来源：《2010考研英语绝对考场最后五套题》

　　Section I Use of English

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　With the increasing pace of economic globalization and competition among various countries in the market, information, technology, professionals,capital and other types of economic resources is becoming increasingly evident. International 1 is becoming progressively 2 . Previously 3 competition among enterprises in different countries is growing gradually into competition among governments that finds expression_r in a concentrated form. Previous 4 contention for enterprises’ interests in the world market now evidences itself in the contention for 5 interests. In this new situation, to 6 national interests and to enable a country to be constantly in a favorable position in the international market, the most important thing is to have a highly 7 government that 8 the full trust of citizens.

　　The basic objective of the study of the “government administration” is to 9 the competitive edge of a government in the international market, to 10 the efficiency and quality of government administrative behaviors, and to enhance the skills and the efficiency of government policy operations. The evident 11 between government administration and enterprise management lies in the fact 12 the former is a macroactivity and represents the overall national interests. Considering this from the 13 of the theory of behavioral efficiency function, the degree of the efficiency and quality of government administrative behaviors and the standard of the skills and the efficiency of government policy operations have a direct 14 on the amount of national interests and the degree of security and happiness of its people. Thus, to 15 the level of overall national interests requires a highly efficient enterprise management and a highquality enterprise group with significant core competitiveness. More importantly, it requires highly efficient government administration and the government’s international competitiveness to have a 16 advantage. For China, a country that is still in the 17 of “shift in the mode of growth” and “transformation in the system”, the fundamental 18 to turn this objective into a 19 is to make innovations in government administration.

　　So, against the 20 backgrounds of economic globalization and the domestic economic transformation, how should we make innovations in government administration? I think many things can be done in this regard. Yet the most important thing is to effect the change of the concept, functions, forms and the institution of government administration.

　　1. [A] information[B] identification[C] competition[D] imagination

　　2. [A] fiercer[B] easier[C] crueler[D] cruder

　　3. [A] concentrated[B] scattered[C] complicated[D] concerned

　　4. [A] unique[B] universal[C] united[D] unitary

　　5. [A] national[B] international[C] internal[D] external

　　6. [A] generalize[B] maximize[C] mobilize[D] moralize

　　7. [A] sufficient[B] deficient[C] efficient[D] inefficient

　　8. [A] pants[B] curves[C] dazzles[D] enjoys

　　9. [A] array[B] contrive[C] corrode[D] enhance

　　10. [A] impress[B] prove[C] improve[D] preach

　　11. [A] difference[B] indifference[C] fluence[D] influence

　　12. [A] which[B] that[C] what[D] who

　　13. [A] cradle[B] angle[C] eagle[D] stable

　　14. [A] hearing[B] sharing[C] bearing[D] caring

　　15. [A] uplift[B] maintain[C] draw[D] reach

　　16. [A] manageable[B] liable[C] movable[D] notable

　　17. [A] phase[B] phrase[C] pulse[D] impulse

　　18. [A] impurity[B] approach[C] obstacle[D] shriek

　　19. [A] locality[B] publicity[C] reality[D] dynasty

　　20. [A] durable[B] due[C] dull[D] dual

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:

　　Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

　　Text 1

　　Virtually everything astronomers know about objects outside the solar system is based on the detection of photonsquanta of electromagnetic radiation. Yet there is another form of radiation that permeates the universe neutrinos. With (as its name implies) no electric charge, and negligible mass, the neutrino interacts with other particles so rarely that a neutrino can cross the entire universe even traversing substantial aggregations of matter without being absorbed or even deflected. Neutrinos can thus escape from regions of space where light and other kinds of electromagnetic radiation are blocked by matter. Furthermore, neutrinos carry with them information about the site and circumstances of their production: therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new information about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena and about the history of the universe.

　　But how can scientists detect a particle that interacts so infrequently with other matter? Twentyfive years passed between Pauli’s hypothesis that the neutrino existed and its actual detection: since then virtually all research with neutrinos has been created artificially in large particle accelerators and studied under neutrino microscopes. But a neutrino telescope, capable of detecting cosmic neutrinos, is difficult to construct. No apparatus can detect neutrinos unless it is extremely massive, because great mass is synonymous with huge numbers of nucleons (neutrons and protons), and the more massive the detector, the greater the probability of one of its nucleon’s reacting with a neutrino. In addition, the apparatus must be sufficiently shielded from the interfering effects of other particles.

　　Fortunately, a group of astrophysicists has proposed a means of detecting cosmic neutrinos by harnessing the mass of the ocean. Named DUMAND, for Deep Underwater Muon and Neutrino Detector, the project calls for placing an array of light sensors at a depth of five kilometers under the ocean surface. The detecting medium is the seawater itself, when a neutrino interacts with a particle in an atom of seawater, the result is a cascade of electrically charged particles and a flash of light that can be detected by the sensors. The five kilometers of seawater above the sensors will shield them from the interfering effects of other highenergy particles raining down through the atmosphere.

　　The strongest motivation for the DUMAND project is that it will exploit an important source of information about the universe. The extension of astronomy from visible light to radio waves to Xrays and gamma rays never failed to lead to the discovery of unusual objects such as radio galaxies quasars and pulsars. Each of these discoveries came as a surprise. Neutrino astronomy will doubtless bring its own share of surprises.

　　21. What is the best title of the passage?

　　[A] At the Threshold of Neutrino Astronomy

　　[B] Neutrinos and the History of the Universe

　　[C] The Creation and Study of Neutrinos

　　[D] The DUMAND System and How It Works

　　22.Which of the following statements is true about DUMAND?

　　[A]Light sensors are to be used as detecting medium.

　　[B]It is proposed by a group of astronomers.

　　[C]The sensors will not be affected by highenergy particles.

　　[D]It is the most effective means of detecting cosmic neutrinos.

　　23. With which of the following statements regarding neutrino astronomy would the author be most likely to agree?

　　[A]Neutrino astronomy will supersede all present forms of astronomy.

　　[B]Neutrino astronomy will be abandoned if the DUMAND project fails.

　　[C]Neutrino astronomy can be expected to lead to major breakthroughs in astronomy.

　　[D]Neutrino astronomy will disclose phenomena that will be more surprising than past discoveries.

　　24. In the last paragraph, the author describes the development of astronomy in order to.

　　[A]suggest that the potential findings of neutrino astronomy can be seen as part of a series of astronomical successes

　　[B]illustrate the role of surprise in scientific discovery

　　[C]demonstrate the effectiveness of the DUMAND apparatus in detecting neutrinos

　　[D]name some cosmic phenomena that neutrino astronomy will illuminate

　　25. According to the passage, one advantage that neutrinos have for studies in astronomy is that they.

　　[A]have been detected for the last twentyfive years

　　[B]possess a variable electric charge

　　[C]are usually extremely massive

　　[D]carry information about their history with them

　　Text 2

　　People have good reason to care about the welfare of animals.Ever since the Enlightenment，their treatment has been seen as a measure of mankind’s humanity.It is no coincidence that William Wilberforce and Sir Thomas Foxwell Buxton，two leaders of the movement to abolish the slave trade，helped found the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in the 1820s.An increasing number of people go further：mankind has a duty not to cause pain to animals that have the capacity to suffer.Both views have led people gradually to extend treatment once reserved for mankind to other species.

　　But when everyday lives are measured against such principles，they are fraught with contradictions.Those who would never dream of caging their cats and dogs guzzle bacon and eggs from ghastly factory farms.The abattoir and the cattle truck are secret places safely hidden from the meat eater’s gaze and the child’s story book.Plenty of people who denounce the furtrade(much of which is from farmed animals)quite happily wear leather (also from farmed animals).

　　Perhaps the inconsistency is understandable.After hundreds of years of thinking about it，people cannot agree on a system of rights for each other，so the ground is bound to get shakier still when animals are included.The trouble is that confusion and contradiction open the way to the extremist.And because scientific research is remote from most people’s lives, it is particularly vulnerable to their campaigns.

　　In fact，science should be the last target，wherever you draw the boundaries of animal welfare.For one thing，there is rarely an alternative to using animals in research.If there were，scientists would grasp it，because animal research is expensive and encircled by regulations.Animal research is also for higher purpose than a full belly or an elegant outfit.The world needs new medicines and surgical procedures just as it needs the unknowable fruits of pure research.

　　And science is，by and large，kind to its animals.The couple of million (mainly rats and mice)that die in Britain’s laboratories are far better lookedafter and far more humanely killed than the billion or so(mainly chickens)on Britain’s farms.Indeed，if Darley Oaks makes up its loss of guinea pigs with turkeys or dairy cows，you can be fairly sure animal welfare in Britain has just taken a step backwards.

　　26.Which one is right about the function of the first paragraph?

　　[A] Put forward sound reason to care about the welfare of animals.

　　[B] Emphasize the glory of the Enlightenment.

　　[C] Introduce the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

　　[D] Provide background knowledge for the discussion to be expanded.

　　27.The inconsistency in our routine lives is defined by enumerating.

　　[A] the deeds conducted by Sir Thomas Foxwell Buxton

　　[B] the people who condemn the furtrade but merrily wear leather

　　[C] the understanding of the ancient times concerning a system of rights

　　[D] the comprehension of the way to the extremist

　　28.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that.

　　[A] the public’s ignorance of scientific research results in attacks on science

　　[B] a measure of mankind’s humanity is taken into account

　　[C] confusion and contradiction result from vulnerable campaigns

　　[D] the debate is bound to aggravate in the next decade

　　29.With which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?

　　[A] Even if they deplore the activitist’s use of intimidation and violence，animal lovers everywhere can sure rejoice today.

　　[B] Science does not deserve to be the target of protests，whatever you think of animal rights.

　　[C] Over the years something good has come from the campaign against the animal industry.

　　[D] It is a sensible move that Darley Oaks makes up its loss of guinea pigs with turkeys or dairy cows.

　　30.In the text，a comparison is made so as to.

　　[A] abolish the slave trade

　　[B] elaborate a higher purpose of animal research

　　[C] warn that mankind has a duty not to cause pain to animals

　　[D] assert that science is，by and large，kind to its animals

　　Text 3

　　Clouds may have silver linings，but even the sunniest of us seldom glimpse them on foot.The marvelous Blur Building that hovers above the lake of Yverdon les Bains in Switzerland provides such an opportunity.It gives anyone who has ever wanted to step into the clouds they watch from the airplane window a chance to realize their dream.Visitors wear waterproof ponchos before setting off along a walkway above the lake that takes them into the foggy atmosphere of the cloud.The experience of physical forms blurring before your eyes as you enter the cloud is both disorientating and liberating. However firmly your feet are planted on the floor，it is hard to escape the sensation of floating.On the upper deck of this spaceshipshaped structure，the Angel Bar，a translucent counter lit in tones of aqueous blue，beckons with a dozen different kinds of mineral water.

　　To enter this Sublime building situated in the landscape of the Swiss Alps feels like walking into a poem—it is part of nature but removed from reality.Its architects，Elizabeth Diller and Ricardo Scofidio o f New York，designed it as a pavilion for the Swiss Expo 2002 in the Three Lakes region of Switzerland,an hour’s train ride from Geneva，which features a series of exhibits on the lakes.The Blur Building is easily the most successful.Indeed，you can skip the rest of the Expo—a Swiss kitsch version of Britain’s Millennium Dome—and head straight for the cloud，which is there until the end of October.

　　The architects asked themselves what was the ideal material for building on a lake and decided on water itself: the element of the lake, the snow, the rivers and the mist above it. They wanted to play on and lay bare the notion of a world’s fair pavilion by creating an ethereal ghost of one in which there is nothing to see.The result is a refuge from the surveillance cameras and highdefinition images of our everyday world—a particular tease in Switzerland.where clarity and precision are so prized.(Antiarchitecture or not，the Blur Building cost a cool$7.5 million.)

　　Outofthebox thinking is a trademark of Diller+Scofidio，a husbandandwife team of architecture professors who became the first architects to win a genius grant from the MacArthur Foundation in 1999.Although they have built very little，they are interested in the social experience of architecture，in challenging people’s ideas about buildings.They treat architecture as an analytical art form that combines other disciplines, such as visual art and photography, dance and theatre.

　　To realize its Utopian poetry，the Blur Building has to be technologically stateoftheart.Water from the lake is pumped through 32,000 fog nozzles positioned throughout the skeletonlike stainless steel structure;so the building does not just look 1ike a cloud on the outside，it feels like a cloud on the inside.And while the 300footwide platform can accommodate up to 400 people，visitors vanish from each other in the mist at about five paces，so you really can wander lonely as a cloud.Wordsworth must be smiling.

　　31.All of the following statements are true about the spectacle on the deck of this structure except.

　　[A] dazing[B] free

　　[C] spinechilling[D] dazzling

　　32.One should directly come to the Blur Building in the Expo 2002 and skip the rest because.

　　[A]it will be there temporarily

　　[B]it’s the most important expo work

　　[C]it’s not real and will vanish in the thin air

　　[D]it’s near Geneva

　　33.The phrase “outofthebox”(Line 1，Para.4)most probably means.

　　[A]traditional[B]logical

　　[C]invariable[D]inspirational

　　34.The last sentence“Wordsworth must be smiling” means.

　　[A]wordsworth has asked the architects to build it in this way

　　[B]the architecture is just like a beautiful poem

　　[C]wordsworth will be happy to see the scene in his poem come true

　　[D]wordsworth is satisfied with this architecture

　　35.Which one is not right about the building?

　　[A]It is a piece of art.

　　[B]It differs from the traditional concept of buildings.

　　[C]There is no difference from the images of our everyday world.

　　[D]The splendid spectacle can’t be photoset.