独立属格 双重属格
(2010-08-13 15:15:32)
标签:
英语独立属格英语双重属格of中心词限定词my校园 |
分类: 英语学习 |
名词属格通常用于名词中心词之前,作限定词或修饰词,但是有时名词中心词可以省略,而以名词属格独立充当一定的句子成分或词组成分。这种独立使用的名词属格叫做独立属格(Independent
Genitive)。
独立属格常用语下列场合:
a/名词中心词已在上下文中出现过:
Her memory is like an elephant's.
名词属格的这种用法相当于物主代词的类似用法:
Hers is the largest house.
That dress is yours.
b/被省略的名词中心词表示某人的家或住宅:
I am going to dine at the Johnsons'.
c/被省略的名词中心词表示教堂/学校等公共场所:
Joe lives near St.Paul's (Cathedral) in London.
d/被省略的中心词表示店铺/公司等:
Pickled vegetables are available at the grocer's.
独立属格可在of-词组中作介词补足成分,带有独立属格的of-词组又叫做“双重属格”。例如:
He is a friend of my fasther's.
在这里, a friend of my father's=one of my father's friends.
又例如:
A painting of my colleague's (相当于one of my colleague's
paintings)
由上述例子可以看出,在双重属格结构中,用做介词补足成分的属格名词,必须是确定特指的,而且一般指人。试观察:
a friend of the doctor's
*a friend of a doctor's
*a cover of the book's
双重属格所修饰的名词可以带a,any,some等表示非确定特指的限定词,但通常不带定冠词。试观察:
a daughter of Mrs Green's
any/some daughters of Mrs Green's
*the daughter of Myrs Green's
由双重属格修饰的名词也可以和this,that 等指示限定词连用,表示爱憎褒贬等感**彩。例如:
this brilliant idea of David's
that clever remark of your sister's
that notorious scheme of your colleague's
还可以带有which等疑问限定词和数词等定量限定词。例如:
which novel of Dickens'
two novels of Dickens'
of-词组和双重属格有时可以交替使用,但意义略有区别,比较:
He is a friend of my father's.
(>>He is one of my father's
friends.)
He is a friend of my father.
(>>He is friendly to my
father.)
但如果of-词组中介词补足成分为指人的专有名词,而该of-词组又表示所有关系,在这种情况下通常用双重属格。试观察:
a car of Berry's(>>one of
Berry's cars)
*a car of Berry.
在下面的例子,of-属格和双重属格所表示的意义是截然不同的。
a portrait of Mr Brown's(一张由Brown先生画的或收藏的肖像)
a portrait of Mr Brown(一张Brown先生的肖像)
后一篇:完成反义疑问句