroy    D. was destroyed

101. How ______ you _______ on with your work recently?

A. do; get                    B. have; got          C. were; getting     D. are; getting

102. In the past 10 years, there _______ great changes in our family life.

A. has been                  B. are                  C. have been         D. were

103. I have waited for her since ________.

A. two hours ago           B. two hour ago     C. two hours          D. two hour

104. The scientist ______ Australia and he will give us a talk when he _____ back.

A. has been to; comes                                B. has gone to; will come

C. has been to; will come                           D. has gone to; comes

105. The book was received so eagerly that it _______ on the first day.

A. sold up                    B. was sold up       C. was sold out      D. sold out

106. You’d better set about doing your homework now, or it ______ too late.

A. is                            B. was                  C. has been            D. will be

107. You______ taller than I expected.

A. are growing              B. have grown              C. grew                 D. grow

108. Don’t get that ink on your shirt, for it _______.

A. won’t wash out                                     B. won’t be washed out

C. isn’t washing out                                   D. doesn’t wash away

109. There ______ an English evening next Saturday.

A. will have                 B. is to have          C. is going to do    D. is going to be

110. Nothing could be done to save the patient who ______ fast.

A. died                        B. was dead           C. was dying          D. die

111. Who do you think ______ him angry?

A. make                      B. make                C. to make             D. making

112. He ______ to Beijing ten times in 1986.

A. had been                 B. went                 C. was going          D. has gone

113. They_______ last week after they ______ for several years.

A. married; had engaged                                          B. got married; had been engaged

C. married with each other; had been engaged     D. were married; had engaged

114. Upon arriving home the girl discovered that she ______ her bag at her friend’s.

A. left                          B. had left             C. forgot               D. had forgotten

115.Above it ______ a famous painting.

A. hanged                     B. hung                 C. is hung              D. hanging

116. The police found that the house ________ and a lot of things _________

A. has broken into; has been stolen             B. had broken into; had been stolen

C. has been broken into; stolen                   D. had been broken into; stolen

117. When I was at college I _______ there foreign languages; but I ______ all except a few

 words of each.

A. spoken; had forgotten                                   B. spoke; had forgotten

C. had spoken; had forgotten                      D. had spoken; have forgotten

118. The students ______ busily when        Miss Brown went to get a book she ______ in the

office.

A. had written; left                                    B. were written; left

C. had written; had left                              D. were writing; had left

119. When I was a little boy, my father told me the earth _______ round.

A. had been                 B. was                  C. has been                  D. is

120. You and I ______ to clean the window.

A. am                          B. are                    C. is going                    D. is

121.—There is too much rain these days, isn’t there ?  —Yes, it ______ for a week.

A. had been raining              B. has been raining C. was raining               D. rained

122. It _______ whether she will get her work in the hospital.

A. hasn’t been decided   B. isn’t deciding     C. doesn’t decide           D. hasn’t decided

123.—Where is Li Ming?    —He _________ to school.

A. has been                   B. has gone            C. will go                    D. went

124. The pen _______ me. It is hers.

A. isn’t belong to                                     B. wasn’t belong to

C. doesn’t belong to                                  D. didn’t belong to

125. I should very much like to have gone to the party, but ________.

A. I’m not invited                                     B. will not be invited

C. I had not been invited                                   D. they haven’t invited me

126. ________ you _______ to the 6:30 news?

A. Have; listened                                       B. Did; listen              

C. Had; listened                                        D. Would; listening

127. By the end of this century, we ______ our country into a strong modern one.

A. shall build                B. are going to build      C. will be listened  D. will have built

128. She_______ in this school ______ the past ten years.

A. was teaching; since                                B. had been teaching; since

C. would teach; for                                          D. was been teaching; for

129. It seems that the old man _______ something important.

A. has lost                    B. had lost             C. lost                   D. would lose

130. I can’t use my bike because it _______.

A. is repairing               B. is being repaired       C. will repair         D. was repairing

131. She said she _______ with her aunt before her mother came.

A. had seen staying        B, was staying        C, has stayed          D. has been staying

132. —The meeting _______.    —How long ________?

A. started; had it stared                              B. has started; has it started

C. has started; has it been on                             D. had started; had it been on

133. —Tom has gone to Beijing.   —When ____ he ______ here ?

A. has; left                   B. did; leave          C. had; left           D. does; leave

134. More than one teacher ______ told him it is important that he learns English well if he ______ aboard.

    A. had; will go                                         B. has; want to go

       C. has; wants to go                                    D. have; shall go

135. —You’ve agreed to, so why aren’t you getting ready?

A. don’t realize; want                                B. haven’t realized; want

C. won’t realize; will tell                           D. didn’t realize; wanted

136. —Kate returned home yesterday.  —Really? Where ______?

A. has she been            B. had she gone      C. has she gone      D. had she been

137. —What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening?

A. have; am going         B. have; was going C. had; was going   D. had; am going

138. The necklace _______ unnoticed for several days before she found it .

A. is lying                    B. has been laid      C. had lain             D. had laid

139. The chairman told the speaker that she ______ to speak a little louder so as to make

herself ________.

A. was expected; heard                              B. had expected; hear

C. had hoped; hear                                    D. was hoped; heard

140. It _______ a long time before I see you again.

A. will be                    B. is being             C. has been           D. is

141. I wonder if he ______ us, but I think we will be able to finish the work ahead of time if

he ______ us.

A. helps; help               B. will help; help   C. helps; will help  D. will help; helps

142. —Do you live in this town?    —No, we _______.

A. will visit                  B. have visited              C. just visit            D. are only visiting

143. Ann didn’t see me wave to her. She _____ in the other direction.

A. looked                            B. was looking       C. has looked         D. is looking

144. The man sitting next to me on the plane was nervous because he _______ before.

A. hasn’t flown            B. didn’t fly          C. hadn’t flown      D. wasn’t flying

145. We had to be patient. It _____ some time _______ we got the full results.

A. was; since                B. was; before        C. would be; since  D. would be; before

146. —Are you a basketball player? —_______.

A. Yes, I’m                 B. Yes, I was               C. Oh, I used to be       D. Oh, I would be

147. I sent Jim for the doctor but he _______ worse now.

A. has taken                  B. took                 C. takes                D. was taking

148. —Have you decided what you _______ next Sunday?

    —No, not really. But I _______of calling on my uncle.

      A. will do; am thinking                              B. are doing; think

       C. do; have thought                                          D. do; thought

149. Jack, I _______ go now, the Smiths ________ for me.

A. must; will wait                                     B. must; will be waiting

C. have to; must wait                                 D. have to; should be waiting

150. —Talking of football, _______the Italian team play?   —Yes, quite often.

A. have you seen          B. had you seen     C. would you see   D. will you see

II．用动词的适当形式填空:

151. Don’t take it for granted that he ________(take) your side.

152. One third of the area ________ (cover) with green trees.

153. The number of the teachers in our college ________ (increase) this term.

154. My young brother ________ (join) the Youth League in 1988.

155. I ______ (know) him since he ________ (enter) the army.

156. We _______ (learn) 2800 new words by the end of this term.

157. I ________(write) to him some time ago, but I _______ (not receive) a reply yet.

158. When we came in, he _______(sleep).

159. Twelve divided by three _________(equal) four.

160. Once you ______(get) used to the weather here, you will probably like this place.

161. The boss ________(tell) the workers that John ________(work) very hard and that he

______ (want) him to stay.

162. I ________(never read) such an interesting book before.

163. Father ________(promise) that he ________(take) me to the seaside this summer.

164. By the time he was 14, he ______ (teach) himself maths.

165. While this tough meat is being cooked, more water should________ (add) to it .

166. By the end of tomorrow afternoon, he _______(finish) his writing.

167. Our new teacher _______(come) tomorrow.

168. Mary and John ________(talk) when the teacher came in.

169. He _______ (just go). He said he _______ (do) some shopping in the department store.

170. You look very busy. I suppose you ________(work) hard for your examination.

171. We are proud of the modern machine that ________(use) here now.

172. The tea leaves ________(weigh) just now. They ________(weigh) 500 kilogrammes.

173. The knife ________(cut) very well.

174. Some typists _______(need) next year for several departments.

175. The American Civil War ________(last) four years.

176. Color televisions ________(invent) when he was born.

177. I left at once when the clock _________(strike) twelve.

178. They ________ (marry) for twenty-five years.

179. It ______ (is) thirty years since he _______(leave) his hometown.

180. When I first _______(meet) him, he ______(speak) very little English, however, in  

    the last few months he _______(make) great progress.

 

参考答案:

1-10 ADCDB  CBBDC                   11—20 ABABA   DBADD

21—30 ABCDA   CBDDD             31—40 DCDBA   DCBAB

41—50 CADCA   DBBBD              51—60 CDCAA   BBCDA

61—70 CADCA   DABBB             71—80 DCDBC   ABDDA

81—90 BDDCC   BBDAD             91—100 ACBCD  BACCD

101—110       DCADC  DBADC          111—120 ABBBC  DBDDB

121—130 BABCD  BDDAB            131—140 ACBCD  DCCAA

141—150 DDBCD  CAABA

151. will take             152. is covered            153. has increased   154. joined 

155. have known; entered          156. will have learned   157. wrote; haven’t received  158. was sleeping             159. equals                 160. get   161. told; had worked; wanted   162. have never read   163. promised; would take                164. had taught  

165. be added              166. will have finished                     167. is coming  

168. were talking        169. has just gone; was going to do      170. are working  

171. is being used       172. were weighed; weighed              173. cuts

174. will be needed     175. lasted           176. had been invented   177. struck  

178. have been married  179. is; left        180. met; spoke; has made