TPO11—1Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
(2013-05-15 18:25:29)
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Ancient Egyptian Sculpture
1. The word vital(至关重要的) in the passage is closest in
解析:词汇题。vital为形容词。原句说知道这种艺术的功能和来龙去脉怎么样,下一句说没有这一知识我们只能欣赏埃及艺术的内容,没法理解它形成的原因,因此可以推断第一句表明了了解其功能和来龙去脉的重要性,选B。A、C、D说不通。
2. Paragraph 1 suggests that one reason Egyptian art is viewed less favorably than other art is that Egyptian art lacks
第1段表明埃及艺术比其他艺术较不受喜爱的一个原因是埃及艺术缺乏
A. a realistic sense of human body proportion 人体比例的实在感(倒数第2句提到埃及艺术没有发现几何透视,但没有提到它因此不受喜爱)
B. a focus on distinctive forms of varying sizes 对形状各异的独特形式的关注(第2句提到其独特的形式)
C. the originality of European art 欧洲艺术的独创性(倒数第2句提到埃及雕塑不同于欧洲艺术,但不同点在于几何透视而不是独创性)
D. the capacity to show the human body in motion展示运动中的人体的能力
解析:细节题。以less favorable为关键词,定位出题句为第3句,即对于埃及艺术目的缺乏了解,导致它较其他艺术不受欢迎,冒号后的句号是具体说明,从没有“身体在空间转圈和扭曲”可知它们缺乏对运动中的身体的展示,选D。
3. In paragraph 1, the author mentions all of the following as necessary in appreciating Egyptian art EXCEPT an understanding of
在第1段中,作者提到以下所有作为在欣赏埃及艺术方面是必须的,除了对于哪一点的理解
A. the reasons why the art was made 这种艺术被创作的原因(关键词为made和reason,对应第2句的why it was produced)
B. the nature of aristocratic Egyptian beliefs 埃及贵族的信仰的本质(关键词为aristocratic Egyptian belief,对应第1句elite Egypatians’ view of world)
C. the influences of Egyptian art on later art such as classical Greek art 埃及艺术对后来的艺术比如希腊古典艺术的影响(关键词为influence与Greek,对应点为第3句的后半句,埃及人not develop… like古希腊雕塑,说明两者不同,没有影响)
D. how the art was used 这种艺术如何被使用(关键词为use,对应第1句的functions)
解析:排除题。出题句为前3句,找选项与原文的对应点,一一排除。
4. According to paragraph 2, why are
Egyptian statues portrayed frontalty?
A. To create a psychological effect of distance and isolation 为了创造疏远和孤立的心理效果
B. To allow them to fulfill their important role in ceremonies of Egyptian life为了允许它们履行它们在埃及生活的仪式中的重要角色
C. To provide a contrast to statues with a decorative function为了给雕塑提供一种装饰性功能的对比
D. To suggest the rigid, unchanging Egyptian philosophical attitudes
为了表明死板、不变的埃及哲学态度解析:细节题,以“frontality”为关键词,定位出题句为第3句,即正面描述与埃及雕塑的功能和它们所处的环境有关。选B。A和D在文中提过,但与原文无关,所以不选,C未提及
5. The word context(环境) in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. connection 关系
B. influence 影响
C. environment 环境
D. requirement要求
解析:词汇题。Context为名词,有3个意思,环境;上下文;来龙去脉,原文说脱离它们原始的什么,人们容易因它们僵硬的态度批判它们,A、B、D都说不通,选C。
6. The author mentions an architectural setting in the passage in order to 作者在文章中提到一个建筑场景,为了
A. suggest that architecture was as important as sculpture to Egyptian artists表明建筑对于埃及艺术家像雕塑一样重要
B. offer 3 further explanation for the frontal pose of Egyptian statues 提供3个对于埃及雕塑的正面姿势的深入解释
C. explain how the display of statues replaced other forms of architectural decoration
解释雕塑的陈列如何替代其他建筑装饰形式(只在讲陈列,没有讲如何代替)
D. illustrate the religious function of Egyptian statues 阐明埃及雕塑的宗教功能(重点在讲如何通过它们与建筑很好地结合,而不是功能)
解析:目的题。出题句为倒数第1句,从“for instance”和“other statues”可知作者是在举例,所以往前看,倒数第三句说可以解释statue往前看是在看前面发生了什么,也就是对这段首句提到的frontality的一种解释。选B。
7. The word “they” in the passage refers to文中的“它们”一词指
A. statues雕塑
B. gateways 通道C. temples 庙宇
D. pillared courts有柱子的庭院
解析:指代题。由they后的谓语be placed可知they应指整句话开头的主语,选A。
8. According to paragraph 3, why were certain areas of a stone statue left uncarved? 根据第3段,石雕塑的某些地方为什么空下来不雕刻?
A. To prevent damage by providing physical stability 为了通过提供物理的稳定性防止毁坏
B. To emphasize that the material was as important as the figure itself为了强调材料和人物本身一样重要(没提到)
C. To emphasize that the figure was not meant to be a real human being为了强调人物(雕塑)不一定是一个真的人(没提到)D. To provide another artist with the chance to finish the carving为了为另一个艺术家提供机会去完成雕刻(没提到)
解析:细节题。以“uncarved”为关键词,定位出题句为第3句,题目问原因,答案在下一句,即保护人像以免破裂并给人一种力量感,选A。
9. The word core(核心) in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. material 物质
B. layer层
C. center 中心
D. frame 框架
解析:词汇题。Core为名词,原句说铁的雕塑由围绕着一个木质的什么东西的铁板制造而成,显然core指在包在里面的东西,A、B、D都说不通,选C。
10. According to paragraph 3, which of the following statements about wooden statues is true? 根据第3段,以下哪一项关于木雕塑是正确的?
A. Wooden statues were usually larger than stone statues.
木雕塑通常比石雕塑更大。(最后一句提到与石雕的对比,只说更轻更自由,没说更大)
B. Wooden statues were made from a single piece of wood. 木雕塑由单一的一块木头制作而成。(第5句提到木雕由几块钉在一起的木头制成,不是单一的一块木头)
C. Wooden statues contained pieces of metal or stone attached to the front. 木雕塑包含附加到前面的铁块或者石块。(没提到)
D. Wooden statues had a different effect on the viewer than stone statues. 木雕塑对于观看者由一种不同于石雕塑的效果。
解析:细节题。以”wooden”为关键词,定位出题句为第5句到这段结束,木雕塑与铁雕塑一起讲。最后一句说它们的效果总体比石雕更轻更自由,因此选D。
排除法,A的larger错,没有比较;木质雕塑是由多块拼接而成,所以B错;原文没说wooden有金属外壳,C错。
11. The word depicts(描述) in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. imagines 想像
B. classifies 分类
C. elevates 上升
D. portrays刻画
解析:词汇题,动词。原句说有一种三维的怎么样人物的代表,选D。A、C与“人物”不搭,B后可以接“人物”,但不符合原句意思。
12. According to paragraph 4, what is the difference between statues that represent the Egyptian elite and statues that represent the nonelite classes? 根据第4段,代表埃及精英的雕塑和代表非精英阶层的雕塑之间的不同是什么?
A. Statues of the elite are included in tombs, but statues of the nonelite are not.精英的雕塑被装进坟墓里,但非精英的雕塑没有。(不对,第3句说非精英的雕塑被放进了精英人士的坟墓里)
B. Statues of the elite are in motionless poses, while statues of the nonelite are in active poses. 精英的雕塑处于静止的姿势,而非精英的雕塑处于活动的姿势。
C. Statues of the elite are shown standing, while statues of the nonelite are shown sitting or kneeling. 精英的雕塑被显示为站立,而非精英的雕塑被显示为坐或者跪。(不对,根据最后一句,站、坐和跪都是精英人士的雕塑的姿势)
D. Statues of the elite serve an important function, while statues of the nonelite are decorative. 精英的雕塑起重要作用,而非精英的雕塑是装饰性的。(根据第3句,非精英人士的雕塑起服务作用,而不是装饰性的)
解析:细节题。以elite和nonelite为关键词,定位出题句为第一句,题目问不同点,因此答案在“Unlike”这一句,正式的雕塑为静止姿势,而普通人物的雕塑有各种动作,因此选B。BC稍有迷惑,区别主要是静止还是要干活
13. Look at the four squares
[■] that indicate where
the following sentence could be added to the passage.
Where would the sentence best fit?
解析:句子插入题。由In fact 可知,这是一句总结,前文应有action这一词,因此选D。
Action 和figure根据两个名词可以确定C或D正确,但C不能构成in fact的转折关系
14.Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
The distinctive look of ancient Egyptian sculpture was determined largely by its function.
古埃及雕塑独特的样子主要由它的功能决定。
A. The twisted forms of Egyptian statues indicate their importance in ritual actions. 埃及雕塑扭曲的形式表明它们在仪式性活动中的重要性。(细节错误,根据第1段第3句话可知,埃及雕塑没有扭曲的形式)
B. The reason Egyptian statues are motionless is linked to their central role in cultural rituals. 埃及雕塑是静止的的原因与它们在文化仪式中的主要角色有关。(第2段的主旨)
C.Stone, wood, and metal statues all display the feature of frontality.
石头、木头和铁的雕塑都展示了正面描述的特征。(第3段的主旨)
D. Statues were more often designed to be viewed in isolation rather than placed within buildings. 雕塑更常被设计去被孤立地看待而不是被置放于建筑物内部。(细节错误,根据第2段最后一句话,一些雕塑会被放置于一个建筑场景中)
E. The contrasting poses used in statues of elite and nonelite Egyptians reveal their difference in social status.在精英和非精英的埃及人雕塑中运用的形成鲜明对比的姿势揭示了它们在社会地位方面的不同。(最后一段的主旨)
F. Although the appearances of formal and generic statues differ, they share the same function. 尽管正式的和一般的雕塑的外观不同,但是它们分担同一功能。(观点错误,根据最后一段的第2句话可知,它们的功能不同)