英语中并列人称代词的排列顺序解析与整理
英美人在并列使用两个或两个以上的人称代词时,有一些约定俗成的排列习惯。几个人一起受到褒奖或做了好事时,说话人总是把听话者放到最前面,把第三者放在中间,最后才提到他(她)自己。在几个人一起承认错误或受到贬斥时,说话人首先把自己推到前面,然后是第三者,最后才是听话者。具体情况罗列于下:
一、几个人之间有尊卑或上下级关系时,常把身份高的人放在前面。例如:
I and my daughter are both interested in his book.
He and his secretary told us something and left for their office.
二、涉及到的几个人之间是平等关系时,人称代词应依据下列方式排列:
1 .一般情况下或受褒奖时:
1 )人称代词为单数时,按照第二人称、第三人称、第一人称的顺序排列。例如:
You, he and I are all wanted by the teacher.
Peter and I didn't go to the flower show.
2) 人称代词为复数时,按照第一人称、第二人称、第三人称的顺序排列。即把第一人称“我们”放在最前面,把第二人称“你们”放在中间,把第三人称“他们 / 她们 / 它们”放在最后。例如:
We, you and they agreed on the date for the next meeting.
We and they won't give up this football match.
3) 并列使用第三人称的“男”( he )和“女”( she )时,先说男后说女。例如:
He and she are both good at spoken-English.
2 .承认错误、承担责任或检讨工作中的失误以及叙述到不吉利的事情时:
1 )人称代词为单数时,按第一人称、第三人称、第二人称的顺序排列。例如:
I and my brother made our parents angry.
I, he and you are to blame for the accident.
2) 人称代词为复数时,按第三人称、第二人称、第一人称的顺序排列。例如:
They and we had to go back from the mountain early for the heavy rain.
They, you and we shouldn't break the rules.
3 .其他情况:
1 )说话人强调自己时,应将第一人称排到最前面。例如:
Everyone here must obey the class rules except me and Mr. Wang, of course.
2) 与 I 并列的词前面被不定代词修饰时,应将第一人称排到最前面。例如:
I and some other teachers have discussed the problem.
3) 与 I 并列的词有后置定语修饰时,应将第一人称排到最前面。例如:
I and the student who won the first prize checked the answer.
4) 说话时意在强调 I 时,把 I 放在前面,而把附带提到的人放在后面。例如:
I and a Mr. Li went back together by air.