增强文章表达效果的几种有效方法
要想在英语书面表达中获得高分,除了要点全、语法正、表达准、结构整、逻样顺、卷面洁外,还要尽可能使用一些有效的短语或句式来增强文章的可读性,提高文章的档次,博取阅读老师的好感.更重要的是,有效语言的使用还能增强文章的连贯性、语言的准确性和短文的可读性,使文章具有较强的美感.下面的几种有效表达方式可以增强文章的可读性。
一、写好开篇交代句和末尾总结句,加强文章的前后照应
照应是增强文章可读性的重要环节,写好开篇交代句和结尾总结句,做到首尾呼应、前后相连,可以为文章增色.
写开篇交代句时因全文尚未铺开,详细内容尚未介绍,因此可以写得笼统一些,但结尾总结句是在全文详细内容介绍后作出的总结,应当具体一点.
如人物介绍式书面表达开篇交代句可笼统写成:Li Ping is a middle school student of
sixteen.末尾总结句则应较为详细地写成:Such is Li Ping, a clever and kind
boy.单位介绍式书面表达开篇交代句可笼统写成刃urs school is a large
school.末尾总结句应较为详细地写成:Such is our shool, afamous and successful
one.
二、写好常识性语句,增强文章的连贯性
不少书面表达需要使用常识性语句,这些语句虽然原材料中没有反映,但仍很重要,对增强文章的可读性很有好处.写参观欢迎词时,开头部分可使用常识性语句:You
are welcome to visit our city./Let meintroduce something about our
school to you.结尾部分可用:I’m sure you’ll have a pleasant journey.
That’s all,thank you.写单位介‘绍时,开头部分可使用常识性语句:Now;I’d like to introduce
something about our school to you.写信时可在结尾部分使用常识性语句:Please give my
best regards/ love/wishes to 'your parents. I hope to hear from you
soon./Waiting for your early reply.
三、巧用过渡性词汇,增强文章的逻辑性I
为了增强文章的逻样性,同学们应学会使用过渡性词汇,因为过渡性词汇可使文章更紧凑,上下文更连贯,逻样性更强.同学们除了掌握足够的表示各种逻辉关系的连词之外,还应特别注意使用表示因果关系的thanks
to, as a result, owing to, due to;表示并列关系的as well as, at the same
time,meanwhile,besides;表示对称关系的on one hand…on the other hand,for one
thing , and for another thing;表示递进关系的What’s more,moreover,what’s
worse,worse still;表示观点性或结论性的in my opinion,in a word,in conclusion
,as a whole;过渡性插入语as we all know,as far as I know,as far as I’m
concerned,in a way.
这些过渡性词汇使用场合较为广泛,只要同学们掌握其使用特点,并增强使用意识,在不少场合都可以有选择性地将其派上用场,为增加书面表达得分起到作用.
四、巧用高级用法.提高文章的表达档次
同学们应掌握一些表达效果好、使用场合广、操作简便的较高级用法.如:现在分词作状语,强调句,感叹句,with复合结构,定语从句,名词性从句,倒装句等.这些句型的表达效果不错,只要同学们恰到好处地加以使用,一定能为文章增添风采.
1、倒装句:只要句中有介词短语或状语从句,便可将其提前,变成倒装句.
Only by this means can he escape from the big fire.
2、强调句:可以轻松地强调主语、状语等把句子转变为强调句.
It was not until I arrived home that I realized I had left the bag
in the shop.
3、
with引导的伴随结构:可以将状语从句或并列句中的其中一个分句变成with结构.
With the sun shining brightly and the birdssinging clearly,we
played happily in the park.
4、巧妙地使用非谓语动词:可以将状语从句或并列的动词简化为非谓语动词.
Hearing that,the driver’s wife added that her husband often talked
nonsense after drinking.
5、恰到好处的被动句:适合应用于较简短的句子,这样显得语言简洁生动.
I
searched all my pockets,but nothing was found:
6、感反句:通常用于开头或结尾活跃文章气氛.
How terrible I felt today!I failed again in the maths
exam
7、定语从句:若定语从句中的动词带有介词,只需将介词移至先行词后.
We
came to a place to which they had never paid a visit
before.
8、婉转表达:需要使用幽默的技巧,主要用于漫画型作文题.
I
could find nothing but bad luck when I returned to the shop after
learning that my handbag had been left on the counter.
9、
what引导的名词性从句:将动宾结构转化为此结构.
What he gave me was not only a Christmas present but also a heart
full of love.
10“数词+名词”变为“as many as+数词 +名词”
As many as ten
years ago,my hometown was covered by forests.
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