格才教育：Jerry

                                      货代英语临门一脚

Unit 4 UCP 600

1. The primary objective of the ICC, which was established in 1919,is facilitating the flow of international trade.1919年成立的国际商会的主要目的是推动国际贸易的流通。

2. This particular revision has also sought to improve the drafting of the UCP in order to facilitate consistent application and interpretation of the Rules.这次的修正也是为了便于对规则一致的运用和理解。

3. The definitions and interpretation Articles(2and3)are a welcome addition.章节2和3是受欢迎的添加章节。

4. In broader terms, the aim of ICC is to enhance the reputation of L/C as the settlement means of choice among international traders. 国际商会的目的是提高信用证在国际商家心中作为结算的信誉。

5. Part of this aim involves reducing documentary rejections, which surveys indicate may be as high as 70 % of the first presentations. 有调查显示单据被拒的概率高达70%，部分的目标则是减少单据被拒的概率。

6. Whilst the intention was not to have a line by line by line revision, in practice there are many changes. 尽管这次修改不是逐行逐行的但还是有变化的。

7. The UCP600 is not divided into the same sections as the UCP500,which were lettered A to G. UCP600并不像UCP500那样在结构上分为7部分（A至G）。

8. Most difference between the UCP500 and UCP600 are clarifications rather than actual changes.UCP500和UCP600最大的区别在澄清方面而不是在实际变化上。

9. Very useful clarification is given in these articles concerning the rights and obligations of Advising, Confirming, Issuing, and Nominated Banks.对于有关通知行、保兑行、开证行和指定银行的权利和义务的章节也进行了澄清。

10. For the examination of documents, the banks now have a maximum of 5 banking days following the day of presentation, and no longer the reasonable time not exceeding 7 banking days. 银行现在最多是5个工作日审单不再是以前的7个工作日。

11.When read in context with the credit, the document itself and international standard banking practice, need not be identical to（并不要完全一致）,but must not conflict with data （但不能与数据起冲突）in that document, any other stipulated document, or the L/C.

Unit 5 Terms of Shipment in the Contracts for the International Sales of Goods

1. Terms of shipment include  methods  of  transport , time for shipment, partial shipment and transshipment, port or place of loading and unloading, shipping documents and so on.运输条款包括运输方式、船期、分批装运和转运、装卸港和运输单据等等。

2. Time of shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods on board a vessel at a port of shipment (if shipment is made by sea).船期是指将货装上指定船舶的时间限制。

3.According to the UCP600,if the expression_r_r “on or about” or similar expression_r_rs are used, banks will interpret them as a stipulation that shipment is to be made during the period from 5 days before to 5 days after the specified date, both end days included. e.g.: If the L/C stipulates that the shipment date is “on or about July 20, 2008,”, then the goods can be shipped from July 15 to July 25.若船期前有大约字眼，则视为可以上下浮动5天，起讫日包括在内。

4.The words “to, until, till, from”, and words of similar expression_r_rs applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned. The word “after/before” will be understood to exclude the date mentioned. 此四个词“to, until, till, from”若用于船期前，被理解为包括那天在内。而“after/before”用于船期前，不包括那天在内。

5．The terms “first half” and “second half” of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1^st to the 15^th,and the 16^th to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive. “first half”指the 1^st to the 15^th  “second half”指the 16^th to the last day。

   The terms “beginning, middle, or end” of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1^st to the 10^th,the 11^th to the 20^th,and the 21^st to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.

6. The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way. For example, a stipulation such as “shipment on July 20”is clear, but not flexible. If the seller can not get the goods ready before that, he will break the contract.

7. expression_r_rs such as “prompt, immediately, as soon as possible”, and the like should not be used. If they are used, banks will disregard them.

8. Sometimes, the L/C simply stipulates an expiration date without a shipment date, which means these two days are the same. For example, if the L/C stipulates that the expiration date is July 31^st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also Just 31^st.双到期。

9. If the Expiration date of the credit and/or the last day of the period of time for presentation of documents stipulated by the credit falls on a day that the bank to which presentation has to be made is closed, the stipulated expiration date and/or the last day of the date of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents, as the case may be, shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open.归纳为交单期和信用证到期日可以顺延。

10. The latest date for shipment shall not be extended by reason of the Expiration of the expiration date and/or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents. If no such latest date for shipment is stipulated in the credit or amendments, banks will not accept transport documents indicating a date of shipment later than the expiration date stipulated in the credit or amendments.归纳为船期无论如何都不可顺延。

Unit 6 Documentary Credit

1. A letter of credit is one of the international payment methods.信用证是一种付款方式。

2. The latest edition is called the UCP600.信用证惯例最新版本是UCP600。

3.An L/C is the written promise of a bank to act at the request and on the instructions of the applicant and to undertake payment to the beneficiary in the amount specified in the credit, provided that the beneficiary complies with the terms and conditions of the credit.信用证是一书面承诺：根据申请人的要求和指示去做以及如果受益人遵守了信用证承担信用证下规定数目钱款。

4. An applicant (may also be called “opener or accountee” )is the party that applies to a bank for opening a L/C.申请人，买方亦称开证人、付款人。

5. An issuing bank refers to the bank that issues a L/C at the request of the applicant.开证行，买方所在地银行。

6. An advising bank is usually a bank in the seller’s country.通知行，卖方所在地银行。

7. A beneficiary (may also be called “seller or exporter”) refers to the party in whose favor an L/C is opened.受益人，卖方。

8. There are three basic characteristics in the settlement by an L/C. They are the issuing bank has the primary liability for payment, and L/C is a self-sufficient instrument, it is simply a document transaction.信用证三大特点：银行信用、自足文件和单据交易。

8. The relevant parties deal with documents only, rather than with the goods or services.信用证的眼里只有单据。

9. Documentary Credits vs. Clean Credits 跟单信用证和光票信用证

If shipping documents are required(如果附有运输单据),these credits are called documentary credits. If shipping documents are not required and only drafts are required, they are called clean credits.关键看是否附有运输单据，有，为跟单信用证；无，为光票信用证。