Definitions

All defined terms are in italics and are listed alphabetically in the Definitions section.
定义

所有被定义的术语都用斜体表示，并按字母顺序列于规则集之“定义表”部分。

5-1. General

The ball the player plays must conform to the requirements specified in Appendix III.

Note: The Committee may require, in the conditions of a competition (Rule 33-1), that the ball the player plays must be named on the current List of Conforming Golf Balls issued by the United States Golf Association.

5-1. 一般条款

球员所击打的球必须符合附则III 中的规格要求。

注：在比赛条件（规则33-1）下，委员会可以要求球员所击打的球必须见于由美国高尔夫球协会颁布的、最新的合规用球名单中。

5-2. Foreign Material

Foreign material must not be applied to a ball for the purpose of changing its playing characteristics.

PENALTY FOR BREACH OF RULE 5-1 or 5-2: Disqualification.

5-2. 外用材料

不得以改变球的运动性能为目的，在其上使用外用材料。

违犯规则5-1或5-2的处罚：取消资格

5-3. Ball Unfit for Play

A ball is unfit for play if it is visibly cut, cracked or out of shape. A ball is not unfit for play solely because mud or other materials adhere to it, its surface is scratched or scraped or its paint is damaged or discolored.

If a player has reason to believe his ball has become unfit for play during play of the hole being played, he may lift the ball, without penalty, to determine whether it is unfit.

Before lifting the ball, the player must announce his intention to his opponent in match play or his marker or a fellow-competitor in stroke play and mark the position of the ball. He may then lift and examine it, provided that he gives his opponent, marker or fellow-competitor an opportunity to examine the ball and observe the lifting and replacement. The ball must not be cleaned when lifted under Rule 5-3.

If the player fails to comply with all or any part of this procedure or if he lifts the ball without having reason to believe that it has become unfit for play during play of the hole being played, he incurs a penalty of one stroke.

If it is determined that the ball has become unfit for play during play of the hole being played, the player may substitute another ball, placing it on the spot where the original ball lay. Otherwise, the original ball must be replaced. If a player substitutes a ball when not permitted and makes a stroke at the wrongly substituted ball, he incurs the general penalty for a breach of Rule 5-3, but there is no additional penalty under this Rule or 15-2.

If a ball breaks into pieces as a result of a stroke, the stroke is canceled and the player must play a ball, without penalty, as nearly as possible at the spot from which the original ball was played (see Rule 20-5).

*PENALTY FOR BREACH OF RULE 5-3:
Match play - Loss of hole; Stroke play - Two strokes. *If a player incurs the general penalty for breach of Rule 5-3, there is no additional penalty under this Rule.

Note 1: If the opponent, marker or fellow-competitor wishes to dispute a claim of unfitness, he must do so before the player plays another ball.

Note 2: If the original lie of a ball to be placed or replaced has been altered, see Rule 20-3b.

(Cleaning ball lifted from putting green or under any other Rule - see Rule 21.)

5-3. 不适于比赛之球

如果球上出现明显的切痕、裂隙或变形，则不适于比赛。球上粘有泥土或其他物质、表面被划伤或擦伤、漆面被损或退色时，不得被视为不适于比赛之球。

在本洞比赛进行中，如果球员有理由相信他的球不再适于比赛，他可以将球拿起以判断是否属实，不受处罚。

在将球拿起之前，球员必须向其对手（比洞赛）或者记分员或同组参赛者（比杆赛）声明其意图，并对球位做标记。此后球员可以将球拿起并作相应检查，但前提是其对手、记分员或同组参赛者被赋予了对球进行检查和对将球拿起和更换的过程进行观察的机会。根据规则5-3将球拿起时球不得被擦拭。

如果球员未能完全遵守以上程序，或者不存在球员相信他的球不适于比赛的理由，他将被加罚一杆。

在本洞比赛进行中，如果可以判断该球已不再适于比赛，球员可以将另一粒球置于原用球所处位置，以对其进行替代。否则，原用球须被重置。如果球员在未经允许时对球进行了替代并对该误用替代球进行了击球，他须接受违犯规则5-3的通用处罚，但无须接受本规则或15-2 中的额外处罚。

如果因击球而导致球的破裂，该次击球将被取消，球员必须在尽可能靠近原用球被击打的位置上

重新击球，不受处罚（参见规则20-5）。

*对于违犯规则5-3的处罚：
比洞赛——本洞判负；

比杆赛——加罚两杆。

*如果球员接受了违犯规则5-3的通用处罚，则不必再接受此规则下的额外处罚。

注1: 如果对手、记分员或同组参赛者希望对该球是否不适于比赛提起申诉，他必须在球员击打另一粒球之前提出。

注2: 如果在替代或重置球时其原来所处位置发生改变，则参见规则20-3b。

(在推杆果岭上将球拿起后对其擦拭，或依据任何其他规则将球拿起后并对其擦拭——参见规则21。)