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i'm sure   否定转移高考考点

(2012-05-02 22:57:48)
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教育

分类: 语法

否定转移高考考点

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_517cdfbb0100k2sj.html

反意疑问句,也叫附加疑问句,是一种常用的疑问形式,也是高考重点考查的语法项目之一。一般来讲,在反意疑问句中如果前面的陈述部分用肯定形式,反意疑问句部分要用否定形式;若前面部分为否定形式,则后面问句部分要用肯定形式。

  纵观近年的高考试题,反意疑问句主要涉及以下几个考点。

  

  一、 考查反意疑问句的主语一致

  

  1 陈述句如果是there be ... 句型,则反意疑问句部份要用... there形式(而不用itthey)以与前面的陈述句保持一致。

  考题1 Theres not much news in todays paper, ___________? (1981全国)

  A. isnt it B. are there

  C. is there D. arent there

  考题2 There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, _____________? 2005上海)

  A. wasnt there B. was there

  C. didnt it D. did it

  2 陈述句的主语如果是thisthat,不定式短语、名词、名词短语、动名词短语或从句,则反意疑问句中的主语要用it;陈述句的主语是thesethose时,反意疑问句的主语用they

  考题3 Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal,________? (2004上海)

  A. isnt it B. is it

  C. isnt he D. is he

  解析: A。句中的主语是Bills aim,应选择isnt it与此对应。

  3 陈述句的主语如果是everyone (everybody), someone(somebody), anyone (anybody), no one, nobody, 则反意疑问句通常使用they

  考题4 I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, ___________?(2001上海)

  A. do I B. dont I

  C. will they D. wont they

  解析: C。句中的主语是anyone并且考虑否定转移,则选择will they与此对应。

  4 陈述部分以lets开头表示建议或请求,反意疑问句部分用shall we;当陈述部分以let us(me)开头,其含义是allow us / me to do something,即不包括听话人在内,反意疑问句部分用will you

  考题5 Its a fine day. Lets go fishing,___________ ?(1990全国)

  A. wont we B. will we

  C. dont we D. shall we

  考题6 We forgot to bring out tickets, but please let us enter, __________ ?(2006全国Ⅱ)

  A. do you B. can we

  C. will you D. shall we

  考题7 If you want helpmoney or anything, let me know,_____________ you? (2003上海春)

  A. dontB. willC. shallD. do

  

  二、 考查否定转移句的反意疑问句

  

  反意疑问句通常要重复复合句中的主语,但在主句中如果含有 think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine, fancy be sure 等动词,并且后面接宾语从句构成复合句时,其反意疑问句有两种不同的构成方式。

  1 当主句的主语为第一人称时,其反意疑问句部分的主语与宾语从句保持一致(这时应特别注意否定转移)。

  考题8 Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus,_________B__ ? (2006福建)

  A. hadnt you B. wouldnt you

  C. arent I D. didnt she

  考题9 I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,___________? (2001上海)

  A. do I B. dont I

  C. will they D. wont they

  2 当主句的主语为第二、第三人称时,其后面的反意疑问句则应与主句的主语一致。

  考题10 Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_________ ? (2002上海)

  A. is he B. isnt he

  C. doesnt she D. does she

(答:D  解析:因为主句是否定句,其主语是Mrs Black, 所以它的反意疑问句是does she. 在含有宾语从句的句子中,除第一人称外,要根据其主句的主语确定反意疑问句。答案为D.

拓展:

如果陈述句是含有宾语从句的复合句式,反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要与主句保持一致。例如:

  He never said that he would come, did he?

  I told that not everyone could do it, didn't I?

  但是,如果陈述句是“I don't think (believe, suppose, imagine)含有宾语从句的复合句式”,反意疑问句的主语以及谓语动词的人称、数、时态通常要和从句保持一致,并且要用肯定式。例如:

I don't think the lady can complete the difficult job alone, can she?

I don't believe he knows it, does he? )

  

  三、 考查反意疑问句的助动词

  

  1 反意疑问句是由助动词和代词构成。使用助动词的一般原则是:使用陈述句中的助动词或连系动词be 如果陈述句中没有助动词,则应添加一个助动词do(does, did)

  考题11 Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,_________ she? (2006广东)

  A. had B. did C. hadnt D. didnt

  解析: D had为实义动词,借助助动词do,又因为the day before yesterday为过去时,因此选择didnt

  考题12 His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, _____ she?(1994上海)

   A. did B. had C. didnt D. hadnt

  解析: C。分析同上。

  考题13 You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday,__________?(2004上海)

 A. had you B. hadnt you

  C. did you D. didnt you

  解析: D。此题考查have的反意疑问句。 have作实义动词,have something done意为“请某人做某事”,因此要借助助动词do

  2 陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果强调对过去情况的推测(句中有过去的时间状语),反意疑问句根据动词用 didnt / wasnt / werent +主语。陈述句中谓语动词是must have done时,如果只强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用havent / hasnt +主语。

  考题14 There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?(2004上海春)

  A. didnt they B. dont they

  C. mustnt they D. havent they

  解析: D。句中谓语动词must have gone强调动作的完成,反意疑问句用havent + 主语。

  

  四、 考查含否定副词陈述句的反意疑问句

  

  陈述部分含有littlefewneverhardlyseldom等否定意义的副词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。

  考题15 She never tells a lie, _________ ? (1984全国)

  A. does she B. doesnt she

  C. does not she D. isnt it

  

  五、 考查祈使句的反意疑问句

  

  祈使句为肯定句时,反意疑问句可使用will you / wont you, can you / cant you;祈使句为否定句时,反意疑问句用will you / can you

  考题16 Alice, you feed the bird today,_________?

  —But I fed it yesterday. (1999全国)

  A. do you B. will you

  C. didnt you D. dont you

  考题17 Be sure to write to us,__________? (1993全国)

  A. will you B. wont you

  C. can you D. mustnt you

   考题18 When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf,_________? (2007北京)

  A. do you B. dont you

  C. will you D. wont you

  

  六、 考查反意疑问句的回答

  

  对反意疑问句的回答,应依照事实回答。如果事实是肯定的,就用yes回答;如果事实是否定的,就用no回答。当陈述部分为肯定句,疑问部分为否定句时,其回答yesno与汉语基本一致;但当陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yesno与汉语正好相反。这时省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。

  【考题回放】

  考题19 Write to me when you get home.

  —I ___________.(2001全国)

  A. must B. shouldC. willD. can

  解析: C。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?回答部分则用(Yes I will. (No) I wont.

  考题20

  —Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.

  —_____________ . (1994全国)

  A. I dont B. I wont

  C. I cant D. I havent

  解析: B。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I wont,表示“是的,我不会忘记的”。

  考题21

  —Mr. Gordan asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it!

  —Ok, I _____________ . (2006重庆)

  A. wont B. dont C. will D. do

  解析: A。反意疑问句部分一般用will you?,回答部分则用(No) I wont,表示“是的,我不会的”。

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