最近有咨询Windows操作系统下的字体版权问题,以下以Windows XP和Office
2007为例,简要分析字体的版权属性和可使用性。
1、首先,按照Windows和Office许可协议,字体组件应当视为Office软件不可分割的部分,用户购买Office时即获得包括字体组件在内的整体权利。
原文为:IF
YOU COMPLY WITH THESE LICENSE TERMS, YOU HAVE THE RIGHTS BELOW FOR
EACH LICENSE YOU ACQUIRE.
c.Separation
of Components. The components of the software are
licensed as a single unit. You may not separate
the components and install them on different devices.
2、对正在运行的文档中字体的显示和打印是用户的基本权利,字体组件的嵌入基于“字体可嵌入性”使用。此处需要注意,也是比较费劲的是,在本机上,Office本身中的显示和打印纸质不属于协议中所称的嵌入(绑定),即,用户购买软件,也就取得了将显示的文档打印为纸质的权利。如果转换成PDF或载入后台打印或在其他机器演示,则可能存在嵌入。
原文为:3.ADDITIONAL LICENSING REQUIREMENTS AND/OR USE RIGHTS.
c.Font Components. While the software is running, you may use its
fonts to display and print content. You may(不是shall) only
• embed
fonts in content as permitted by the embedding restrictions in the
fonts; and
•
temporarily download them to a printer or other output device to
help print content.
3、对整体许可而言,具有软件许可基本的可转让性,版权穷竭的一般原理适用于上述软件。
原文为:15.REASSIGN TO ANOTHER DEVICE. You may
reassign the license to a different device any number of times, but
not more than one time every 90 days. If you
reassign, that other device becomes the “licensed
device.” If you retire the licensed device due to
hardware failure, you may reassign the license sooner.
16.TRANSFER
TO A THIRD PARTY. The first user of the software
may make a one-time transfer of the software, and this agreement,
directly to a third party. The first user must
uninstall the software before transferring it separately from the
device. The first user may not retain any copies.
Before any permitted transfer, the other party must agree that this
agreement applies to the transfer and use of the
software. The transfer must include the proof of
license. If the software is an
upgrade, any transfer must also include all prior versions of the
software.
4、对嵌入的理解,以PPT演示文稿为例,PDF也类似:
(1)对于
Microsoft PowerPoint
演示文稿而言,如果创建时的计算机使用的字体与打开时计算机上安装的字体不同,则字体的外观就有可能发生变化。此时需要通过在演示文稿中保存(或嵌入)字体解决此问题。
(2)只要字体没有妨碍嵌入的许可限制,PowerPoint 就支持对其进行嵌入操作。在 PowerPoint
中打开具有嵌入字体的演示文稿时,嵌入字体的行为将取决于字体的嵌入许可级别(一般而言,4种):
a)如果演示文稿包含限制用于“打印”或“预览”视图的字体,就无法进行编辑(只可打印或预览,只读模式)。
b)
如果演示文稿包含许可为可编辑的嵌入字体,则当包含该嵌入字体的演示文稿打开时,就可以暂时将该字体用于编辑演示文稿和程序。
c)
如果演示文稿包含许可为可安装的嵌入字体,那么当包含该嵌入字体的演示文稿打开时,就会暂时安装该字体以用于其他演示文稿和程序。
如果无法嵌入某个字体(例如,字体没有标记为可编辑、可安装、或用于打印和预览),则会收到字体嵌入提示消息,通知您该字体由于存在许可限制而无法嵌入(由此可知,作为购买软件的用户而言,无需主动判断字体的可嵌入性)。
5、此外,对于非Windows或Office所带字体,需要根据单独的字体许可协议和版权的一般原则判断其使用范围和限制。
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