Unit 15 Learning  lesson 3虚拟语气的用法 导学案

高二英语    审核人：高二英语组  第五大周

学习目标：掌握虚拟语气在从句中的用法

学习方法：自主学习 合作探究  展示  点拨

一. 自主学习

wish 后宾语从句中的虚拟语气

请仔细观察下面3组含有wish的句子，注意黑体部分，并总结wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气的用法和从句中谓语动词的形式：

1. I wish I knew his address.     我真希望我知道他的地址。

(事实上我不知道他的地址。表示与现在事实相反的愿望。)

2.I wish the weather weren’t so cold. 要是天不那么冷就好了。

(事实上天气很冷。表示与现在事实相反的愿望。)

3． He wished that he hadn’t said that.   他真希望他当时没有那么说。

(但事实上他已经那么说了。表示与过去事实相反的愿望。)

4.I wish it would rain tomorrow.     我真希望明天会下雨。

（事实上明天不会下雨。表示与将来事实相反的愿望。）

5.I wish he could go with me.      我真希望他会和我一起去。

（事实上他不会和我一起去。表示与将来事实相反的愿望。）

　[及时总结]  

用法	谓语动词的形式
与现在事实相反	过去式(be动词通常用were)
与过去事实相反	过去完成式或could / would / might have + 过去分词
与将来事实相反	would / could / might等 + 动原

[练一练] 从所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

1.How I wish every family _____a large house with a beautiful garden!(2002 上海春)

A. has       B. had       C. will have     D. had had

2. I really wish such an argument _________ soon.

A. will stop     B. stopped    C. would stop    D. had stopped

3. I wish I __________ my uncle yesterday.

A. had met      B. would met    C. met        D. have met

4. — Have you ever been to Beijing?

— No, but I wish I _________.

A. have       B. will       C. do        D. had

二. 合作探究

第一部分：should have的用法

仔细阅读以下句子，体会should have done和shouldn’t have done在句中的意思。

1.I know that I wasn’t a willing student and I shouldn’t have been so difficult at school, but it was probably because I lacked confidence.

我上学时不是一个特别听话的学生， 我知道自己本来不该这么叛逆，但那也许是因为我缺乏自信。

2.He was very bright and should have done much better in all his other subjects.  他非常聪明，他本来应该能把其他所有的科目都学得更好。

3.The government should have put more money towards science education.       政府本应该给自然科学的教育多拨些经费。

[及时总结]

should have done表示本应该做某事却未做 = ought to have done

shouldn’t have done表示本不应该做某事却做了= oughtn’t to have done

[拓展]

结构	含义
may / might have done	可能会做某事
must have done	一定做过了某事
could have done	本可以做的事却没做

第二部分：虚拟语气在宾语、表语、同位语、主语从句中的用法

一个坚持insist       两个命令order，command

  四个建议suggest, propose, advise, recommend

五个要求demand, require, request, ask，desire

 由它们引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以(should) + 动原的形式出现。

1. I advised that you ___ the job as soon as possible .

     A finished   B  finishing   C to finish   D  finish

2 The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ___ be raised.

     A should    B would   C  must      D could

3.My father didn’t go to New York; the doctor suggested that he ____there.
     A. not went   B. won't go    C. not go     D. not to go

4.The teacher demanded that the exam ____ before eleven.

A. must finish     B. would be finished  

C. be finished     D. must be finished

5.The commander ordered that we _____ work.

    A. must finish    B. finished  C. should finish   D. could finish

但suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持说“之意时，应用陈述语气。

1. Jane’s pale face suggested that he ___ ill .

     A be         B was     C should be      D is

2. He insists he ______right.

     A. were       B. was     C. be        D. is

注：以上动词的名词形式用于同位语从句中，从句中的动词也是用“(should) + 动词原形”

即suggestion / proposal / order / / advice / request /demand  等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用 “should＋动词原形, should可以省略．

It is suggested/ordered / requested /proposed /demanded that从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略

考题点击

1.     His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable.

   A. try         B. tries    C. must try     D. can try

2. She made the demand that the journalists _____at once for Iraq.

     A. leave        B. leaving    C. left        D. to be left

3. We are in favor of your proposal that the meeting  ______.

    A. should be put off        B. was put off

    C. should put off          D. is to put off

虚拟语气在其他从句中

A. It is (high / about ) time that+ 主语+过去时／should +V原.

“到做……的时间了.”   注意:should不能省略．

e.g: 我们该去睡觉了。

It’s time that we went to bed.或 It’s time that we should go to bed.

1. It is high time the child ______ to the hospital.
  A. is sent   B. would be sent    C. must be sent  D. were sent

2. It’s high time they____________ this road.

  A. mend   B. mended      C. must have mended    D. will mend

B. If only 引导的感叹句   意思是 “要是……该有多好啊”

1. If only I _______(ask) the question now

2. If only I __________(see) the film yesterday!

3. If only I ________ driving before.  

 A. had learned    B. learned    C. learn     D. would learn

C. would rather that句型

与现在相反：谓语用过去时    与过去相反：谓语用过去完成时   

与将来相反：谓语用过去时

e.g: I would rather you paid me now.

I would rather you had gone, too

Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.

三.课堂检测

 单项选择：

1. If I   you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.

      A. be     B. was    C. were    D. am 

2.     today, would we be able to get there by Tuesday?

      A. Were we leaving        B. If we leave

      C. Would we leave         D. Were we to leave 

3.  If Jone    tomorrow, what would you do?

     A. were not to come         B. will not come

    C. would not come          D. had not come 

4. “She didn't ask me, so I didn't help her?”

“You mean to say    , you would've helped her ?”

A. if she asked you       B. if she were to ask you

C. had she asked you      C. were she to ask you 

5. If they had known him,     to him?

    A. would they have talked      B. would they talk 

  C. had they talked             D. they would talk 

6. I would have gone to the concert, if I   time.

    A. had had    B. have had   C. had    D. would have had 

7.    I known it, I would have told you.

    A. Have    B. If    C. Had    D. Having 

8.     your help, I would not have succeeded.

    A. Because    B. Because of     C. But    D. But for 

9. “Who should go to see Li Ying? He is ill today.”

   “I suggest Wang Hong    .”

A. goes     B. would go    C. go    D. went 

10. The housemaster was strict. He requested that we    television on week nights.

A. not watch             B. must not to watch 

  C. not be watching        D. have not watch 

11. I can't speak Japanese, but I do wish I    .

    A. can     B. could    C. had     D. speak 

12. “Are you enjoying your stay here?’

“Yes, very much. I wish I    have to leave so soon.”

A. won't     B. don't    C. mustn't    D. didn't 

13. “What will you do during the summer holidays?”

“I don't know, but it's about time     on something.”

     A. I'm deciding   B. I'll decide   C. I decided   D. I'd decided 

14. I'd rather you     anything about it for the time being.

     A. say     B. didn't say   C. don't say    D. not say 

15. “Why do you have to be there at six?”   “The teacher demands that everyone    in his seat at six.”

     A. would be    B. can be     C. be    D. will be 

16. There was a suggestion by the teachers that the meeting     postponed for a week.

      A. had been    B. would be    C. was     D. should be 

17. The manager would rather that his wife     work in the same office as he does.

     A. does not     B. did not    C. would not    D. will not 

18. The teacher insisted that we all      back by two o'clock.

     A. be      B. to be      C. would be      D. shall be 

19. I didn't go to the football match, but I do wish I     there.

     A. went      B. was     C. were      D. had been 

20. It is high time we     drug trafficking.(贩毒)

     A. did away with           B. do away with 

     C. did away               D. do away

四. 随堂反馈

进一步巩固所学知识，紧扣本节目标，查漏补缺

五．课后作业     

   整理学习报告