Lesson 3 Please send me a card

test and analysis:

Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went（go） to Italy. I visited（visit） museums and sat（sit） in public gardens, A friendly waiter taught（teach） me a few words of Italian. Then he lent（lend） me a book. I read a few lines ,but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought（think） about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends, On the last day I made（make） a big decision. I got（get） up early and bought（by） thirty-seven cards, I spent（spend） the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

New words and expressions:

Send寄，送  postcard明信片  spoil使索然无味的，损坏  museum博物馆  public公共的  friendly友好的  waiter服务员  lend借给  decision决定 whole整个  single唯一的

Note:

Send a postcard寄明信片  spoil使索然无味的  Italy意大利 museum博物馆  public garden公共花园 lend借给 make a decision做决定 single唯一的

Postcards always spoil my holidays. Spoil：把什么事情搞糟糕。

如：Don’t spoil the pleasure. 别扫兴。

You should not spoil your child.你不应该惯孩子。Spoil：娇惯。

 I visited museums and sat in public gardens. Public gardens：公共花园。或Private gardens：私家花园。

 A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. A few words of Italian：几句意大利语。

如I’d like to say a few words on the topic：我将就这个话题再说几句。

   Can I have a word with you? 我能和你说句话吗？ Have a word是个固定的习惯用法，而不能说“Can I have few words with you?”

Then he lent me a book.  Lent：（别人）借给（你）。

Can I borrow some money from you?  Borrow：（向别人）借出，与“from”搭配使用。

如：Some people neither borrow nor lend. 一些人即不向别人借，也不借给别人。

 On the last day I made a big decision. Made decision：做决定。

“做决定”还可以说成：

Come to a decision

Arrive at a decision

Reach a decision

 I did not write a single card. Single：仅一个的。

如：There wasn’t a single person on the beach. 海滩上一个人也没有。

一个动词带双宾语的结构：

如：lend借给 sent寄给 give给 bring带来 get获得 make做，造 leave离去，剩下，留下 show给…看 

For example：

He lent me a book. 他借我一本书。本句中的me与book都是Lend的宾语。

He lent a book to me.他借一本书给我。

He sent me a card.他寄给我一张卡。

He sent a card to me 他寄一张卡给我。

Please give him another chance.请给他另一次机会。

Pleas give another chance to him.请给另一次机会予他。

He brought his son a present.他送他儿子一个礼物。

He brought a present for his son.他送一个礼物给他儿子。

Can you get me a few stamps?你能为我买几张邮票吗？

Can you get a few stamps for me?你能买几张邮票给我吗？

She made me a breakfast.她给我做了一份早餐。

She made a breakfast for me.她做了一份早餐给我。

His uncle left him some money.他叔叔留给他一些钱。

His uncle left some money to him.他叔叔留一些钱给他。

She showed her friends her new dress.她给她朋友展示她的新衣服。

She showed her new dress to her friends.她将她的新衣服展示给她朋友。

 Grammar in use：

1.      一般过去时（The simple past tense）与一般现在时

上一课的语法提到一般现在时可以表示习惯性或经常性的动作，在用一般现在时询问有关习惯的问题时可用ever。

一般过去时通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件，动作或情况。它通常指动作何时发生，而不指动作持续多久。因此，过去时与表明事情何时发生的状语连用是非常重要的。

如：Do you ever catch a cold in the winter?

    Yes, I caught a cold last winter.

    Do you ever play tennis at the weekend?

    Yes, I played tennis last weekend.

像last summer，last winter，last week，last night等这类状语只能与过去时连用，不能与现在时连用，因为它们确指过去的时间。

2.      直接宾语（Direct object）与间接宾语（Indirect object）

许多及物动词后可以有两个宾语，直接宾语通常是动作所涉及的事物，间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，通常是人。这类动词有give, show send, bring, lend tell, return, write, pay ,teach, make, buy find等。通常间接宾语在前，紧跟动词，不过，如想要强调直接宾语，也可将它置于动词之后，间接宾语之前，这时间接宾语之前则必须用介词to或for：

如：I bought David a book yesterday.

    I bought a book for David.

    Pamela sent Kate a letter last month.

    Pamela sent a letter to Kate last month.

    Robert gave his sister some money yesterday.

    Robert gave the money to his sister.

 

Summary writing:

 Answer these questions in not more than 50 words.

1.      Do postcards always spoil the writer’s holidays or not?~~ Yes, the postcards always spoilt the writer’s holidays.

2.      Where did he spend his holidays last summer?~~ He spend his holidays in Italy last summer.

3.      What did he think about every day? ~~He thought about postcards every day.

4.      Did he send any cards to his friends or not?~~ He didn’t send any cards to his friends.

5.      How many cards did he buy on the last day? ~~He bought thirty-seven card on the last day.

6.      Where did he stay all day?~~He stay at his room all day.

7.      Did he write any cards or not?~~He didn’t write a single card.

 The postcards always spoilt the writer’s holidays. He spends his holidays in Italy last summer. He thought about postcards every day. He didn’t send any cards to his friends. He bought thirty-seven cards on the last day. He stays at his room all day. He didn’t write a single card.

 

Key structures:

 Give the correct form of all the verbs in parentheses. Do not refer to the passage until you finish the exercise.

Last summer, I went（go） to lately. I visited（visit） museums and sat（sit） in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught（teach） me a few words of Italian. Then he lent（lend） me a book. I read（read） a few lines, but I didn’t（not understand） understand a word. Every day I thought（think） about postcards. My holidays passed（passed） quickly, but I didn’t（not send） send cards to my friends. On the last day, I made（make） a big decision. I got（get） up early and bought（by） thirty-seven cards. I spent（spend） the whole day in my room, but I didn’t（not write） write a single card!

 C Give the correct from of the verbs in parentheses in the passage below. Each verb must tell us what happened.

 My friend, Roy, died（die） last year. He left（leave） me his CD player and his collection of CDs, Roy spent（spend） a lot of money on CDs. He bought（buy） on or two new CDs every week. He never went（go） to the cinema or to the theatre. He stayed（stay） at home every evening and listened（listen） to music. He often lent（lend） CDs to his friends. Sometimes, they kept（keep） them. He lost（lost） many CDs in this way.

 

Special difficulties:

注：加to，表示动作对什么人而做。加for，表示动作为什么人而做。

如：Speak to you 我对你说。  Speak for you 我替你说或我代表你说。（刘怡春）

Write each of the following sentences in a different way:

1.      He paid the shopkeeper some money.~~ He paid some money to the shopkeeper.

2.      He handed me the prize.~~He handed the prize to me.

3.      The waiter brought a bottle of beer to the man.~~ The waiter brought the man a bottle of beer.

4.      He sold all his books to me.~~ He sold me all his books.

5.      The shop assistant found some curtain material for me.~~ The shop assistant found me some curtain material.

6.      He did me a big favour. He did a big favour for me.

7.      She showed her husband her new hat.~~ She showed her new hat to her husband.

8.      She promised a reward to the finder.~~ She promised the finder a reward.

9.      He gave his son some advice.~~ He gave some advice to his son.

10.  His uncle left him some money.~~ His uncle left some money to him.

11.  He is teaching English to us.~~ He is teaching us English.

12.  I bought this bunch of flowers for you.~~ I bought you this bunch of flowers.

13.  Bring that book to me please.~~ Bring me that book please.

14.  He offered me a cigarette.~~ He offered a cigarette to me.

15.  Read me the first paragraph. ~~Read the first paragraph to me.

16.  I’ve ordered some soup for you.~~ I’ve ordered you some soup.

17.  I owe him a lot of money.~~I owe a lot of money to him.

18.  Pass the mustard to you father.~~ Pass you father the mustard.

 Multiple choice questions:

 Comprehension:

1.      The writer doesn’t like writing postcards.

2.      What was the writer’s “big decision”? He decided to buy a lot of postcards.

 Structure:

3.      Last summer he went to Italy. He was in Italy last summer.

4.      Who taught him a few words of Italian? The waiter.

5.      He was a friendly waiter. He spoke to the writer in a friendly way.

6.      The writer read a few lines, but he didn’t understand a word.

7.      He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room all day.

 Vocabulary:

8.      A waiter usually works in a restaurant.

9.      The waiter lent him a book. He borrowed a book from the waiter.

10.  On the last day he made a big decision. It was the final day of his holiday.

11.  He made a big decision. He made up his mind.

12.  He didn’t write a single card. So he didn’t write even one.

 Sentence structure:

 Rewrite this sentence, then check your answer against the test.

I did not send my friends cards.

I did not send cards to my friends.