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Special VOA HEALTH REPORT   09/05/27 文稿整理

HEALTH REPORT - Study Says Smoking Bans Do Not Hurt Jobs in Bars, Restaurants

健康报道：研究显示禁烟令不会伤及酒吧、饭店的工作

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This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

这里是voa慢速英语健康报告

Smoking is the world's leading preventable cause of death. In the United States, smoking rates are down from the past, but cigarettes still cause about one-fifth of all deaths. Nonsmokers are also affected.

吸烟是可预防的全球人类的头号杀手。美国吸烟率已经较从前有所下降，但仍有五分之一的死亡是由吸烟引起的。连不吸烟者也受到影响。

Thousands in the United States die each year from heart disease and lung cancer from breathing other people's tobacco smoke. Secondhand smoke also causes

breathing infections in young children. It can even cause sudden death in babies.

美国每年有几千人死于由于吸二手烟而导致的心脏病和肺癌。二手烟也会引起小孩子的呼吸道感染疾病。甚至会导致婴儿的突然死亡。

In recent years there has been a strong push for local and state governments to ban public smoking. The American Lung Association says half of the fifty states have passed smoke-free laws. Some measures are weaker than others. But many are comprehensive bans -- they include restaurants and bars as well as other workplaces.

近几年，地方和国家对公共场所禁烟的行动取得了巨大的进步。美国肺协会显示，五十个州中有一半通过了无烟法。当然有些方法力度不够大，但多数是涵盖广泛的禁令——包括饭店酒吧和其他工作场所都不能吸烟。

Wisconsin and North Carolina both approved smoking bans on the same day this month. Wisconsin passed a comprehensive ban that will take effect in July of next year. North Carolina passed a ban on smoking in restaurants and bars; it takes effect in January.

威斯康辛州和北卡罗来纳州在本月的同一天批准了禁烟令。威斯康辛州通过了一项将在明年七月生效的涵盖广泛的禁令。而北卡罗来纳州通过了在饭店和酒吧吸烟的禁令，并于明年一月生效。

The new law may not go as far as some would like, but the action is historic. North Carolina is America's top tobacco producing state. Other proposals are being debated across the country. Opponents argue that smoking bans cause job losses in restaurants and bars.

新的禁烟法出台可能还需要一段时间，但是这次禁烟行动是具有重大历史意义的。北卡罗来纳州是美国产烟最多的一个州。不同的建议正在全国上下争论着。反对者认为禁烟令会导致饭店和酒吧人员的失业。

 As a compromise, some bans exclude these establishments. But new research rejects this argument. Elizabeth Klein, an assistant professor at the College of Public Health at Ohio State University, was the lead author. She says the study was the first to compare the economic effects of different kinds of smoking bans.

作为折中办法，有些禁令没有涵盖这些地方（饭店和酒吧）。但是新的研究并不认可这些理由。俄亥俄州立大学公共卫生学院的助教伊丽莎白 克莱因是这项研究的带头人。她表示这是首次将不同的禁烟令对经济的影响作比较的研究。

She says the study looked at restaurants and bars because research suggests that people who drink alcohol are also more likely to smoke. The study examined employment records for eight cities in Minnesota for a three-year period through two thousand six. These cities have differing policies on public smoking. The study also included two cities with no such restrictions.

伊丽莎白指出研究饭店和酒吧是因为研究表明人喝酒的同时很可能会抽烟。他们调查了从零六年开始起，三年期内明尼苏达州八个城市的雇佣记录。这些城市有不同的公共场所吸烟政策。其中两个城市是没有吸烟限制的。

Professor Klein says the employment differences were so small that they could not be considered significant. Communities with the strongest policies had nine fewer employees per ten thousand community members than those with partial bans or none at all. The study appears in the June issue of Prevention Science.

克莱因教授指出这些雇佣记录的差别很小不足以说明有什么重要意义。有最严格禁烟令地区的群体与有部分禁烟令或没有吸烟限制地区的群体相比较，在每一万个雇员中少九个雇员。这份研究刊登在《预防科学》杂志的六月期刊上。

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, written by June Simms. Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts are at www.unsv.com. I'm Steve Ember.

原文链接

http://www.unsv.com/voanews/specialenglish/scripts/2009/05/27/0041/