TheRapeofLucrece《鲁克瑞丝遭强暴记》(1-63)【英】莎士比亚
(2010-12-14 00:25:56)
标签:
杂谈 |
分类: 英文长诗精译 |
(原诗265节x7=1,855行,属五步抑扬格,王韵ABABBCC;拙译每行10字,以5a+2b韵或全韵谐之。—欢迎针砭!)
To the 呈
Right Honorable Henry
Wriothesly
Earl of Southampton, and Baron of
Tichfield
whom I wish long life, still lengthened with all
happiness.恭祝大人福绵寿永。
译注:*无头的小册子-综观此叙事长诗来看,其所附梗概之前三分之一篇幅的背景叙说,确未于诗中吟述。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
献与扫桑普顿伯爵兼提齐菲尔男爵
亨利·娄赛斯雷阁下
我对阁下的敬爱是没有止境的;这本没有头绪的小书,只显示这种敬爱流露出来的一小部分而已。是您高贵的秉性,而不是这些鄙俚诗句的价值,保证拙作得蒙嘉纳。我已做的一切属于您;我该做的一切属于您;凡为我所有者,也就必定属于您。我若更有才能,我对您也会更有价值;目前,却只能照现有的情况,将这一切奉献给阁下。谨祝阁下延年益寿,福祚绵绵。
[附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
献给
骚桑普顿伯爵兼蒂奇菲尔德
男爵亨利·娄赛斯雷阁下
译注: *路谢斯·塔昆涅斯(Lucius Tarquinius)-诗中反角塔昆(Tarquin)之父。
********帕布留斯·维勒柔斯(Publius Valerius)-诗中并未提及此人。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
故事梗概*
路修斯·塔昆纽斯①(他由于极端倨傲,被称为“塔昆纽斯·苏佩布斯”②)用凶残手段将其岳父塞维乌斯·图琉斯置于死地之后,违反罗马的法律和常规,不曾征得或俟得人民的同意,径自攫取了王位。后来,他率领诸王子和罗马其他贵族,去围攻阿狄亚城③。在攻城战役中,一天晚上,罗马众将领在王子塞克斯图斯·塔昆纽斯的营帐里聚会;晚饭后闲谈时,每人都夸耀自己夫人的美德,其中柯拉廷努斯④更盛赞其妻鲁克丽丝贞淑无比。在这种愉快心情里,他们并辔向罗马疾驰,意欲借此意外的突然到达,来验证各自的夫人对这种赞誉是否当之无愧。结果发现:惟独柯拉廷努斯的妻子深夜仍率侍女纺绩,其他贵妇则正在跳舞、饮宴或嬉游。于是众贵族一致承认了柯拉廷努斯的优胜,一致首肯了他的夫人的令名。这时,塞克斯图斯·塔昆纽斯已因鲁克丽丝的美貌而动心,但暂时遏制欲念,偕众人返回军营;不久,他就私自离开营地,来到柯拉廷城堡⑤,凭他王子的身份,受到鲁克丽丝优渥的款待,并在城堡中留宿。当夜,他背信弃义地潜入鲁克丽丝的卧室,强暴地污辱了她,而于翌日凌晨仓皇遁去。鲁克丽丝悲恸欲绝,火速派遣两名信差,其一到罗马去请她父亲,其二到军营去请柯拉廷。
他们两个,一个由裘涅斯·勃鲁托斯⑥陪同,另一个由浦布琉斯·瓦勒柔斯⑦陪同,来到城堡,发现鲁克丽丝披着丧服,便惊问她悲痛的原因。她首先叫他们立誓为她复仇,然后揭露了罪犯的名字及其罪行,接着便猝然举刀自杀。在场的人们目睹这一惨变,便一致宣誓:要把十恶不赦的塔昆家族一举攘除。他们抬着死者的尸身来到罗马,由勃鲁托斯将这一惨祸的祸首及其罪行告知人民,并严厉抨击国王的暴政。罗马人民怒不可遏,经口头表决,一致同意将塔昆家族的人尽行放逐,国政遂由国王转入执政官之手。
-杨译本注: |
|
[附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
故事梗概
鲁歇斯·塔昆涅斯[1](由于他过于骄横,人们给起了个“苏伯勃斯[2]”的绰号)导致其岳父塞维斯·图勒斯惨遭杀害以后,又违背罗马的法律和惯例,既不征求也不等候人民的同意,便擅自攫取王位,并率其子和罗马的其他贵族,去围攻阿狄亚城。在此次战役中,罗马军队的主要将领有天晚上聚集在国王的儿子塞克斯特斯·塔昆涅斯的账逢里,饭后大伙闲谈,各自称颂其妻的美德。其中,科拉丁则盛赞自己的妻子鲁克丽丝贞淑无比。就在这种欢快的气氛中,他们骑马向罗马疾驰,意欲通过秘密而突然的拜访,以验证各自所夸耀的妻子的贤德是否属实。结果只有科拉丁纳斯发现自己的妻子(虽然已是深夜)坐在侍女中间纺线;其他妇人都在跳舞取乐或从事其他的娱乐活动。于是,众贵族承认科拉丁纳斯获胜,其妻无愧于贞淑之令名。而此时,塞克斯特斯·塔昆涅斯已因鲁克丽丝的美貌而动心,但他暂时抑制欲火,随众人一道返回军营;不久,他悄悄离开营地,来到科拉廷[3],凭着自己的身份,受到鲁克丽丝的盛情款待,并留宿她家。当天晚上,他用心险恶地潜入她的卧室,用暴力奸污了她,并于第二天凌晨匆匆逃离。鲁克丽丝在极度的悲痛中火速派出两个信差,一个去罗马请她的父亲,另一个去军营召回科拉丁。他们如期而至,一个由朱涅斯·布鲁托斯[4]陪同,另一个由帕勃律斯·凡勒律斯[5]陪同;他们发现鲁克丽丝身着丧服,便询问她悲痛的原因。她首先要他们发誓为她报仇,然后披露罪犯的名字和他作恶的全过程,紧接着便突然举刀自杀。真相大白后,他们于是全体发誓彻底清除可恶的塔昆涅斯家族。他们抬着尸体来到罗马,布鲁托斯将肇事者及其卑劣行径昭示于人民,并强烈抨击国王的暴政。全国人民大为震惊,一致主张流放塔昆家族,国家政权从此由国王转入执政官之手。
-陈译本注:
[1] 罗马王政时代最后一位国王。 [2] 苏伯勃斯(Superbus),意为“狂妄自大”。 [3] 科拉廷(Collatium)城市名,位于罗马东十英里。 [4] 裘涅斯·布鲁托斯,罗马贵族。他的兄弟被鲁歇斯·塔昆涅斯所杀;为避杀身之祸,他一直伪装痴呆。 [5] 帕勃律斯·凡勒律斯,罗马贵族。科拉丁退隐后,曾任执政官。
1.
From the besieged Ardea all in post,自围城阿狄艾匆匆离开,
Borne by the trustless wings of false desire,塔昆从罗马军营中溜差,
Lust-breathed Tarquin leaves the Roman host,背信的飞翼将邪念承载,
And to Collatium bears the lightless fire他胸中的欲火闷烧难耐,
Which, in pale embers hid, lurks to aspire余烬不熄,去柯拉亭邸宅,
And girdle with embracing flames the waist渴望以火热激情去搂抱-
Of Collatine's fair love, Lucrece the chaste.柯拉亭贞淑爱妻的蛮腰。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
淫念熏心的塔昆,从罗马军营溜号, 欲火中烧的塔昆急急离开军营,
不可凭恃的邪欲,举双翼将他引导;
【似缺漏一行】
他急急忙忙赶路,揣着无光的火苗—
这火苗藏在灰烬里,只等时机一到,
会燃起烈焰一团,前去紧紧环抱
柯拉廷贞淑的妻子—鲁克丽丝的纤腰。
Haply that name of "chaste" unhapp'ly
set
This bateless edge on his keen
appetite;
When Collatine unwisely did not
let
To praise the clear unmatched red and
white
Which triumphed in that sky of his
delight,
Where mortal stars, as bright as heaven's beauties,世上的明星,亮丽如天人,
With pure aspects did him peculiar
duties.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
也许,偏偏不幸,正是这“贞淑”的美名
勾起了塔昆的情欲,犹如给利刀添刃;
只因不智的柯拉廷,不应该百般赞[颂]
是何种无与伦比的,明丽的嫩白与嫣[红]
显耀在她的脸上—那是他仰慕的天[穹];
那儿,伊人的星眸,亮似天国的银星,
以冰清玉洁的柔辉,向他效忠致敬。
For he the night before, in Tarquin's
tent,
Unlocked the treasure of his happy
state:
What priceless wealth the heavens had him lent上苍赐予他无价的财富-
In the possession of his beauteous
mate;
Reck'ning his fortune at such high proud rate,他志得意满,夸耀着运数,
That kings might be espoused to more
fame,
But king nor peer to such a peerless
dame.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
只因前一天夜晚,在塔昆王子的帐幕,
他不该向众人揭示他所享有的艳福,
说是上天赐予他无比珍贵的财富—
与这美貌的淑女,结成美满的眷属;
他矜夸他的幸运,口气高傲而自负,
说是帝王贵胄们尽管威名卓著,
他们却休想匹配这位无匹的仙姝。
O happiness enjoyed but of a
few,
And if possessed, as soon decayed and done
As is the morning's silver-melting
dew
Against the golden splendor of the
sun!
An expired date, cancelled ere well
begun.
Honour and beauty, in the owner's
arms,
Are weakly fortressed from a world of harms.保护不力,怎敌伤害重重!
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
世间有几个幸运儿,曾尽情享受欢悦!
即使让人享有了,欢悦也易于幻灭,
急遽有如清晓一珠珠银白的露液,
在骄阳金辉凌迫下,消失得不知不觉。
还未曾好好开始,便只得草草了结。
淑女的丽质荣名,托庇于主人的肘腋,
未免防护欠周,难抵挡万般罪孽。
Beauty itself doth of itself
persuade
The eyes of men without an
orator.
What needeth then apologies be made
To set forth that which is so singular?
Or why is Collatine the
publisher
Of that rich jewel he should keep unknown 以防那些贼溜溜的耳朵,
From thievish ears, because it is his own?柯拉亭又何苦炫耀散播?
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
不需滔滔的辩才,不需娓娓的谈吐,
“美”本身自有权威,把睽睽众目说服;
那么,柯拉廷又何苦喋喋不休地申述,
在稠人广众之间,赞颂那无双的宝物?
既然那稀世之珍,是他独占的财富,
就应该深藏不露,谨防觊觎的耳目,
为什么它的主公,偏将它广为传布?
Perchance his boast of Lucrece'
sovereignty
Suggested this proud issue of a
king;
For by our ears our hearts oft tainted
be.
Perchance that envy of so rich a
thing,
Braving compare, disdainfully did
sting
His high-pitched thoughts, that meaner men should vaunt下属的夸耀,触痛其高调-
That golden hap which their superiors want.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
他自夸艳福无比—做鲁克丽丝的主君,
也许,这恰恰怂恿了倨傲的王子塔昆;
人们邪念的萌动,往往导源于耳闻;
也许,由于这王子艳羡这异宝奇珍,
无情的对比刺痛了他那高傲的自尊—
品位较低的臣属,竟能够夸耀他们
享有他们的尊长也不曾享有的福分。
But some untimely thought did
instigate
His all too timeless speed, if none of
those.
His honour, his affairs, his friends, his
state,
Neglected all, with swift intent he
goes
To quench the coal which in his liver
glows.
Thy hasty spring still blasts, and ne'er grows old!你匆匆萌芽,必无以终老!
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
若不是这些缘由,必另有非分的念头
暗地里挑逗指使,促成这鲁莽的步骤: 使他变得利令智昏,仓猝奔走。
把他的显赫地位、荣誉、功业、亲友, 他已把荣誉、国务、朋友和声望
为平息炽烈的情欲,急切地求索不休。
这轻狂欲念的热焰,会卷入悔恨的寒流,
过早的萌芽会凋萎,永没有长大的时候!
When at Collatium this false lord
arrived,
Well was he welcomed by the Roman
dame,
Within whose face Beauty and Virtue
strived
Which of them both should underprop her
fame.
When Virtue bragged, Beauty would blush for shame; 德自夸时,美之娇羞浮映;
When Beauty boasted blushes, in despite
Virtue would stain that o'er with silver white.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
这王子来到城堡,来到柯拉廷邸宅,
受到了鲁克丽丝殷勤优渥的接待;
只见她的面颊间,“美”与“德”互相比赛,
争辩着:她的声誉,是靠谁撑举起来;
当“德”自鸣得意,“美”就羞红了脸腮;
当“美”嫣然炫耀那一片绯红的霞彩,
“德”就轻蔑地涂染它,给它抹一层银白。
But beauty, in that white
intituled,
From Venus' doves doth challenge that fair
field;
Then Virtue claims from Beauty Beauty's
red,
Which Virtue gave the Golden Age to
gild
Their silver cheeks, and called it then their shield,用以护颊,为银白作修饰;
When shame assail'd, the red should fence the white. 红要保护白,-当羞辱袭扰。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
说“德”占有的白色,应该归“美”所有; 并声称白色本来就是美的财[产];
对“美”占有的红颜,“德”也提出要求, 紧接着德又对红颜提出异[议]:
说红颜本来属于“德”,由“德”亲手传授 早在黄金时代,德就用红色来化妆
给芳华盛放的少女,让两颊红白相糅, 少女白色的脸颊,称它为护身屏障,
让红颜充当金盾,当羞辱来犯的时候,
它就要挺身防守,把白色掩护在身后。
This heraldry in Lucrece' face was
seen,
Argued by Beauty's red and Virtue's
white;
Of either's colour was the other
queen,
Proving from world's minority their
right.
Yet their ambition makes them still to fight,它俩心高气盛,老在争抢,
The sovereignty of either being so great
That oft they interchange each other's seat. 攻防转换,时而互占交椅。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“德”的莹洁的白色,“美”的浓艳的红装,
在鲁克丽丝脸上,勾出瑰丽的纹章;
红颜、白色都争做两种颜色的女王,
为证明它们的权柄,追溯到远古洪荒。
争夺王位的雄心,使它们互不相让;
双方威力都强大,真个是旗鼓相当,
时而这一方占先,时而那一方居上。
Their silent war of lilies and of
roses,
Which Tarquin view'd in her fair face's
field,
In their pure ranks his traitor eye
encloses;
Where, lest between them both it should be killed,红白之对阵中唯恐丧生,
The coward captive vanquished doth
yield
To those two armies that would let him
go
Rather than triumph in so false a
foe.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
塔昆仿佛瞧见了:百合与玫瑰的兵丁⑨
以她的秀颊为战场,进行着无声的战争;
这两支纯正的队伍,围住他奸邪的眼睛;
在两军对垒之中,惟恐丢失了性命,
这卑怯败北的俘虏,向两军屈服投诚;⑩
它们发现擒获的是一个冒牌的谬种,
宁可将它放走,也不愿奏凯庆功。
Now thinks he that her husband's shallow tongue,
The niggard prodigal that praised her
so,
In that high task hath done her beauty
wrong,
Which far exceeds his barren skill to
show.
Therefore that praise which Collatine doth
owe
Enchanted Tarquin answers with
surmise,
In silent wonder of still-gazing
eyes.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
这时他不禁想起:她丈夫的俗调凡腔,
虽盛赞她的美貌,其实是将她诬枉;
有如悭吝的浪子,难将这重任承当,
他那贫乏的口才,远不配将她颂扬。
对这丽质的礼赞,柯拉廷亏下的欠账,
心神眩惑的塔昆,用玄思遐想来补偿,
他睁着惊奇的两眼,张口结舌地凝望。
This earthly saint, adored by this
devil,
Little suspecteth the false
worshipper;
For unstained thoughts do seldom dream on evil;头脑单纯,罪恶几不梦及;
Birds never limed no secret bushes
fear.
So guiltless she securely gives good
cheer
And reverend welcome to her princely
guest,
Whose inward ill no outward harm
expressed;
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
这位人间的圣徒,受到这魔鬼的崇奉, 被这恶魔崇拜的人间圣者,
对这伪善的朝拜者,不曾有些许疑心; 一点也不怀疑虚伪的奸人,
纯净无瑕的心灵,难得做一场噩梦, 纯洁的心灵做梦也见不到罪恶;
没上过当的鸟雀,不惧怕诡秘的幽林; 没栽过陷阱的鸟不惧诡秘的丛林。
无邪的鲁克丽丝,安心接待了贵宾, 清白无辜的她未有丝毫戒心,
以殷勤和悦的风度,向王子表示欢迎; 她对贵客和颜悦色、盛情迎迓,
他外貌温文有礼,看不出内心奸佞。
For that he colored with his high
estate,
Hiding base sin in plaits of
majesty;
That nothing in him seemed
inordinate,
Save something too much wonder of his
eye,
Which, having all, all could not
satisfy;
But, poorly rich, so wanteth in his
store,
That, cloyed with much, he pineth still for more.多得腻饱了,他依然想要。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
他用尊贵的身份,掩饰歹恶的心机,
将他卑劣的罪孽,藏入威严的外衣;
他不曾显露什么逾越礼法的形迹,
只除了有时眼睛里流露过多的惊奇;
眼睛已享有一切,仍未能餍足心意;
虽豪富却又似贫穷,贪欲永远无底,
攫取的已经太多,仍渴求更多的东西。
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
他用高贵的身份把自己伪装,
让威严把内心的罪恶层层遮掩,
看不出他的举动有越轨的迹象,
只时或转动着极度惊奇的两眼,
饱览了一切,却还是贪得无厌;
像个赤贫的富豪,他求索不休,
享有的太多,却渴望更加富有。
15.
But she, that never coped with stranger
eyes,
Could pick no meaning from their parling
looks,
Nor read the subtle-shining
secrecies
Writ in the glassy margents of such
books.
She touched no unknown baits, nor feared no hooks;未接触诱饵,怎担心钓钩?
Nor could she moralize his wanton
sight,
More than his eyes were opened to the
light.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
但她从未遭遇过陌生人目光的窥伺,
从含情欲语的双眸,看不出任何暗示;
这一本奇异的图书,书页边写有注释,⑾
而她却不曾领悟那幽微闪烁的奥旨;
她全未虑及钓钩,她从未触及诱[饵];
她只见塔昆的两眼,在天光白日中注视,
那轻狂目光的含意,她却茫然不知。
He stories to her ears her husband's
fame,
Won in the fields of fruitful
Italy;
And decks with praises Collatine's high
name,
Made glorious by his manly
chivalry,
With bruised arms and wreaths of
victory.
Her joy with heaved-up hand she doth
express,
And, wordless so greets heaven for his success.为丈夫的成就默谢上帝。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
他向她耳边述说:意大利这片沃土上,
她丈夫战功赫赫,博得了新的荣光;
他用谀词来赞美柯拉廷崇高的声望,
说他的勇武气概,更使他威名远扬,
头戴胜利的花冠,身披受创的戎装;
她听了,把手儿举起,表达内心的欢畅,
为他的这番成就,默默地祝谢上苍。
Far from the purpose of his coming hither
He makes excuses for his being
there.
No cloudy show of stormy blustering weather在他那白净的眉宇额际,
Doth yet in his fair welkin on
Till sable Night, mother of dread and fear,直到恐惧之母-夜幕垂地,
Upon the world dim darkness doth display 将世界覆罩在晦黯之中,
And in her vaulty prison stows the
day.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
塔昆不动声色,隐藏起真实图谋,
信口胡诌了一篇前来造访的借口;
在他晴朗的天空里,始终也不曾闪露
预示风暴将临的阴霾滚滚的征候;
直到浓黑的夜晚—恐怖和畏惧的母后,
舒展晦冥的暗影,覆罩无垠的宇宙,
在穹窿为顶的狱里,把天光白日幽囚。
For then is Tarquin brought unto his
bed,
Intending weariness with heavy
spright;
For, after supper, long he
questioned
With modest Lucrece, and wore out the
night.
And every on
Save thieves, and cares, and troubled minds, that wake.除了贼盗,或是忧心烦恼。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
于是塔昆被引到供他安寝的处所, 然后塔昆被引进安寝的地[方],
自称身子困乏,精神也不复振作; 他有意装出十分疲惫的样子;
因为他晚餐以后,与鲁克丽丝对坐, 因为晚饭后他与鲁克丽丝交[谈],
交谈了不短的时光,不觉把夜晚消磨; 时间过了很久,长夜很快消逝,
如今浓重的睡意,与生命的精力相搏;
人人到这个时辰,都要上床安卧, 每个人这时都安顿自己就寝,
只有窃贼、忧虑者、骚乱的心灵醒[着]。
As on
The sundry dangers of his will's
obtaining;
Yet ever to obtain his will
resolving,
Though weak-built hopes persuade him to abstaining.但总得设法去实现欲望。
Despair to gain doth traffic oft for
gaining;
And when great treasure is the meed
proposed,
Though death be adjunct, there's no death supposed.纵搭上性命,也心存侥幸。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
塔昆就属于这一伙,睡不着,心里嘀咕, 塔昆躺在床上辗转反侧苦苦思[索],
盘算着:要满足心愿,会遇到哪些险阻; 掂量他的谋划可能遭际的种种危[险];
他明知希望微茫,不如抽身退步, 尽管渺茫的希望曾规劝他趁早却[步],
却还是断然决定:让心愿得到满足; 但他最后还是下决心一意孤行;
获利无望的时候,会更加惟利是图; 越是陷入绝境,他越想计谋得逞,
只要预期的犒赏是一宗名贵的宝物, 只要预计的报酬是一笔宝藏,
哪怕有性命之忧,也全然置之不顾。
Those that much covet are with gain so
fond
For what they have not, that which they possess 其未占有的,要多多益善,
They scatter and unloose it from their
bond,
And so by hoping more they have but
less;
Or, gaining more, the profit of
excess
Is but to surfeit, and such griefs sustain
That they prove bankrupt in this poor rich gain.大户最终也破败而沦落。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
贪多务得的人们,痴迷地谋求取到 贪得无厌的人往往头脑发昏,
那尚未取到的种种,原有的却执掌不牢, 自己没有的一切,他们都想得到,
那已经取到的种种,便因此松脱、丢掉: 而已经有的一切,反而流失消损,
他们贪求的愈多,他们占有的愈少; 因此,他们贪求越多,得到越少,
或是占有的虽多,而由于填塞得过饱,
结果是疳积难消,反而备尝苦恼, 最终好处全无,徒生诸多痛苦,
他们是假富真穷,成了破产的富豪。
The aim of all is but to nurse the
life
With honour, wealth, and ease in waning
age;
And in this aim there is such thwarting strife
That on
As life for honour in fell battle's
rage;
Honour for wealth; and oft that wealth doth cost荣誉为财富,财产常要命-
The death of all, and all together
lost;
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
人人都希求荣誉、财富、安宁的晚景,
而为了赢得它们,要经历险阻重[重],
有时为它们全体,丢弃其中的一[种],
有时为其中一种,将全体丢弃一[空];
鏖战时激情如火,为荣誉可舍生命;
为财富可舍荣誉;财富常招致纷争,
终于毁灭了一切,一切都丧失干净。
So that in vent'ring ill we leave to
be
The things we are for that which we expect;我们为所求,已不复自我;
And this ambitious foul
infirmity,
In having much, torments us with
defect
Of that we have: so then we do
neglect
The thing we have, and all for want of wit,全只为缺乏聪明与理智,
Make something nothing by augmenting
it.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
我们若肆意贪求,来满足某种希冀, 因此,如果为了私欲一意孤行,
也就迷失了本性,不再是我们自己; 我们就会丧失本性中的自[己],
当我们资财丰裕,可憎的贪婪恶癖 贪得无厌其实是一种非分的野心,
偏叫人想到缺欠,把我们折磨不已; 丰裕了仍嫌不足,那是自讨苦吃:
这样,对已得的资财,我们置之不理; 因为这时你会将已有的一切忽视,
只因少了点聪明,我们且取且弃, 由于缺乏理智,通过不断累积,
通过不断的增殖,变成一贫如洗。
Such hazard now must doting Tarquin
make,
Pawning his honour to obtain his
lust;
And for himself himself he must
forsake.
Then where is truth, if there be no
self-trust?
When shall he think to find a stranger
just,
When he himself himself confounds,
betrays
To sland'rous tongues and wretched hateful days?啥时候会有人对其公正?
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
如今昏聩的塔昆,必得走这步险棋— 痴迷的塔昆必然要冒这个风[险],
为成全他的淫欲,而断送他的荣[誉];
为了满足他自己,必得毁弃他自己:
丧失了自信自尊,真诚又从何谈起?
既然他自戕其理智,甘愿在尔后的时期
苦度悲惨的生涯,长遭世人的唾弃,
又怎能指望别人对待他不偏不倚?
Now stole upon the time the dead of
night,
When heavy sleep had closed up mortal
eyes.
No comfortable star did lend his
light,
No noise but owls' and wolves' death-boding cries;阒然间唯凶兆-枭啼狼嗥;
Now serves the season that they may
surprise
The silly lambs: pure thoughts are dead and still,纯良的意念已呆然静止,
While lust and murder wake to stain and
kill.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
夜深人静的时刻,已经悄悄来临,
困倦昏沉的睡意,合拢了众人的眼睛;
没一颗可意的星儿,肯挂出它的明灯,
只有枭啼与狼嗥,预告死亡的凶讯—
枭与狼攫捕羔羊,正好趁这个时辰;
纯良温雅的意念,都已寂然入定,
淫欲和杀机却醒着,要污辱、屠戮生灵。
And now this lustful lord leapt from his
bed,
Throwing his mantle rudely o'er his
arm;
Is madly tossed between desire and
dread:
Th' on
But honest fear, bewitched with lust's foul charm,诚惶诚恐,怎及俗念魔力?
Doth too too oft betake him to
retire,
Beaten away by brainsick rude
desire.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
情焰正炽的王子,这时便一跃起床, 荒淫的王子这时从床上一跃而起,
把他的那件披风,匆匆搭在胳臂上;
在“邪欲”与“畏惧”之间,昏昏然犹豫彷徨—
前者婉媚地煽惑,后者怕引起祸殃;
然而,朴实的“畏惧”,惑于情焰的魔障,
虽也曾再三再四劝主人抽身退让,
到头来终归败北,挡不住“邪欲”的癫狂。
His falchion on a flint he softly
smiteth,
That from the cold stone sparks of fire do fly;冷冷的石块有火星飞爆,
Whereat a waxen torch forthwith he lighteth,
Which must be lode-star to his lustful
eye;
And to the flame thus speaks
advisedly:
"As from this cold flint I enforced this
fire,
So Lucrece must I force to my
desire."
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
塔昆在一块燧石上,轻轻敲击着宝剑,
让那冰冷的石头,爆出了火星点点,
这时他略不迟延,将一支蜡炬点燃,
让它像北极星那样,指引他淫邪的两眼;
对着闪烁的烛火,他从容果决地开言:
“这块冰冷的顽石,我逼它冒出火焰,
同样,对鲁克丽丝,我也要逼她就范。”
Here pale with fear he doth
premeditate
The dangers of his loathsome
enterprise,
And in his inward mind he doth
debate
What following sorrow may on this
arise;
Then looking scornfully, he doth
despise
His naked armour of still-slaughtered
lust,
And justly thus controls his thoughts unjust:正义则抑制着他的邪念:
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
脸色因恐惧而苍白,他真真切切地预计
他这可憎的图谋将招致的种种危机;
在他纷乱的内心,他反反复复地猜疑,
盘算着:这桩恶行,会带来什么忧戚;
终于,以轻蔑的神情,他干干脆脆地鄙弃
这豪不足恃的依托—这随泄随消的淫[欲],⑿
于是正直地钳制了这种不正直的心意:
"Fair torch, burn out thy light, and lend it
not
To darken her whose light excelleth
thine;
And die, unhallowed thoughts, before you
blot
With your uncleanness that which is
divine.
Offer pure incense to so pure a
shrine.
Let fair humanity abhor the
deed
That spots and stains love's modest snow-white weed.竟玷污贞洁的雪白衣襟。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“荧荧悦目的蜡炬,快收敛你的光芒,
莫让这光芒遮暗了那比你更亮的形象!
在犯罪以前死去吧,亵渎神明的狂想!
莫让那完美的圣物沾染上你的肮脏!
向那洁净的庙堂,献上洁净的仙香;
有什么行为玷污了爱情的雪白衣裳,
纯良正直的人们就该痛责其刁妄。
"O shame to knighthood and to shining
arms!
O foul dishonour to my household's
grave!
O impious act including all foul
harms!
A martial man to be soft fancy's
slave!
True valour still a true respect should have;尊荣应永怀真正的勇气;
Then my digression is so vile, so
base,
That it will live engraven in my
face.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“给骑士的身份贻羞,叫雪亮的刀枪受辱!
使我地下的祖先,蒙受难堪的亵渎!
这侮慢神明的恶行,有无穷后患隐伏;
我横戈跃马的男儿,岂能做柔情的俘虏;
要具有真正的品德,才算得真正的勇武;
我若是胡作非为,这卑劣罪行的垢污
会留痕在我脸上,会刻入我的肌肤。
"Yea, though I die, the scandal will survive“是啊,即便我死,丑名犹存,
And be an eye-sore in my golden
coat.
Some loathsome dash the herald will contrive 纹章官*会设计丑陋疤纹,
To cipher me how fondly I did
dote;
That my posterity, shamed with the
note,
Shall curse my bones, and hold it for no
sin
To wish that I their father had not
been.
译注:*欧洲古代常授予贵族(或士紳家族)以“家族纹章”(又译“族徽”),画有图案或书以格言。骑士的
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“是的,纵然我死了,丑名会继续留存,
成为我金质纹章上一块刺目的斑痕;⒀
纹章官将要设计某种可憎的纹印,
表明我如何愚妄,又如何色令智昏;
因这一耻辱的标记而含羞抱恨的子孙
会诅咒我的枯骨,也不怕‘不孝’的罪名,
惟愿我—他们的先人,不曾在世上出生。
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
“而且,我死了也不能摆脱羞耻,
那是我金甲纹章上触目的丑斑。*
纹章官会设计可憎的耻辱标志,
指出我曾经愚蠢地沉迷于淫乱:
我的后代将为此而含羞抱怨,
将诅咒我的尸骨,不以为罪愆,
只愿我,他们的先父,没有来到人间。
屠译本注:*纹章起源于古代欧洲,是用以识别身份的标志。从公元十二世纪起,西欧开始出普遍使用纹章
"What win I if I gain the thing I
seek?
A dream, a breath, a froth of fleeting
joy.
Who buys a minute's mirth to wail a week?
Or sells eternity to get a
toy?
For on
Or what fond beggar, but to touch the
crown,
Would with the sceptre straight be strucken down?为触摸王冠被权杖击倒?
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本-
“就算我如愿以偿,又有什么能得到? “纵令我如愿以偿,又能有何所获?
飞逝的欢情像幻梦,像空气,又像水泡! 还不是一场梦,转瞬即逝的一阵欢喜!
谁肯以一星期悲悼,买来一分钟欢笑?
或为了一件玩意儿,把永生的灵魂卖掉?
谁肯把葡萄藤拆毁,只为了尝一颗甜葡萄?
有哪个痴愚的乞丐,会这样不知分晓—
为了摸一摸王冠,情愿被御杖击倒?
"If Collatinus dream of my
intent,
Will he not
wake, and in a desp'rate rage
Post hither,
this vile purpose to
prevent?
This siege
that hath engirt his
marriage,
This blur to youth, this sorrow to the sage,贤者之憾恨,青春之玷辱,
This dying
virtue, this surviving
shame,
Whose crime will bear an ever-during blame? 谁之罪欲承受永世责难?
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“柯拉廷若在睡梦中,梦见我此行的目的,
岂不会惶遽地醒来,怀着狂暴的愤激,
匆促地赶回城堡,制止这卑污的主意,
制止这无端的侵犯—对美满姻缘的袭击,
这伤害贤人的灾祸,这玷辱青春的污迹,
这绵延无尽的羞耻,这扼杀贞节的暴力,
这种千秋万世永遭谴责的罪戾?
"O, what excuse can my invention make
When thou shalt charge me with so black a
deed?
Will not my tongue be mute, my frail joints
shake,
Mine eyes forego their light, my false heart bleed?我心虚失血,我怎不哑口?
The guilt being great, the fear doth still
exceed;
And extreme fear can neither fight nor
fly,
But coward-like with trembling terror
die.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“有朝一日你指控这桩污黑的罪孽,
我的口才编得出什么理由来辩解?
我的舌头会沉默,我的视力会消歇,
脆弱的骨节会震颤,欺诈的心房会流血!
罪行是这般严酷,恐惧却更为酷烈,
既无力迎敌作战,也无处奔逃退却,
像失魂丧胆的懦夫,战兢兢伫候毁灭。
"Had Collatinus killed my son or
sire,
Or lain in
ambush to betray my
life,
Or were he
not my dear friend, this
desire
Might have
excuse to work upon his
wife,
As in
revenge or quittal of such
strife;
But as he
is my kinsman, my dear
friend,
The shame and fault finds no excuse nor end.这无端的愧疚,无止无休!
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“柯拉廷若是残杀过我家的父王或王孙,
或曾经埋伏截击,要谋害我的性命,
要么,如果他不是我的亲近的友人,
我凌犯他的妻子,总还算事出有因,
可说是冤冤相报,是他罪行的报应;
然而他偏偏却是我的密友和姻亲,
这凌辱就没有借口,这罪咎也没有止境。
"Shameful it is-ay, if the fact be
known.
Hateful it
is-there is no hate in
loving.
I'll beg her
love- but she is
own.
The worst is
but denial and
reproving.
My will is strong, past reason's weak removing.我欲望强烈,非理智可敌。
Who fears a
sentence or an old man's
saw
Shall by a
painted cloth be kept in
awe."
译注:*画幅上常绘有肖像并书以道德格言。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“这是可耻的;—不过,这是说传扬了出去; “如果事情败露,那我就得蒙受耻辱;
这是可恨的;—不对,爱与恨不能共居;
我定在向她求爱;—但她已身不由[己];
最糟的遭遇也无非遭到她申斥和峻拒;
我意志坚不可摧,理智又岂能干预!
谁要是敬畏箴言,敬畏老人的谚语,
瞧见了墙上的画幅,他也会肃然悚惧。”⒁
Thus graceless holds he
disputation
'Tween frozen conscience and hot-burning will,-彼此间好一场狂争激辩,
And with good
thoughts make
dispensation,
Urging the
worser sense for vantage
still;
Which in a
moment doth confound and
kill
All pure
effects, and doth so far proceed
That what
is vile shows like a virtuous
deed.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
在他乖戾的内心,掀起了一场争辩:
一边是凝冻的良知,一边是炽烈的情焰;
他自欺欺人地抛开了善良正直的心愿,
却怂恿猥劣的邪思操执优胜的左券;
这邪思立即戕害了一切纯良的意念,
获得了长足的进展,淆乱了美恶的界限,
使卑污恣肆的行径,俨然像至善至贤。
Quoth he, "She took me kindly by the
hand
And gazed
for tidings in my eager
eyes,
Fearing some
hard news from the warlike
band
Where her
beloved Collatinus
lies.
O, how her
fear did make her color
rise!
First red
as roses that on lawn we
lay,
Then white
as lawn, the roses took
away.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
他说:“她和颜悦色,轻轻握住我的手,
凝视我痴迷的两眼,想从中探问情由,
惟恐我会有什么不祥的音讯说出口,
因为她挚爱的柯拉廷正在前方战斗。
红云涌上她腮颊,当恐惧涌上心头!
酡红如玫瑰两朵,偶在素绢上勾留;
而后又皓白如素绢,玫瑰已被携走。
"And how her hand, in my hand being
locked
Forced it to tremble with her loyal
fear!
Which struck her sad, and then it faster rocked这使她忧伤,手抖得直晃,
Until her husband's welfare she did
hear;
Whereat she smiled with so sweet a
cheer
That, had Narcissus seen her as she
stood,
Self-love had never drown'd him in the
flood.
译注:*纳喀索斯-希腊神话中的美少年,因迷恋自身的水中倒影而憔悴乃致溺毙。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“我的手紧握她的手,两只手绞在一起,
她的因惊恐而抖动,我的也跟着颤栗;
这叫她更加疑惧,手儿也抖得更急,
直到她确切听到了丈夫平安的信息,
她这才开颜一笑,更显得娇媚无比;
要是那耳喀索斯瞧见她亭亭玉立,
他就决不会顾影自怜,投身水底。
"Why hunt I then for colour or
excuses?
All orators are dumb when beauty
pleadeth;
Poor wretches have remorse in poor
abuses;
Love thrives not in the heart that shadows
dreadeth.心怀阴影,情爱怎能繁盛!
Affection is my captain, and he
leadeth;
And when his gaudy banner is
displayed,
The coward fights and will not be
dismayed.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“那么,我还用寻求什么借口或伪装? “我为什么还要苦苦寻找辩护的借口?
一旦‘美’现身说法,说客们都不再开腔; 当美现身说法,所有的辩士都成哑吧,
可怜虫才为可怜的过失而自悔孟浪, 只有可怜的人才会悔恨可怜的污垢,
心灵若顾虑重重,爱苗就难于生长; 对阴暗心存畏惧,就养不好爱情之花,
爱情是我的指挥官,他给我指引方向; 感情是我的统帅,他指挥我上阵冲杀,
只要他明艳的旌旗赫然招展在前方, 当他那面艳丽的大旗招展在战[场],
胆小鬼也会奋战,而不会惊惶沮丧。
"Then childish fear avaunt! debating
die!
Respect and reason, wait on wrinkled age!
My heart shall never countermand mine
eye.
Sad pause and deep regard beseem the sage;
My part is youth, and beats these from the stage.
我角色年青,搏舞台实践。
Desire my pilot is, beauty my
prize;
Then who fears sinking where such treasure
lies?"那里有珠宝,谁还怕触礁?”
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“滚开吧,幼稚的恐惧!终止吧,卑琐的盘算! “滚开吧,天真的恐惧,结束吧,论争!
让理智和礼法去陪伴满面皱纹的老汉!
我的心永远不会违拗我眼睛的决断,
周详的思考和斟酌仅仅适宜于圣贤;
我是个年轻角色,那一套都与我无缘;
我的舵手是情欲,我的目标是红颜;
只要那边有珍宝,谁害怕沉船遇险?”
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
“滚开,幼稚的恐惧!停止吧,争辩!
让谨重和理智去侍奉龙钟的老耄!
我的心决不会跟我的眼睛为难;
只有圣哲才瞻前顾后地思考;
我是个年轻角色,不演这一套。
情欲是我的向导,美色是目标,
As corn o'ergrown by weeds, so heedful
fear
Is almost choked by unresisted
lust.
Away he steals with open listening
ear,
Full of foul hope and full of fond mistrust;他满怀邪念,又满腹狐疑;
Both which, as servitors to the
unjust,
So cross him with their opposite persuasion 相悖的主张乱了他方寸,
That now he vows a league, and now invasion.时而欲修好,时而欲凌侵。
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
正好比稀稀禾苗,被萋萋恶草掩蔽, 犹如嘉禾被漫山遍野的莠草所遮[掩],
审慎的顾虑几乎被猖狂的欲念窒息。
他竖起耳朵倾听,偷偷举步前移,
满怀无耻的希冀,满腹无聊的猜疑;
希冀、猜疑仿佛是恶人的两名仆役,
让他们相忤的主张交错于他的脑际,
使他一会儿想收兵,一会儿又想进袭。
Within his thought her heavenly image
sits,
And in the self-same seat sits
Collatine:
That eye which looks on her confounds his wits;望着美人,他已乱了心旌;
That eye which him beholds, as more
divine,
Unto a view so false will not
incline;
Which on
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
潜思中,他恍惚瞥见她天仙一般的形象, 恍惚间他好像看见她天仙般的形象,
还恍惚瞥见柯拉廷,也与她同在那厢; 就在同一地方,他还看见了科拉丁。
向她望着的那只眼,搅得他心神迷惘; 望着她的那只眼,使他理智迷惘,
向他望着的那只眼,却较为虔敬忠良, 望着她的那只眼,尚留几分真诚,
不肯屈从于这种背信弃义的意向, 不愿屈从于如此猥亵的眼神,
发出纯真的呼吁,求心灵作出主张; 但尽管它向心灵发出圣洁的呼吁,
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
他的想像中,她形同天仙般端坐,
在她的座位上同时并坐着柯拉廷。
一只眼贪看她的脸,使他失措;
一只眼正视她夫君较为虔敬,
这只眼不会赞同这不义的行径,
就发出真诚的呼吁,求助于心灵,
可心灵已经被腐蚀,竟倒向恶行。
And therein heartens up his servile powers,庸俗的机能令心旌摇荡,
Who, flatt'red by their leader's jocund
show,
Stuff up his lust, as minutes fill up
hours;
And as their captain, so their pride doth
grow,
Paying more slavish tribute than they
owe.
By reprobate desire thus madly
led,
The Roman lord marcheth to Lucrece'
bed.
[附1]:杨徳豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
这就大大怂恿了他那些卑劣的情思:
见心灵洋洋自得,它们也踌躇满志,
涨满了他的淫欲,像分秒填满了小时;
自吹互捧过了头,它们越来越骄恣,
竟与它们的统帅—心灵毫无二致。
听任奸邪的欲念如此癫狂地指使,
罗马王子直趋鲁克丽丝的卧室。
The locks between her chamber and his will,美人的卧房,塔昆的欲念,
Each on
But as they open, they all rate his
ill,
Which drives the creeping thief to some
regard.
The threshold grates the door to have him
heard;
Night-wand'ring weasels shriek to see him
there;
They fright him, yet he still pursues his
fear.
译注:*黄鼬,即黄鼠狼;古罗马时代,曾兴家养以驱逮老鼠。
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
在她的居室与他的欲望之间的铁[锁],
被他用强力胁迫,一把一把都松[脱];
但它们开启的时候,都将这暴行叱责,
促使这潜行的窃贼有些顾忌和忐忑;
门槛把门扇磨响,想要惊醒熟睡者;
夜间游荡的鼬鼠,觑见他,尖声叫[着],
As each unwilling portal yields him
way,
Through little vents and crannies of the
place
The wind wars with his torch to make him
stay,
And blows the smoke of it into his
face,
Extinguishing his conduct in this
case;
Puffs forth another wind that fires the
torch;
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
一扇一扇的门儿,没奈何给他让道; 一扇扇不情愿的门给他让开道路,
一股一股的风儿,钻出缝隙和孔窍, 通过小小的通风口和各种缝[隙],
向他的炬火袭击,将他的行动阻挠, 阵阵晚风扑向蜡炬,企图将他拦阻,
还对准他的面庞,吹去了乌烟袅袅, 风还将袅袅蜡烟吹向他的脸,
终于吹熄了蜡炬—他赖以前进的向导; 蜡炬的火光被风吹得气息奄奄;
但他滚烫的心胸,已经被欲火烤焦,
喷出了另一股热风,又将那蜡炬点着。
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
每扇门都勉勉强强地给他让路,
夜风使劲地钻进小孔和缝隙,
向炬火挑战,使他的行动受阻,
风向他脸上吹去火炬的烟气,
终于吹灭了引导他行进的火[炬];
他的心被情欲烧灼,躁动不安,
吹出另一股风来把火炬点燃。
And being lighted, by the light he
spies
Lucretia's glove, wherein her needle
sticks;
He takes it from the rushes where it
lies,
And griping it, the needle his finger
pricks;
As who should say, "This glove to wanton
tricks
Is not inured; return again in
haste;
Thou seest our mistress' ornaments are chaste." 夫人的饰物,全贞洁高贵。”
译注:*苇草-指灯芯草属植物。据说古罗马时代曾风行以苇草类铺地,疑系后世地毯之雏形。
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
炬火重放光明,他借这亮光辨认
鲁克丽丝的手套(其中插着一枚针); 发现鲁克丽丝的手套,上面别着绣针,
他从灯心草上面,把手套拾起、握紧,⒂ 他想从芦苇垫子上拿过来看[看],
猝然间疼痛连心,手指被针尖刺进; 但用手一捏,指头已被针尖刺进,
针儿仿佛在警告:“这手套从未惯经 那锈针好像在说,“如此淫荡的丑行,
这种淫邪的丑事,快快退步抽身! 这手套未曾经惯;赶快返身回[去],
你瞧,我们主母的衣饰也这样坚贞。”
你已目睹,夫人的饰物也这般贞[淑]。”
But all these poor forbiddings could not stay him; 所有障碍,无力将他阻止;
He in the worst sense construes their
denial:
The doors, the wind, the glove, that did delay him,门、风、手套,不过使他延迟,
He takes for accidental things of
trial;
Or as those bars which stop the hourly
dial,
Who with a ling'ring stay his course doth
let,
Till every minute pays the hour his
debt.
但这些无力的阻碍,都无法将他羁绊;
他以恶人的歪理,来解释这些事件:
门扉、夜风、手套,一路上将他阻拦,
他都看成不过是一些意外的考验;
恰似那两根指针,控制着时钟的运转,
一步步慢慢悠悠,故意把进程延缓,
让每分每秒都把该干的差事干完。
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
可怜的障碍都不能制止他向前;
他作出种种解释,无理又横蛮。
门扇、夜风、手套,曾将他拖延,
他却把这些看作意外的磨炼;
好似刻线控制着时钟的运转,*
他只好走走停停,慢慢地举步,
让每分每秒都把该做的做足。
屠译本注:*刻线指刻在钟面上的把一小时分成六十分的条纹。
"So,so," quoth he, "these lets attend the
time,
Like little frosts that sometime threat the spring
To add a more rejoicing to the prime
And give the sneaped birds more cause to
sing.
The merchant fears ere rich at home he
lands."
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
“这样看来,”他说,“这些梗阻的出现, “那么,”他说,“这些干扰非常自[然],
正如料峭的余寒有时袭扰春天,
好让尔后的韶光格外惹人眷恋,
好让冻缩的鸟雀有理由唱得更欢。
经受过磨难的好事,会显得分外甘甜;
遍历巨岩、烈风、悍盗、沙碛和礁险,
商贾才能腰缠万贯,回转家园。”
Now is he come unto the chamber
door,
That shuts him from the heaven of his
thought,
Which with a yielding latch, and with no
more,
Hath barred him from the blessed thing be sought.挡住了心驰神往的猎艳。
So from himself impiety hath wrought
That for his prey to pray he doth
begin,
As if the heavens should countenance his
sin.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
如今他步步逼近了那间卧室的门户,
紧闭的门扉隔开了他心驰神往的乐土;
除了那脆弱的门闩,那儿再别无他物
阻挡他前去接近他奋力以求的艳福。
逆天背理的邪念,搅得他神志糊涂:
为了攫捕那猎物,他开始切切祷祝,
俨如上天会赞助他这罪恶的意图。
But in the midst of his unfruitful
prayer,
Having solicited th' eternal
power
That his foul thoughts might compass his fair fair,让他得到美人,以遂邪念,
And they would stand auspicious to the
hour,
Even there he starts; quoth he,"I must
deflow'r.
How can they then assist me in the
act?
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
在他那徒劳无益的喃喃祈祷的中途,
业已向永恒的神明卑词乞求佑助:
让他猥鄙的心愿到时候得以餍足,
让那贞淑的美人儿到时候由他摆布;
他蓦地惊起,说道:“我这是要让她受辱,
我所祈求的神明,对这事只有憎恶,
那么,他们又怎会在暗中将我呵护?
"Then Love and Fortune be my gods, my
guide:
My will is backed with
resolution.
Thoughts are but dreams till their effects be tried;空想而不实践只是幻梦;
The blackest sin is cleared with
absolution;
Against love's fire fear's frost hath
dissolution.
The eye of heaven is out, and misty
night
Covers the shame that follows sweet
delight."
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
“那就让‘爱情’和‘幸运’当我的向导、我的神!“那么,就让爱情和幸运之神为我导[航],
我有坚毅的决心,作我意图的后盾;
心愿未付诸实施,就只不过是幻梦,
罪孽不管多污浊,宽宥能将它涤清;
一遇爱情的火焰,畏怯的霜雪就消[融]。
上苍的眼睛隐匿了,让这溟濛的夜影⒃
把欢情带来的羞耻掩蔽得一干二净。”
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
“让爱情和好运做我的天神和指南!
坚定的决心支撑着我的意愿;
只空想而不去实践不过是梦幻;
滔天的罪行被赦免就等于没干。
爱情的烈火能化解畏惧的严寒:
上苍的眼睛熄灭了,朦胧的夜幕
把贪欢带来的羞耻严严地遮住。”
This said, his guilty hand plucked up the
latch,
And with his knee the door he opens
wide.
The dove sleeps fast that this night owl will catch.夜猫子欲擒,鸽子犹梦酣;
Thus treason works ere traitors be
espied.
Who sees the lurking serpent steps
aside;
But she, sound sleeping, fearing no such
thing,
Lies at the mercy of his mortal
sting.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
塔昆说到这里,用手把门闩一拽,
再用膝头一顶,那扇门立即敞开。
鸽子悠然安睡,夜枭要将它擒逮;
奸贼未被发觉,奸谋正进行无碍。
人们若瞧见毒蛇,闪避得惟恐不快;
而她,睡梦沉酣,不曾料想到祸害,
Into the chamber wickedly he
stalks
And gazeth on her yet unstained
bed.
The curtains being close, about he
walks,
Rolling his greedy eyeballs in his
head.
By their high treason is his heart
misled;
Which gives the watchword to his hand full soon邪念迅即谕示他的手掌-
To draw the cloud that hides the silver
moon.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
他进入她的卧室,蹑手蹑脚地走路,
耽耽的目光投向她洁白无瑕的床褥;
却只见帐幔四垂,将卧榻严实围护,
他绕床踱来踱去,转动着贪婪的眼珠;
眼珠逞刁弄鬼,把心灵诱入歧途,
心灵迅即向手臂传递无声的暗[语],
吩咐它快去曳开遮掩皓月的云雾。
Look, as the
fair and fiery-pointed
sun,
Rushing from
forth a cloud, bereaves our sight,
Even so, the
curtain drawn, his eyes
begun
To wink,
being blinded with a greater
light.
That dazzleth them, or else some shame supposed; 抑或是塔昆有几分知羞,
But blind they are, and keep themselves enclosed.两眼看不见,他紧闭双眸。
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
看呵,宛如明艳的红日涌出云霓,
闪闪刺目的金辉,眩惑了我们的视力;
那帐幔一经曳开,他两眼不禁眯起,
比旭日更亮的光华,将他的目力凌逼;
不知究竟是震慑于她那耀眼的妍丽,
还是有羞赧之情蓦现于他的心底,
他两眼一片昏矇,只得继续紧闭。
O, had they in that darksome prison
died,
Then had they seen the period of their
ill!
Then Collatine again, by Lucrece'
side,
In his clear bed might have reposed
still.
But they must ope, this blessed league to
kill,
And holy-thoughted Lucrece to their
sight
Must sell her joy, her life, her world's delight.欢乐准销蚀,性命也搭上。
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
若是塔昆的两眼在这黑牢中死去,⒄
那么,它们的罪孽总算有了个结局!
那么,柯拉廷仍会与鲁克丽丝欢聚,
在这洁净的卧榻上,憩息他困倦的身躯。
但它们必得睁开,来毁灭这双爱侣;
在它们凶光之下,这位圣洁的贞女
必得断送掉生命、福祉、人世的欢愉。
Her lily hand her rosy cheek lies
under,
Coz'ning the pillow of a lawful
kiss;
Who, therefore angry, seems to part in sunder,因为赌气,像是分开左右,
Swelling on either side to want his
bliss;
Between whose hills her head entombed
is;
Where like a virtuous monument she lies,
To be admired of lewd unhallowed
eyes.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
百合般纤手垫在玫瑰色腮颊下边,
枕头想吻这肥颊,被阻隔,不能如愿;
它不禁恼怒起来,仿佛要裂成两段,
两端都勃然隆起,只恨错过了良缘;
她的头悄然埋在枕头的双峰之间;
像一尊贞洁的石像,这淑女倚榻而眠,
让他那淫亵的目光尽情赞美艳羡。
Without the bed her other fair hand
was,
On the green coverlet; whose perfect
white
Show'd like an April daisy on the
grass,
With pearly sweat, resembling dew of
night.
Her eyes like marigolds had sheathed their light,眼睑如金盏花*收敛光束,
And canopied in darkness sweetly
lay
Till they might open to adorn the
day.
译注:*金盏花,1-2年生草本植物,叶互生,披针形,头状花序,
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
她的另一只纤手,在床边静静低垂,
映衬着淡绿的床单,更显得白净娇美,
像四月雏菊一朵,在草原吐露芳菲,
手上的点点汗珠,像夜晚花间的露水。
她两眼犹如金盏草,已经收敛了灵辉,⒅
正在陶然安息,隐形于长夜的幽晦,
要等黎明再睁开,好把白天来点缀。
Her hair like golden threads played with her breath-
她发如金丝,随呼吸浮颤-
O modest wantons, wanton
modesty-
Showing life's triumph in the map of
death,
And death's dim look in life's
mortality.
Each in her sleep themselves so
beautify
As if between them twain there were no
strife,
But that life lived in death, and death in
life.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
她秀发宛如金丝,伴随着呼吸而颤[动]:
说是放纵却端庄,说是端庄偏放[纵]!
以这幅死的图象来展现生的优胜,⒆
而又以生的定限来揭示死的阴影;
生与死在她的睡眠中,各自将对方修整,
仿佛它们之间从来就没有纷争,
而是生寓居于死,死也寓居于生。
【附3】:屠岸父女译本-
秀发如金丝,随呼吸而起伏游戏,
哦,温雅的放纵,任性的谦[虚]!
死的图形上显示出生的胜利,
有限的生命中含着死亡的阴翳。
睡眠中,生与死都使对方更美丽,
似乎这二者之间从没有纷争,
只是生中有死,而死中又有生。
Her breasts like ivory globes circled with blue,蓝带束箍象牙球般胸脯,
A pair of maiden worlds
unconquered,
Save of their lord no bearing yoke they
knew,
And him by oath they truly
honoured.
These worlds in Tarquin new ambition
bred,
Who like a foul ursurper went
about
From this fair throne to heave the owner
out.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
她的双乳宛如蓝纹纵横的象牙球,
那是不受拘管的两座贞洁的宇宙;
除了亲爱的主君,对谁也不肯屈就,
只对他忠贞敬奉,将誓约始终恪守。
这宇宙在塔昆心底诱发了新的奸谋:
他像个贪鄙的篡贼,立即着手谋求
把在位的主君逐出,把宝座据为己有。
What could he see but mightily he
noted?
What did he note but strongly he
desired?
What he beheld, on that he firmly
doted,
And in his will his wilful eye he
tired.
With more than admiration he
admired
Her azure veins, her alabaster
skin,
Her coral lips, her snow-white dimpled chin.雪白的下巴颏,隐隐酒窝。
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
除了他全神注意的,他还能瞧见什么?
他又会注意什么,除了他所欲攫夺?
他两眼眈眈凝视,他一心恋恋不[舍];
恣意饱看的两眼,竟看得过饱过多。
比爱慕更为炽烈,他销魂摄魄地贪恋[着]
她那玉石般肌肤,她那淡青色筋络,
那红似珊瑚的唇吻,雪白而含涡的下[颏]。
As the grim lion fawneth o'er his
prey,
Sharp hunger by the conquest
satisfied,
So o'er this sleeping soul doth Tarquin
stay,
His rage of lust by gazing
qualified;
Slacked, not suppressed; for, standing by her
side,站她身旁,仅纾缓,忍不住,
His eye, which late this mutiny
restrains,
Unto a greater uproar tempts his
veins.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
有如凶狠的雄狮,抚弄着它的猎物,
饥渴的贪欲已在征服中得到餍足:
俯临这沉睡的贞女,塔昆停下来踌躇,
凝神注视了一阵,欲念已渐趋驯服;
但只是一时的弛缓,而不是真个平伏;
他的眼,在她身边,虽曾将暴行约束,
却嗾使他的血脉,向更大的骚乱奔赴。
And they, like straggling slaves for pillage fighting,那血脉有如劫掠的兵痞,
Obdurate vassals fell exploits
effecting,
In bloody death and ravishment
delighting,
Nor children's tears nor mothers' groans
respecting,
Swell in their pride, the on
Gives the hot charge and bids them do their
liking.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本-
他的血脉,像沿途掳掠的散兵游勇,
那血脉犹如从事劫掠的游勇散兵,
心如铁石,一味贪求残暴的武功,
生性残暴,一味追求野蛮的功绩,
耽于屠戮和奸淫,动不动伤生害[命],
对孩子的嚎哭、母亲的哀告无动于衷,
骄纵得不可一世,时时企望着进攻;
他那狂跳的心脏,此刻便敲响洪钟,
发出急切的训令,叫血脉随意行动。
His drumming heart cheers up his burning
eye,
His eye commends the leading to his
hand;
His hand, as proud of such a
dignity,
Smoking with pride, marched on to make his stand
气焰甚嚣张,竟大举进兵-
On her bare breast, the heart of all her
land;
Whose ranks of blue veins, as his hand did
scale,贼手一上,那纵横的青脉-
Left there round turrets destitute and
pale.
[附1]:杨德豫教授译本- [附2]:陈才宇教授译本-
他那擂击的心脏,激励了焦灼的眼睛,
他的眼睛便委任他的手充当统领;
得了这美差高位,他的手得意忘形,
热腾腾气焰熏天,雄赳赳向前挺进,
停留在袒露的胸脯——她全部领土的中心;
他的手一触及那儿,蓝色脉管便隐遁,
撇下那一双圆塔:苍白,惨淡,凄清。
-杨译本注:
9. “百合”代表白色,“玫瑰”代表紅顏。
10. “俘虜”,指“奸邪的眼睛”。
11. 這里是把王子的臉比作“圖書”,把他的眼神比作頁邊的“詮釋”。《羅密歐与
朱麗葉》第一幕第三場也用過同樣的比喻。
12. 此行据基特里奇(Kittredge)注釋譯出。
13. 在古代歐洲,常授予貴族或紳士家族以世襲的“家族紋章”(也可譯為“家徽”或
“族徽”),上面畫著圖案或寫著格言。騎士的紋章常繪于軍服上。如果這一家族
的重要成員有了不名譽的行為(例如,對婦女犯有暴行),就要在他們的家族紋掌
上增添一种特殊的記號,以示儆戒。下文“可憎的紋印”、“恥辱的標記”即指此。
負責設計、記錄和解釋各种紋章的官員,稱為“紋章官”。
14. “畫幅”是一种挂在牆上的裝飾品,常繪有人物肖像并寫有道德格言。
15. 在室內舖洒燈心草(作用略如后來的地毯),是伊麗莎白時代英國人的習慣,古羅馬人
并不如此。
16. “上蒼的眼睛”,指太陽。
17. “黑牢”指上節詩中所說的閉目不見物的狀態。
18. 金盞草的黃色花朵到日落時就閉合。
19. “死的圖象”,指睡眠。
20. “內殿”,指心房。
-陈译本注:
[1]中世纪古俗:骑士的盔甲常绘以家族的纹章,以示身份。负责设计纹章的官员称“纹章官”。
[2] 黄融养在家中,用来捕捉老鼠。