过去分词作状语与高考试题

    过去分词作状语与高考试题
    一. 过去分词作状语时与句中主语之间的关系:过去分词作状语时表示句子中主语是该动作的承受者,即"动宾关系"。
    1._____ by the beauty of nature,the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farms.
    A.Attacting    B.Attracted     C.To be attracted      D.Having attracted
    2.______ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved the local police.
    A.Having lost     B.Lost        C.Being lost       D.Losting
    二.过去分词作状语所表示的意义
    过去分词在句中作状语时,可表示时间,原因,条件,伴随,让步等。如:
    1.______ with so much trouble,we failed to complete the task on time.
    A.Faced     B.Face     C.Facing      D.To face
    2.After his journey from abroad,Richard Jonnes returned home.______ .
    A.exhausting   B.exhausted    C.being exhausted     D.having exhausted
    3.No matter how frequently______,the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
    A.performed     B.performing     C.to be performed      D.being performed
    二. 使用过去分词作状语时容易错的两种情况
    1.忽视了分词作状语时其逻辑主语必须是句中主语(或主动或被动)。如:
    If heated,_______.  A.people can turn water into gas     B.one can change ice into water
    C.ice turns into water       D.people get water from ice
    ★ 若分词主语与句中主语不一致,则可以用其他方法来修正:
    ① 给分词添加自己的主语,构成独立主格结构或改变语态。②改为相应的状语从句来表达。
    ③用with的符合结构等。
    如:完成作业后,孩子们出去踢足球了。
    ( X )Finished their homework,the children went out to play football.
    (  )Their homework finished,the children went out to play football.(独立主格结构)
    (  )Having finished their homework,the children went out to play football.(现在分词完成形式)
    (  )With their homework finshed,the children went out to play football.(with的复合结构)
    (  )After finishing their homework,the children went out to play football.(介词+动名词)
    ★有些含有分词的固定插入语,其逻辑主语不要求与主语一致。如:
    judgng from(从…….来判断);  generally(frankly/exactly/…./ )speaking一般地(坦率地/确切地)说;  
    considering(考虑到)……; talking of(说到)….; supposing that(假使)….;seeing that(鉴于)…..等。
    如:eg. Considering his health,he was made to stay at home。
    2.不能正确区分doing(现在分词)和 done(过去分词)的用法
    (1)______ the progamme,they have to stay there for another two weeks.
    A.Not completing   B.Not completed   C.Not having completed  D.Having not completed
    (1)_______ many times,he still came to school late.
    A. Having told    B.Having been told      C.Told         D.Being told
    (3)_____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him.
    A.Losing    B.Having lost    C.Lost      D.Being lost
    翻译句子:1.不管翻译得多好,我们都不喜欢这首诗。
    2.一般来讲,男人比女人跑得快些。
    3.虽然他受到大家的嘲笑,但却得到我的同情(simpathy)。
    4.一旦这个工程开始了,就不会改变了。
    5.从太空上望去,地球看起来是兰色的。
    那个罪犯的手被捆在后面,被送到了警察局。(with)
    过去分词作宾语补足语
    一. 接过去分词(短语)做宾语补足语的四类动词及特殊结构
    1.感官动词:feel,see ,hear, watch,smell,taste,notice,observe ,find 等+ sth./sb. +done。如:
    I found all the windows broken.
    2表示"希望;要求"等意义的动词:want, should like, would like/love, wish, order等 + sb./ sth. + done。如:
    The police, finding the fim unhealthy, ordered it banned.
    3.使役动词:make, get, have,等+ sth./sb. + done。:如:
    I had my tap repaired.(=I asked someone to repair the tap.)
    注意:have/get sth. done 结构的三种不同的含义:
    (1)"请/让/叫别人(为自己做某事)",强调主语的意志.
    (2)"受到;遭受",表示一种经历.eg.She had her house damaged in the storm.
    (=Something bad had happened to her house.)
    (3)"使完成某事",此事可以是别人完成的也可以是自己参与的.如:
    She told me she had had her house repaired.
    (=She told me her house was repaired.)
    4.保持某种状态的动词:keep, leave等+ sth./sb. + done。如:
    Please keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
    5.特殊结构:with /without + 名词/代词 + done 结构,分词done 做名词/代词的宾语补足语.如:
    Do you know the girl with her hair tied back?
    They left without a plate untouched.
    二.两种分词(短语)作宾语补足语的区别
    1.及物动词的过去分词做宾语补足语时表被动;;现在分词则表示主动.如:
    We have our classroom cleaned after school every day.The teacher had Tom cleaning the classroom today.
    2.不及物动词的过去分词做宾补时,表示动作的完成,分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前;现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行。如
    When I got home,I found my wallet gone.(gone"丢"的动作已经完成)
    When I came here ,I saw Li Lei reading an English book.
    不定式作宾语补足语的情况---主语补足语或宾语补足语
    区别:1.I saw him crying under the tree. (宾语补足语)He was seen crying under the tree.(主语补足语)
    2.I saw him brought into the court. (宾语补足语)He was seen brought into the court. (主语补足语)
    3.I saw him close the door. (宾语补足语)He was seen to close the door. (主语补足语)
    分词大练兵:
    一. 1.When we were passed by I saw a soldier______ in the river and found his horse_____ to a big tre.
    A.swim;tie    B.to swim;to tie    C.swimming;tied     D.swum;tying
    2.I was having my bike___ in the street when I heard my name_____.
    A.repaired;called    B.repairing;to call    C.repaired;calling      D.to repaire;call
    3.He speaks a strange language.Whatever he said,he couldn't make himself_______.
    A.understand     B.to understand    C.understanding     D.understood
    4.What surprised me was to see some important people in the town____ in the chairs at the back of our classroom.
    A.seating   B.seated     C.seat     D.to be seated
    5.I find it_____ that you can't play football.But team cooperation(合作)won't make you _____.
    A.amazing;embarrassed    B.amazed;embarrassed    C.amazing;embarrassing   D.amazed;embarrassing
    6.The policemen brought in two thieves who were caught______in the supermarket.
    A.steal    B.stilen    C.stealing     D.to stealing
    7.The students studied the plan that they would like to see_____ the next term.
    A.carry out    B.carrying out    C.carried out     D.to carry out
    8.--- Can I park here?  --- Anyone____ here will be fined 100 dollars.
    A.seen parking    S.seeing parked     C.seen parked     D.seeing parking
    9.A cook will be fired immediately if he is found___ in the kitchen.
    A.smoke    B.smoking    C.to smoke    D.smoked
    10.John rushed out in a hurry,  ____ the door____.
    A.leaving;unlocked   B.leaving;unlocking  C.left;unlocked   D.to leave;unlocked
    11._____in a white unform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor..
    A.Dresses   B.To dress   C.Dressing    D.Having dresses
    13.When ____ help,one often says"Thank you" or "It's kind of you."
    A.offering   B.to offer    C.to be offered    D.offered
    14._____ more attention,the tree could have grown better.
    A.Given    B.To give    C.Giving    D.Having given
    15.In order not to be disturbed,he spent three hours______ in his study.
    A.to lock    B.locking     C.locked     D.being locked
    16._____ the general state of his health,it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
    A.given    B.To give   C.Giving    D.Having given
    17.The hunter went out with a gun,____ by his dog.
    A.following    B.followed    C.being followed    D.to be followed
    18.____ on twice,he was cured at last
    A.Being operated    B.Operated    C.Having operated    D.Having been operated
    19.Friendship is like money.Easier made than ____
    A.kept    B.to be kept    C.keeping    Having kept
    20.____ anything about the accident,he went to work as usual.
    A.Not known    B.Known not   C.Knowing not   D.Not knowing
    21.______ , the players tried their best to win the game for their country.
    A.Greatly encouraged   B.Having greatly encouraged 
    C.To be greatly encouraged  D.Greatly encouraging
    22.--- Will you go to the party?---- Of course,I will____.
    A.if invited   B.if having invited  C.if I was invited   D.if I will be invited
    23._____wit so many difficulties,I guess school was one of the last things on my mind.
    A.face    B.Facing    C.Being faced    D.To be faced
    24.He is often found_____ his research work.
    A.buried in   B.taking    C.deep thought   D.deeply thinking
    25.The old hostess stood____ for a moment when she saw a begger_____before her suddenly.
    A.surprising;appear  B.surprised ;appear  C.surprising;appearing  D.surprised;appearing
    26.____greatly by what he had heard and seen,he made up his mind to stand on his own feet again.
    A.Inspiring   B.To be inspired    C.Being inspired   D.Inspired
    27.The_____ expressionon her face suggested that she ____ the results.
    A.astonishing;didn't expected   B.shocked ;hadn't expected  
    C.surprised;not expected       D.tired;doesn't expected
    28._____ in ancient time,the book is still popular with readers today.
    A.Though it written   B.Though written   C.It was written    D.Written it was
    29.Though ____ the third time,we didn't lose heart.
    A.having refused   B.refusing    C.being refused    D.refused
    30._____ from the moon,our earth with water____ twenty percent of its surface,appears as a bliue ball.
    A,Seen;covered   B.Seen;covering    C.Seeing;covering    D.To see;to cover
    二. 填空:1.Iheard the song _______seven times last week.(sing)
    2.What the angry teacher said left the student who was late ______ what to do.(wonder)
    3.When I got into the classroo,I heard the topic of football _____ warmly.(disguss)
    4.We often hear about planes______ because of technical reason.(delay)
    5.With a small river______ in front,the small village looks very beautiful.(lie)
    6.---What happened to Mr Smith early this morning?
    ---- Oh,he was seen______ down by a passing car.(knock)
    7.With the difficult problem_____,the newly elected president is spending a happy holiday
    with his family at the seaside.(settle)
    8.We should keep them_____ of what is going on here(inform)
    9.Listen!Can you hear someone_____ at the door?(knock)
    10.A close football match keeps the footballers_____all the time.(run)
    11.The parent wanted to have their son_____in the hospital because the teacher
    had him_____ for three hours for being late..(examine;stand)
    12.When they found their team won the first match,the Korean football fans
    fell a great weight______off their minds.(take)
    13.The unlucky student was caught _____ in the important exam.(cheat)
    14.The mother was glad to see her children well ____ care of in the nursey.(take)
    15.The French football team didn't win the match against the Korean football team,____the
    French football fans disappointed and sad.(leave)
    16.____from the top of the mountain,the whole city looks beautiful.(see)
    17._______ with twenty years ago,the life now has changed so much.(compare)
    18.________ from his accent ,he must be from the South.(judge)
    19._________ adequate preparations,they thought it better to put off the meeting until next week.(not make)
    20.The long-lasting war,filled with blood and deaths,ended in people's sadness,_____no result.(reach)
    21._______ by many students in came the English teacher,______ the serious inspector.(follow)
    22.The most common thing to do on the earth can be a big threat if not______ properly,
    according to the designer of the spaceship.(handle)
    23.In order to pass the college entrance examination,he spent every day______ in his room.(lock)
    24.______ as the bird flu,the disease used to shock the whole nation.(know)
    25.______ the film twice,she didn't want to go to the cinema.(see)
    26.______ such a good chance,how could she let it slip away?(give)
    27.______the difficult situation,he could do nothing but wait for luck to come.(face)
    28. It's polite for students to answer the teacher's questions______ up.(stand)
    29.______ he is an experienced teacher,many young teachers ask him for advice.(know