加载中…01年第一篇文章解析（1）
(2009-05-20 23:29:03)
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分类： 考研英语 |
01年第一篇文章解析（强化班资料）
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1 Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. （本句同时符合两个正确答案路标：因果as a response to 和段首常考。所以出题54题。） By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. （split：劈 subject:【记】sub下面, ject扔: 扔到下面－臣服者 一词多义，n. 题目, 科目, 主题 ~ sb/sth to sth 使某人[某物]经历或遭受某事物: subject sb to criticism, ridicule, abuse, etc 使某人遭批评﹑ 取笑﹑ 辱骂等） But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication.Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.（本句提出了specialisation与professionalisation 两个概念，符合二者相比必出考点原则，下面出了52题 ） 54. The direct reason for specialisation is . ［A］ the development in communication ［B］ the growth of professionalisation ［C］ the expansion of scientific knowledge ［D］ the splitting up of academic societies 【同义替换】本题根据第一句出题。选C ,同义替换如下：a response to = the direct reason for accumulation of scientific knowledge=the expansion of scientific knowledge 注意牛津字典的解释：expansion ：something increases in size, number or importance accumulation ：gradually increase in number or amount。可见命题人出题十分精密！ 【干扰项分析】 A：沟通的发展。原文未提到沟通。属于无中生有 B：职业化的发展。原文提到growth 也提到professionalisation，但是未将二者放到一起，典型的偷梁换柱 D：重要的干扰选项。原文讲的是把subject matter（学科知识）分割，这里偷换成academic societies（学术社团），典型的偷梁换柱 52. We can infer from the passage that . ［A］ there is little distinction between specialisation and professionalisation 【干扰项分析】本选项意思是“专业分工和职业化之间几乎没有区别”但是最后一句明确讲：专业化仅是科学领域内一系列影响交流过程的有关现象之一。另一现象是科研活动的日益职业化。表明二者还是有区别的。 No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule.（distinction [C, U] ~ (between A and B ) 差别; 对比: He drew a quite artificial distinction between men and women readers. 他把男读者和女读者硬是人为地区分开来[C] 荣誉的标志; 荣衔﹑ 勳章等:[U] 优秀; 卓越: a writer, novel, work of distinction 优秀的作家﹑ 小说﹑ 作品。本句释义：在科学领域内，专业与业余之间没有绝对的区分，但是任何规律都有其例外。） Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. （但是“业余”这个词的确具有特殊的含义，那就是所指的那个人没有完全融入某个科学家群体，具体地说，他可能并不完全认同这个群体的价值观。 The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom. |
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