对划线部分进行提问,即针对句子中的某一成分提出问题。实质上是把一个陈述句变成一个特殊疑问句的过程。初学者,可利用“四步法”进行训练。
一、对划线部分进行提问可分四步进行:
第一步,找出特殊词,代替划线部分。(what when how where who which whose等)
第二步,把原句变成一般疑问句(划线部分是主语或主语的定语除外)。
第三步,特殊词加上一般疑问句,划线部分省略。
第四步,归纳分析,写出正确答案。
歌谣:一找,二变,三省略,四归纳。
例1 That's a
book .
(1) 找出what代替a book。
(2) 变疑问句:Is that a book?
(3) What + Is
that? 省略 a book
(4) What is
that? 归纳
例2 The pen is on the
desk .
(1)找出Where代替on the
desk 。
(2)变疑问句:Is the pen on the desk?
(3)Where + Is the
pen? 省略on the desk
(4) Where is the
pen? 归纳
二 常见的对划线部分进行提问的题型
1 对主语提问
对主语提问时,只需找出一个恰当的疑问词代替划线部分;句子的语序不变。
(1)主语是人,用who代替。
1)Miss Zhang teaches us
English . Who
teaches you English ?
2)Jim is a
teacher. Who
is a teacher ?
(2)主语是物用what 代替
1)My bike is under
the tree . What
is under the tree .?
2)The apple is red
. What
is red ?
3)There is a
book in the bag . What
is in the bag ?
(特殊事例 一般不用what is
there 或what are
there)
2 对谓语提问(或谓语和宾语提问)
(1)一般现在时
例1 He eats an
apple .(eats an
apple 划线)
(1)do代替eat what代替an apple
(2)变疑问句:Does he eat an apple?
(3)What + Does he eat an
apple?? 【do代替eat what代替an
apple 划线部分省略】
(4)What does he do?归纳分析,写出正确答案
例2 She does her
homework.
(1)do代替does what代替 homework
(2)变疑问句:Does she do her
homework?
(3)What + Does she do her
homework?【do代替does what代替 homework 划线部分省略】
(4)What does she do?归纳分析,写出正确答案。
规则:
在一般现在时中,对动词提问,用do代替划线动词;
宾语用what代替;其句型结构是:What do/does……do?
(2)一般过去时
例1 He ate an
apple .(ate an
apple 划线)
(1)do代替ate what代替an apple
(2)变疑问句:Did he eat an apple?
(3)What + Did he eat an
apple? do代替ate what代替an apple 划线部分省略。
(4)What did he do?归纳分析,写出正确答案
例2 She did her
homework.(did her
homework 划线)
(1)do代替did what代替 homework
(2)变疑问句:Did she do her homework?
(3)What + Did she do her
homework? do代替did what代替 homework 划线部分省略。
(4)What did she do?归纳分析,写出正确答案。
规则:
在一般过去时中,对动词提问,用do代替划线动词;
宾语用what代替;其句型结构是:What did-------do?形式。
(3)现在进行时
例1 He is eating an
apple .(eating an
apple 划线)
(1)doing代替eating what代替an apple
(2)变疑问句:Is he eating eat an
apple?
(3)What + Is he eating an
apple? doing代替eating what替an
apple 划线部分省略。
(4)What is he doing?归纳分析,写出正确答案
例2 She is doing her
homework.(doing her
homework 划线)
(1)doing代替doing what代替 homework
(2)变疑问句:Is she doing her
homework?
(3)What + Is she doing her
homework?doing代替doing what代替 homework 划线部分省略。
(4)What is she doing?归纳分析,写出正确答案。
规则:
在现在进行中,对动词提问,用doing代替划线动词;
宾语用what代替;其句型结构是:What is/are-------doing?
3 对宾语提问
(1)宾语是物,对物进行提问用what
例:He eats an apple.(an
apple划线)
(1)an
apple是物,用what代替。
(2)变疑问句 Does he eat an
apple?
(3)What+
Does he eat ?省略an apple
(4)
What does he eat?归纳。
4对表语提问
1 对物进行提问用what
例1 That's a
book .
(1)找出what代替a book。
(2)变疑问句:Is that a book ?
(3)What
+ Is that? 省略 a book
(4)What
is that? 归纳
2 对前面出现了name的人名提问用what
例 My name
is Jim . (Jim 划线) What
is your name?
3 对前面不出现name的人名提问用who
例 He
is Jack .(Jack划线,指姓名)Who is
he ?
4 对地点提问用 where 。
例 The book
is in the
bag .(in the
bag 划线)Where is the book?
5 对职业提问用,身份用what
例 He is a
doctor(a doctor划线)What is
he ?
6 对关系提问用who
例Li Ping is my
brother .(my brother划线,指关系)Who is Li
Ping ?
7 对价格进行提问用how much。
例 The pen
is two dollars.( two
dollars 划线)How much is the
pen ?
8 对几点几分进行提问用what time。
例 It's four
o'clock.( four
o'clock 划线)What time is
it ?
9 对不是表示几点几分的时间状语进行提问用when。
例 My birthday
is on the 11th of
November. When
is your birthday ?
10 对年龄进行提问用how old。
例 He
is twelve.(twelve划线 )How old is
he ?
11 对颜色进行提问用what color。
例 The bike
is black . (black 划线)What color is the
bike ?
12 对身体状况进行提问用 how 。
例 He's fine .(fine 划线)How is
he ?
13 对表示频率的时间状语进行提问用how often。每隔多久
例 He watches
TV every day.(every
day 划线)How often does he watch
TV ?
14 对方式状语提问用how。
例 I go to
school by
bike .(by bike划线)How do you go to school?
15 对星期提问用。what day。
例 It
is Tuesday. ( 划线Tuesday)What day is today?
16 对日期提问用what date。
例 It is the
21st of
September. What
date is today?
17 对天气提问用what is the weather
like---?或how
例 The weather
was snowy yesterday. What
was the weather like yesterday?
How
was the weather yesterday.
18 对价格进行提问用how much。
例 The pen
is two dollars.(two dollars划线)How much is the pen
19 对相貌特征提问用what-----like?
例 She
is beautiful . What
is she like ?
20 对距离(多远)提问用how far
例 It is six
kilometers from here to the zoo . How
far is it from here to the zoo?
21.使用whose时要分清它的后面有无名词:
例 This book
is mine. Whose is this
book ?
例 This
is my book. Whose
book is this?
22 对人或物的外部特征提问,用what … like: 例 She is very
fat. What
is she like?
5 对定语提问
对主语提问时,只需找出一个恰当的疑问词代替划线部分;句子的语序不变。
构成:特殊词+被修饰词+照抄其它部分。
1 对某人的进行提问用whose。
例1 My book
is on the desk .(My划线)Whose book is on the
desk ?
2 对定语提问(不是某人的)用which 或what 。
例 The red car
is mine .( red 划线) Which car is
yours?
3 对可数名词的数量进行提问用how many。
例 Two pens are on the desk
.(Two划线)How many pens are on the
desk?
4 对不可数名词的数量进行提问,用how much。
例 There is a
little water in the
cup.(a
little 划线)How much water is there in the
cup ?
5 划线部分是介词短语作后置定语时,要用which提问。
例 The
man in the green car is my
father. Which man is your
father ?
6 对其它成分的定语进行提问。
遵循四步法做题
1 对某人的进行提问用whose。
例 This is Li
Ping’s book .(Li
Ping’s 划线)Whose book is
this ?
说明:
whose做定语,修饰可数名词book,
因此,whose book和how much
water 一样,不能分开。
2 对定语提问(不是某人的)用which 或what。
例 He has
a black bike
.(black划线)Which bike does he
have ?
3 对可数名词的数量进行提问用how many。
例 I
have two books
.(two 划线)How many books do you
have ?
说明:
how
many修饰book,在句中做定语,因此不能分开。
4 对不可数名词的数量进行提问,用how much。
例 There is a
little water in the
cup.(a
little 划线) How
much water is there in the
cup ?
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