前元音、中元音和后元音
(2015-07-11 16:38:36)
标签:
佛学 |
分类: 宝宝学习 |
元音分类1:
前元音、中元音和后元音
根据元音发音过程中舌头在口腔中抬起的部位不同,我们可以把元音分为前元音、中元音和后元音。
(1) Front(前元音)4
The front vowels in English are the vowels that are articulated near the front of the oral cavity, such as:
发前元音时,发音部位靠近口腔前部。例如:
1./i:/
前、高、不圆唇、长元音;
3./e/ 前、半高、不圆唇、短元音; 4. /æ/ 前、低、不圆唇、短元音.
(2) Central(中元音)2
The central vowels in English are the vowels that are articulated near the center of the vocal cavity, such as:
发央元音时,发音部位靠近口腔中ә部。例如:
1./ә/ 中、半高、不圆唇、长元音; 2. /ә:/ 中、半低、不圆唇、短元音.
(3) Back(后元音)6
The back vowels in English are the vowels that are articulated near the rear of the vocal cavity, such as:
发后元音时,发音部位靠近口前后部。例如:
1./u/
后、高、圆唇、短元音;
3./ɔ/
后、低、圆唇、短元音;
5./Λ/ 后、半低、不圆唇、短元音; 6./a:/ 后、低、不圆唇、长元音.
单元音和双元音
根据元音的构成要素,我们可以把元音分为12个单元音(monophthongs)和8个双元音(Diphthongs)。
In articulating a Diphthong,the vowel-sound glides from one vowel to another, such as:
发双元音时,从一个元音滑向另一个元音。例如:
1. /ei/ gay;
5. /ɔi/ boy;
In articulating a Monophthong, the vowel-sound doesn’t change in quality throughout the course of a syllable. The other vowels in English are relatively Monophthongs.
发单元音时,在一个音节的发音过程中不改变音质。英语中其他元音均为单元音。例如:
1. /i:/ bee;
5. /Λ/ but;
9. /u/ look;
长元音和短元音:
根据元音的发音长短,我们可以把元音分为长元音和短元音。
In articulating a short vowel, the vowel-sound is sustained a short duration, such as:
发短元音时,声音持续时间较短。例如:
1. /i/ pig;
5. /Λ/ mud;
In articulating a long vowel, the vowel-sound is sustained a long duration. The other vowels in English are relatively long.
发长元音时,声音持续时间较长。英语中其他元音均为长元音。例如:
1. /i:/ bee;
辅音:
(辅音分类1)清辅音和浊辅音:
根据声带的振动情况,我们可以把辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音。
清辅音(unvoiced consonants)
In articulating an unvoiced consonant, the vocal cords are not vibrating, such as:
发清辅音时,声带不震动。例如:
1. /p/ put
5. /s/ sad
9. /h/ have
浊辅音(voiced consonants)
In articulating a voiced consonant, the vocal cords are vibrating, such as:
发浊辅音时,声带震动。例如:
1. /b/ bar
5. /z/ aoo
9. /w/ wait
13. /l/ late
17. /dz/ cards