Rule 14. Striking the Ball
规则14. 击打球

Definitions
All defined terms are in italics and are listed alphabetically in the Definitions section.
定义
所有被定义的术语都用斜体表示，并按字母顺序列于规则集之“定义表”部分。

14-1. Ball to Be Fairly Struck At
The ball must be fairly struck at with the head of the club and must not be pushed, scraped or spooned.
14-1. 球必须被完全击打
球必须以杆头完全击打，而不得采用推、拨或挖的方式。

14-2. Assistance
In making a stroke, a player must not:
a. Accept physical assistance or protection from the elements; or
b. Allow his caddie, his partner or his partner's caddie to position himself on or close to an extension of the line of play or the line of putt behind the ball.
Penalty for Breach of Rule 14-1 or 14-2:
Match play - Loss of hole; Stroke play - Two strokes.
14-2. 协助
在进行击球时，球员不得：
a. 接受物理协助或对恶劣天气条件的保护；或者
b. 允许其球童、同伴或其同伴的球童在其球后方的打球线路或推击线路延长线上或其附近站立。
对违背规则14-1或14-2的处罚：
比洞赛——本洞判负；比杆赛——加罚两杆。

14-3. Artificial Devices, Unusual Equipment and Unusual Use of Equipment
The United States Golf Association (USGA) reserves the right, at any time, to change the Rules relating to artificial devices, unusual equipment and the unusual use of equipment, and make or change the interpretations relating to these Rules.
A player in doubt as to whether use of an item would constitute a breach of Rule 14-3 should consult the USGA.
A manufacturer should submit to the USGA a sample of an item to be manufactured for a ruling as to whether its use during a stipulated round would cause a player to be in breach of Rule 14-3. The sample becomes the property of the USGA for reference purposes. If a manufacturer fails to submit a sample or, having submitted a sample, fails to await a ruling before manufacturing and/or marketing the item, the manufacturer assumes the risk of a ruling that use of the item would be contrary to the Rules.
Except as provided in the Rules, during a stipulated round the player must not use any artificial device or unusual equipment, or use any equipment in an unusual manner:
a. That might assist him in making a stroke or in his play; or
b. For the purpose of gauging or measuring distance or conditions that might affect his play; or
c. That might assist him in gripping the club, except that:
(i) plain gloves may be worn;
(ii) resin, powder and drying or moisturizing agents may be used; and
(iii) a towel or handkerchief may be wrapped around the grip.
14-3. 人造装置，非常规装备以及装备的非正常使用
在任何时候，美国高尔夫球协会(USGA)都保留对于更改有关人造装置、非常规装备以及装备的非正常使用的规则，以及对此类规则的解释做出或进行修改的权利。
球员对使用某装置是否有违规则14-3心存疑虑时，应该咨询USGA。
制造商应当向USGA提交即将生产的装置样品以判断其在规定比赛轮中的使用是否会造成球员对规则14-3的违背。该样品归美国高尔夫球协会所有并用于参考目的。如果制造商未能提交样品，或者在提交样品后但未得到裁决前对其进行生产和/或市场推广，制造商需要承担其装置不符合规则要求的风险。
除非规则集另有规定，在规定比赛轮中，球员不得使用以下任何人工装置或非常规装备，也不得以非正常方式使用任何装备：
a. 可能有助于其进行击球或比赛；或
b. 用于对可能影响其比赛的距离或条件进行测定或测量；或
c. 可能有助于其握杆，但：
(i) 可以戴普通手套;
(ii) 可以使用松脂、粉末以及干燥或保湿剂；并且
(iii) 可以在握把上缠卷毛巾或手帕。

Exceptions:
1. A player is not in breach of this Rule if (a) the equipment or device is designed for or has the effect of alleviating a medical condition, (b) the player has a legitimate medical reason to use the equipment or device, and (c) the Committee is satisfied that its use does not give the player any undue advantage over other players.
2. A player is not in breach of this Rule if he uses equipment in a traditionally accepted manner.
Penalty for Breach of Rule 14-3: Disqualification.
Note: The Committee may make a Local Rule allowing players to use devices that measure or gauge distance only.
例外：
1. 如果(a)装备或装置是设计用来缓解病痛或该装备或装置具有此类效果，(b)球员具有使用该装备或装置的合法的医疗上的理由，并且(c)委员会认为这一使用不会致使该球员获得相对于其他球员的明显优势，则该球员未违背规则。
2. 如果球员按照传统上可接受的方式使用其装备时，不违背规则。
违背规则14-3的处罚：取消资格。
注：委员会可以发布当地规则，允许球员使用仅仅用于测量或测定距离的装置。

14-4. Striking the Ball More Than Once
If a player's club strikes the ball more than once in the course of a stroke, the player must count the stroke and add a penalty stroke, making two strokes in all.
14-4. 连击球
如果在一次击球过程中球员的球杆多次碰到球，则该球员需要计入该次击球并加一次罚杆，即总共算作两次击球。

14-5. Playing Moving Ball
A player must not make a stroke at his ball while it is moving.
Exceptions:
• Ball falling off tee - Rule 11-3.
• Striking the ball more than once - Rule 14-4.
• Ball moving in water - Rule 14-6.
When the ball begins to move only after the player has begun the stroke or the backward movement of his club for the stroke, he incurs no penalty under this Rule for playing a moving ball, but he is not exempt from any penalty under the following Rules:
• Ball at rest moved by player - Rule 18-2a.
• Ball at rest moving after address - Rule 18-2b.
(Ball purposely deflected or stopped by player, partner or caddie - see Rule 1-2.)
14-5. 击打运动中球
球员不得在球尚处于运动状态时击球。
例外：
• 球从球座上落下——规则11-3。
• 连击球——规则14-4。
• 球在水中运动——规则14-6。
当球在球员开始击球动作或在击球前的球杆后向运动中开始移动，他不会因本条击打运动中球的规则而受罚，但不能免受以下规则之处罚：
• 静止之球被球员移动——规则18-2a。
• 静止之球在击球准备完成后移动——规则18-2b。
（球被球员、同伴或球僮有意改变方向或停止——参见规则1-2）

14-6. Ball Moving in Water
When a ball is moving in water in a water hazard, the player may, without penalty, make a stroke, but he must not delay making his stroke in order to allow the wind or current to improve the position of the ball. A ball moving in water in a water hazard may be lifted if the player elects to invoke Rule 26.
14-6. 球在水中运动
当球在处于水障碍内的水中运动时，球员可以不受处罚而进行击球，但他不得为了让风或水流改善其球位而延迟击球。如果球员选择依规则26行事，则在水障碍内的水中运动的球可以被拿起。

Penalty for Breach of Rule 14-5 or 14-6:
Match play - Loss of hole; Stroke play - Two strokes.
对违背规则14-5 或14-6的处罚：
比洞赛——本洞判负；比杆赛——加罚两杆。