A. so useful a way       B. as a useful way  C. as useful a way     D. such a useful way

6. ---What’s wrong? You seem restless.  

  ---I was reduced to paying ____ price for it.

  A. double the           B. double of the    C. double                    D. double of

7. _____, the boys were shouting and singing.  

A.      Happy and excited                           B. Happily and excitedly  

C. To be happy and excited                    D. To be happily and excitedly

8. I’m glad to say that he’s already finished _____50% of the book in these three days.

  A. no less than        B. no more than    C. not more than          D. much less than

9. I’ll get there by six, if______.  

  A. not sooner           B. no sooner        C. not more quickly     D. no quick

10. The US is about the same size as China, but its population is five times ____. 

A.      as little               B. smaller             C. as few                    D. fewer

11. ----Is this ____book? 

  ---- Yes, it’s ___what I’m after.

  A. the very; just       B. the just; exactly  C. a very; just              D. the right; only

12. He has given up drinking. He drinks ______.  

  A. never again         B. not any more    C. no more                  D. once again

13. He hurried away, _____to meet his old friend.  

   A. looking forward   B. hoped             C. anxiously               D. eager

14. Everything was very expensive. I didn’t buy ____fruit, but I’ve got some _____apples. 

  A. any; big red        B. any; red big      C. much; big red          D. some red big

15. ---Are you going to the football game?  

   ---No, the tickets are ____expensive for me.

   A. very much        B. so much          C. far too                    D. highly

16. We’ll have to wait a ____two weeks to know the examination result.  

   A. other                B. further             C. another                   D. more

17. The little town has now grown into a modern big city, and is ___ what it used to be.  

A.      twice the size than  B. two times the size as  C. twice the size as  D. twice the size of

18. The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped ____. 

  A. the ill           B. the wounded    C. the brave                       D. the rich

19. He likes going fishing. He usually uses a ______.  

  A. bamboo long fishing pole                  B. long bamboo fishing pole

  C. pole long bamboo and fishing            D. bamboo fishing long pole

20. He was the _____at that moment. 

  A. only awake person                           B. only person awake 

C. awake only person                           D. person only awake

21. I think his suggestion is ____ bad, and that of yours is_____ good.  

  A. fairly too; rather   B. rather too; fairly  C. fairly; rather too  D. rather; fairly too

22. Would you be ___ to tell me he time by your watch?   

A.      so kind              B. kind enough     C. enough kind            D. very kind

23. The winners are _____children brought up in the country.   

A. almost                 B. mostly             C. most                      D. nearly

24. The technical college education is playing an important part today and its role will be ____ important.  

A.      no less               B. no more           C. none the less           D. not more

25. A few weeks spent in traveling can be just ______classes in school.  

A.      a part of one’s education useful as    B. as a useful part of one’s education as

C. part of one’s education as useful               D. a part of one’s education as useful as

26. ______, the thief didn’t take anything valuable but my notebook.   

A.      Strange it is        B. To be strange  C. Strangely enough     D. It was strange

27. His attitude towards me proved ________.

  A. well                   B. warmly            C. friendly                   D. nicely

28. She is ______than her younger sister.   

A.      less richer         B. not more rich     C. less rich                  D. not rich

29. ---What do you think of the plan?   

   ---I feel ___that we ought to give it up at once.    

  A. strong                B. stronger           C. strongly                  D. it strong

30. ---Did you enjoy the movie last night?   

   ---Yes, I didn’t expect it ______ wonderful.  

A. more                   B. as                    C. most                      D. much

六、动词时态、语态 

【要点点拨】

一、时态

（一）   现在进行时用法注意点：

1.状态性动词不用进行时态，包括（1）be和have,或者含有be 和have意义的动词，如：belong to, contain, depend on, own, possess等；（2）feel, sound, smell, taste等连系动词；（3）hear, see, find等表示结果的动词；（4）表示心理或情感状态的动词，如：believe, love, want, understand, wish等；

2.进行时态和副词always, forever等连用时，往往带有一定的感情色彩，如赞扬、批评、不满、抱怨等；

（二）   一般过去时与过去进行时的区别：

1.过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于动作的过程；一般过去时表示动作的完成，即动作发生过，且已结束，着眼于结果；如：

She was writing a report last night and I don’t know if she has finished it.(表示昨晚一直在写)

She wrote a report last night.（表示昨晚写了，并且写好了）

2.过去进行时与always, forever等词连用表示一定的感情色彩；

He was always throwing things about. (表示不满或讨厌)

（三）   将来时的几种表达：

	A	B	C	D
be going to	表示“计划、打算、安排将要做的事”时，主语只能是人	说话人说话之前已考虑过的	主语是物时，表示说话人根据某种迹象主观推测可能发生的事	不能用于含有条件句的主句中
will	表示将要发生某事或主语的“意愿”	说话人说话时刻才考虑到的	表示客观规律必然发生的	可用于含有条件句的主句或从句中表示“意愿”
be to	表示安排、计划要做的事	与第二人称连用，表示转述第三者的话	表示命令，相当于should / must	表示“能”“该”“想要”“注定、不可避免”
be about to	表示动作马上发生；句中不能再加at once, immediately和表示具体时间的词语；常有“be about to…..when”结构；

还可用一般现在时、现在进行时表示将来发生的动作；

（四）   将来进行时与将来完成时：

1.将来进行时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作，结构为：will / shall be doing

2.将来完成时表示到将来某时刻某动作已发生，结构为：will / shall have done,时间状语为：by+表将来时间的词语；

如：I’ll be climbing the mountain this time the day after tomorrow.

By the time he graduates from the college, he will have learned three foreign languages.

（五）   现在完成时及过去完成时的用法注意点：

1.瞬间性动词与延续性动词的正确使用：与how long, for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用时须用延续性动词，如：buy-have, keep-borrow, die-be dead, marry-be married, begin-be on, begin to know-know等；

2.注意have / had been to与have/ had gone to的区别；

3.现在完成时用在时间、条件等状语从句中，表示从句中的动作在主句动作前完成，如：

If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go to the park.

4.by+过去时间状语用过去完成时；

5.有些动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望，这类动词为：think, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose等；

I had intended to visit you yesterday, but the rain prevented me.

（六）   现在/过去完成进行时的用法：强调动作延续到说话时且还在进行；结构：have (has) / had been doing

比较：They have repaired the road.(表示路已修好)

They have been repairing the road. （表示路还在修）

有时两者可替换：She has taught in this middle school for ten years.

                She has been teaching in this school for ten years.

注意：完成进行时不可与瞬间性动词连用，如：finish, go, marry等；

（七）   某些固定句型中时态是固定的：

1.This / That / It is the first time +从句（用现在完成时）

2.It’s / has been +一段时间+since从句（用过去时）

3.Hardly / No sooner had sb. done when / than +从句（用过去时）

4.It will be +一段时间+before从句（用一般现在时）/ It was +一段时间+before从句（用过去时）

5. It’s time+从句（用过去时或should do）

6.would rather+从句（用一般过去时/过去完成时）

It’s getting late. I’d rather you took a taxi there.

The film was boring. I’d rather I hadn’t gone to see it.

二、语态

1.动词sell, write, read, open, lock, shut, wear, wash, keep, cook, cut, burn, run等与well, smoothly, easily等连用时，说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”，用主动代替被动；

2.表示状态特征的连系动词如smell, taste, feel, sound, look, prove等用主动语态表示被动意义；

3.不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态：come up, run out（用完）, give out（耗尽）, go out（熄灭）, come out（出版）, come to light, belong to, break out, lose heart, die out, own, have, possess, happen, occur等；

4.当want, require, need作“需要”解，后接doing/ to be done作宾语，此时动词do与主语为动宾关系；

5.be worth后接doing作宾语，用主动形式表示被动意义；

6.不定式to let（出租）, to blame（该受责备）表示被动意义；

7.在“主语+be+形容词（for sb.）+to do”结构中，to do用主动形式；

8.在“主语+谓语+宾语（名词）+动词不定式to do（作定语修饰前面的名词，且为动宾关系；主语与to do为主谓关系时，此动词不定式用主动形式；如：

I have a meeting to attend.

【各个击破】

1.       ------I took a photo of you just now.

-----Really? I _______ with attention.

A. didn’t look   B. wasn’t looking  C. am not looking  D. haven’t looked

2.       ------You haven’t said a word about my new hair-style. What do you think of it?

-----I’m sorry I _______ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty.

A. don’t say   B. wasn’t saying   C. didn’t say   D. haven’t said

3.       ------Can I help you, Madam?

-------No, thanks. I __________________.

A. have just looked around    B. just look around

C. am just looking around    D. just looked around

4.       ------That famous cherry trees _________ because of pollution.

-----Yes, we have to do something to save it.

A. has died   B. had died   C. is dead    D. is dying

5.       She ought to stop reading; she has a headache because she _______ too long.

A. had read   B. read   C. is reading   D. has been reading

6.       ------You’re talking too much.

-------Only at home. No one ______ me but you.

A. is hearing   B. had heard    C. hears    D. heard

7.       -------What have you been doing? I asked you a question. Why didn’t you answer?

-------Sorry, I ___________ to the news on the radio.

A. listened   B. have listened    C. was listening   D. had listened

8.       -------You should have told him the date earlier.

-------I_______, but he forgot about it.

A. did    B. have    C. had    D. should have

9.       ------You could have asked Tom for help, for he is good at physics.

-----Really? Oh, a whole night __________. Why didn’t you tell me earlier?

A. is wasted   B. was wasted   C. had wasted   D. has wasted

10.   The thief tried to break away from the policeman who __________ him but failed.

A. held   B. had held   C. would hold   D. was holding

11.   You _________exercises at your desk! Why not take some exercise?

A. always do   B. are always doing  C. have always done  D. have always been doing

12.----What were you up to when she dropped in?

  ----I ____ for a while and ____some reading.

A. was playing; was going to do   B. played; did

C. had played; was going to do    D. had played; did

13.Until then I _______ for him for hours in his office.

A. waited   B. was waiting   C. have been waiting  D. had been waiting

14.   -----Did you see Marty in the manager’s office?

-----Yes, he ______ by the manager.

A. is questioned   B. was being questioned  C. had been questioned   D. was questioned

15.   Look at this ! I _______ some magazines and _______ this card!

A. was looking through; found   B. am looking through; had found

C. looked through; had found    D. had looked through; finding

16.   ------Tom’s wife took the place of him to attend the conference.

-------I would rather Tom _______ there, not his wife.

A. had been   B. have been    C. was   D. went

17.   -------Listen!

------I _______ but I _________ anything at all.

A. listened; have heard   B. have listened; hear

C. was listening; wasn’t hearing  D. am listening; don’t hear

18.   The shop assistant promised me that the material ______ and what she said ______ to be true.

A. would be dried easily was proved   B. will be dried easily; was proved

C. dried easily; proved               D. was dried easily; proved

19. -----What place is it?

  -----Haven’t you seen that we _____ back where we ______?

A. were, had been   B. are, were  C. were, have been   D. are, had been

 

七、情态动词   

【要点点拨】

1. 表示请求和允许: can, could may,  might. 过去式使语气更委婉，答语应用原形。 

         --- Could I use your computer tomorrow morning?

--- Yes, you can.( 否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.)

2．表示推测：

理论可能性	can
可能性	肯定句	must, maymight, could
	疑问句	can
	否定句	can’t (不可能)，may not (可能不)

1)can表示理论上的可能性，指某事或情况可能发生，但并不说明实际上真的发生.

         Children can be very tiring.

 2)反意问句。  He may know the plan, doesn’t he?

You must have studied English before, haven’t you?

You can’ t have been caught in the rain last night, were you?

3．could & be able to 

在肯定句中could表示过去有“能力”做，was / were able to表示过去有能力而且确实做成了某一件事， 相当于managed to do…或succeeded in doing sth.

The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out.

4. may / might as well do sth  “还是…好”、“不妨”

You might as well tell me the truth. 你还是把真相告诉我的好。

5. must和have to

   1) must表示的是说话人的主观看法, 而have to强调客观需要。

2）否定形式含义不同。mustn’t禁止，不许可，don’t have to不必

3) must 偏要（做令人不快的事）eg. Must you shout so loudly?

6. shall和should

1)      表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示，用于第一、三人称。   

           When shall my father be able to leave hospital?

shall  2)表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁以及说话人的决心。

You shall go with me (命令)  / You shall have the book when I finish it.（允诺）

He shall be punished  （威胁）/ Nothing shall stop me from doing it. (决心)

1)    表示劝告和建议“应该”

2)    “按道理应当”“估计”(=ought to)

They should be there by now, I think.

         3） 用于第一人称表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

I should advise you not do that.我倒是劝你别这样做。

should  4） 在条件句中表示“万一”，主句不一定用虚拟语气。

Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him. /Should I be free tomorrow, I’ll come.

          5） Why / How + should 结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思， 意为“竟然”，也用在某些从句中。

        It seems so unfair that this should happen to me.这种事竟然发生在我身上真不公平。

7. will 和would

1)      表示意志和意愿。will 指现在，would指过去。

If you will listen to me, I’ll give you some advice.

2)      表示请求、建议，would比will委婉、客气。Will (Would ) you please pass me the book?

3)      表示习惯性动作，“总是”“惯于”，will指现在，would指过去。

Fish will die without water.

Every evening, she would sit by the window, deep in thought.

4). 表示功能， 意为“能” 或“行”  The machine won’t work.

5) 表示预料或猜想。It would be about ten when he left home.猜想他离开家时大约十点。

 8. would & used to

1)      表示过去持续的状态和情况用used to; would不与表示状态的动词连用。

There used to be a hospital here. / There would be a hospital here.( ×)

2)      would 常与often, sometimes, for hours等表示时间的副词（短语）连用。

We would sit in the yard every evening and listened to his story.

3)      used to 强调过去的行为同现在的对比，含有“过去怎样，而现在却不这样了”的含义. eg.  He will not spend the money on books as he used to.

9. dare 和need

两者作为情态动词都不用于肯定句，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。习惯用语I dare say（可能，或许，我揣测）除外。实义动词用法同于一般动词。但在否定句中，dare 后的to可省略，即：don’t / doesn’t dare  (to ) do…. need 作为实义动词时，用在否定句中时，其后的to不能省略。

He dare go there alone. ( ×)      He dares to go there.

He dares not go there alone. ( ×)        He dare not go there alone / He doesn’t dare  ( to ) go there alone.

He stood there without daring lift his head.(×)       He stood there without daring to lift his head.