一、tend
和incline
这两个动词都含“倾向”的意思。
1.
tend “倾向于”,“易于....”,常接动词不定式,即tend to do sth表 示有做某事的倾向。翻译时常译成“往往”。
tend
还常接介词 to
或
towards,即
tend to sth,表示“倾向于”赞同某观点说法或出现某情况。
1)
People tend to
get fat as they grow
older.
人长大成人后往往会发胖。
2)
Many language teachers tend to
talk too much in their
lectures.
许多语言教师讲课时往往会说的太多。
3)
Fares tend to
go down in the autumn and rise again at
christmas.
交通票价秋季时趋于下降,而圣诞节期间又开始回升。
4)
Patients in pain tend to
feel indignant and insulted if the physician
tells
them
that he can find no organic cause for the
pain.
如果医生告诉疼痛病人,他能发现疼痛的原因,病人往往会感到愤怒,受侮辱了。
5)
On the matter I tend towards your
opinion.
在这个问题上,我倾向你的观点。
6)
In my eyes, his views on many problems tend
toward the
extreme.
依我看来,他在许多问题上的看法过于偏激。
2.
incline
用作不及物动词时,基本意思是“倾斜”,也可以表示“倾向于”,
常接介
to或
towards,用法与tend to
相似。 用作及物动词时,表示“倾
向于”、“感到想……”
1)
The house is measured to be slightly inclining
eastward.
据测定这栋房子向东有轻微的倾斜。
2)The partly deaf man inclined forward to hear the
conversation more
clearly.
有点耳聋的男子身体向前倾斜以听清听谈话。
3)I incline/tend
to your opinion on the program about the
reorganization of
our
company.
关于公司的重组,我倾向于你的计划。
用作及物动词时,表示“使倾向于……”、“使倾向于……”、“感到想……”,常见有三个结构:(1) incline to do
sth.;
(2)incline sb. to do sth.;
( 3)
be inclined to do
sth.
1)
Thus, no-public shareholders incline to
raise the price of SEO to make their
stock
wealth maximized.
因此,非流通股股东为使其财富增值最大,倾向于提高增发价格。
2)Tradition, knowledge and
culture incline to be out of
joint in varying
degrees.
传统、知识、文化出现了不同程度的脱节倾向。
3)
The letter inclines me to
believe that he doesn’t want to
come.
他的来信使我倾向于认为他不想来了。
4)His stubborn attitude on the
problem inclines us to
dissolve the coperation
with
them.
他在这个问题上态度顽固使我们倾向于的解解除与他们合作关系。
5)
He is inclined to exaggerate the
difficulties whenever he takes on a
formidable
task.
每当他解释艰巨的任务,他老是爱夸大困难。(相当于He tends to exaggerate …)
二、tendency
、trend和inclination
这三个名词都含“倾向”、“趋势”的意思。 tendency
指自然倾向,而trend
指新的发展趋向。 inclination
用于人时指出于兴趣、好感或意愿表现出的倾向;用于物时指出现向某一方向发展的倾向。
1) As
a general rule, the middle class has
a tendency to be
politically
conservative.
通常,中产阶级倾向于政治上保守的。
2)
There has been a tendency for
industry to be located in a single region,
instead
of being dispersed evenly over
the whole
country.
现在有一种倾向工业往往位于单一地区,而不是均匀地分散在全国各地。
3)
There is a growing trend for
people to work at home instead of in
offices.
有越来越多人在家里工作而不是在办公室。
4)
There is an inevitable trend that
technical specialists, managers and even
executives
will be contracted as supplemental
workers.
有一种不可避免的趋势,技术专家、经理,甚至总裁都将是签合同辅助员工。
5) He
always follows his
own inclination instead of
thinking of
others’ feelings.
他总是按自己的兴趣意愿行事,不考虑他人的感受。
6)
But girls rarely seem to have either the chance or
the inclination to get plugged in
these games.
但是,女孩似乎极少有机会或意向要参与这些游戏。
7)
From May the prices of these products have
an inclination to go
up.
从5月开始这些商品的价格有向上涨的趋势。
另一说:trend和tendency均含“趋势,倾向”之意。
trend指事物发展总的方向、倾向或趋势,它指的是整个社会或者比较大群体的一种趋势或者潮流,例如:
The current
trend is towards informal clothing.
目前的趋势是穿着比较随便。
tendency指固有或习得的倾向性,强调没有外来的影响或干扰,一般指的是人有某种倾向性或者某种趋势,例如:
He had a
tendency to shrink up whenever attention was focused on him.
当别人注意他时,他就会退缩一旁。
三、predispose
动词
predispose
也表示“使倾向于”,“使……易于”的意思,常用结构
是: predispose…… to ……
或 be predisposed to
…….。其名词是
predisposition,后接介词to。
1)
His early
training predisposed him to a
life of
adventure.
他的早期训练使他倾向于冒险生活。
2)
Genes
may predispose one to unhappiness,
but disposition can be influenced by
Personal
choices.
基因可使人有遭遇不幸的倾向,但性情受个人选择的影响。
3)
The inhabitants are predisposed
to rheumatism by the damp
climate.
由于气候潮湿当地居民易患风湿症。
4) We
know more and more about the way that genes affect
our predisposition to
diseases.
我们越来越了解基因是如何影响我们的易感疾病性的。
加载中,请稍候......