外研版必修一Unit1 Developing ideas阅读拓展案例

【拓展阅读案例介绍】外研版必修一Unit1 Developing ideas部分，Lisa引用了美国著名黑人作家Maya Angelou的名言“Be a rainbow in somebody else’s cloud”，该名言选自起作品Letter to my daughter，教学中可以把相关背景知识补充介绍给学生，了解其奋斗的一生，了解她的其他作品。

Letter to my daughter《致女儿书》

 

马雅安哲罗 (1928-2014)个人简介：

美国才华洋溢的黑人作家，出版了 6 本自传，5 本散文，数部诗集，并为许多戏剧、电影和电视节目当过编剧，获得众多奖项和超过 30 个荣誉博士学位。1928年4月4日，美国诗人玛雅·安吉罗的作品《我知道笼中鸟为什么歌唱》受到评论界的一致好评。她出版了许多以种族和身份为主题的自传、散文和诗歌。在她50多年的文学生涯中，她因其作品对政治思想和政治立场的杰出贡献而获得了来自世界各地的诸多奖项和荣誉学位。她是当代作家中最有名的一个。玛雅·安吉罗(Maya Angelou，1928年-)，美国黑人作家、诗人、剧作家、编辑、演员、导演和教师。她的作品深刻展现了美国黑人所面临的各种斗争。宣扬人文精神在消除种族歧视和贫穷方面的胜利，是安吉罗作品的一个主题。她在一系列自传中，以编年体形式，记载了自己从幼年被奸污到在加纳工作的不同经历。开篇是《我知道笼中鸟为何唱歌》(1970年)。故事时间开始于大萧条时期，描写了一个非洲裔女孩在当时的成长经历。最艰难的部分在于她是一个贫民窟的黑人小女孩，而且成长在黑人受尽岐视和屈辱的年代。但她最终成为一个著作等身的诗人、作家、导演、教授。不但获奖无数，而且是推动民权的代表人物之一。但所谓励志的部分在于：无论世俗怎么束缚、怎么阻碍，都永远努力让自己更丰富、更幸福，笑得阳光灿烂。就像她写的诗《Still I rise》里的句子：“你们可以将我践踏成尘，但我仍会像尘埃一样上升”。在孤独与黑暗里，自己给自己力量，自己为自己鼓掌。

  《致女儿书》并非是写给自己的女儿的，而是写给千千万万的女儿、母亲等等置身阴霾却向往彩虹的人的。

 

Dear Daughter,

 

This letter has taken an extraordinary time getting itself together. I have all along known that I wanted to tell you directly of some lessons I have learned and under what conditions I have learned them.

My life has been long, and believing that life loves the liver of it, I have dared to try many things, sometimes trembling, but daring, still. I have only included here events and lessons which I have found useful. I have not told how I have used the solutions, knowing that you are intelligent and creative and resourceful and you will use them as you see fit.

You will find in this book accounts of growing up, unexpected emergencies, a few poems, some light stories to make you laugh and some to make you meditate.

There have been people in my life who meant me well, taught me valuable lessons, and others who have meant me ill and, have given me ample notification that my world is not meant to be all peaches and cream.

I have made many mistakes and no doubt will make more before I die. When I have seen pain, when I have found that my ineptness has caused displeasure, I have learned to accept my responsibility and to forgive myself first, then to apologize to anyone injured by my misreckoning. Since I cannot un-live history, and repentance is all I can offer God, I have hopes that my sincere apologies were accepted.

You may not control all the events that happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them. Try to be a rainbow in someone’s cloud. Do not complain. Make every effort to change things you do not like. If you cannot make a change, change the way you have been thinking. You might find a new solution.

Never whine. Whining lets a brute know that a victim is in the neighborhood.

Be certain that you do not die without having done something wonderful for humanity.

I gave birth to one child, a son, but I have thousands of daughters. You are Black and White, Jewish and Muslim, Asian, Spanish-speaking, Native American and Aleut. You are fat and thin and pretty and plain, gay and straight, educated and unlettered, and I am speaking to you all. Here is my offering to you.

 亲爱的女儿，

这封信花了很长时间才凑齐。我一直都知道，我想直接告诉你们我学到的一些教训，以及在什么条件下学到的。

 在我漫长的生命中，我相信生活爱那些活在其中的人。我敢于尝试许多事情，有时令人生畏的，但我仍然敢去做。我只在这里列出了我认为有用的事件和教训。我没有讲我是用了哪些解决方案的，因为我知道你聪明，有创造力，也很办法，你会找到适合自己的解决办法。

在这本书里，你会发现一些关于成长的故事，一些意外的突发事件，一些诗，一些让你发笑的轻松故事，还有一些让你沉思的故事。

 

在我的生活中，有些人对我很好，给了我宝贵的教训，还有一些人对我很不好，他们给了我足够的警醒，告诉我，我的世界不总是岁月静好。

 我犯了很多错误，在我的有生之年肯定会犯更多的错误。当我看到了痛苦，当我发现自己的无能引起了不快，我学会了接受自己的责任：先原谅自己，然后向任何因我的错误而受伤的人道歉。既然我不能脱离历史，忏悔是我所能奉献给上帝的全部，我希望我真诚的道歉能被接受。

  你可能无法控制发生在你身上的所有事件，但你可以决定不被它们削弱你的意志。试着与人为善。不要抱怨。尽一切努力改变你不喜欢的事情。如果你不能改变，那就改变你的思维方式。你可能会找到一个新的解决办法。

  （碰到困难）不要哭泣。哭泣会让一个野兽知道一个猎物就在附近。

   一定要确保你活着的时候，为人类做过一些很棒的事情。

   我生了一个孩子，一个儿子，但我有成千上万的女儿。你是黑人和白人，犹太人和穆斯林，亚洲人，讲西班牙语，美洲土著人和阿留申人。你们有胖有瘦，有漂亮有朴素，有受过教育有不识字，我要对你们所有人说。这是我给你的礼物。

 

附：Maya Angelou的诗歌Still I rise

 

Still I rise

 You may write me down in history

With your bitter, twisted lies,

You may tread me in the very dirt

But still, like dust, I'll rise.

Does my sassiness upset you?

Why are you beset with gloom?

'Cause I walk like I've got oil wells

Pumping in my living room.

 

Just like moons and like suns,

With the certainty of tides,

Just like hopes springing high,

Still I'll rise.

 

Did you want to see me broken?

Bowed head and lowered eyes?

Shoulders falling down like teardrops.

Weakened by my soulful cries.

 

Does my haughtiness offend you?

Don't you take it awful hard

'Cause I laugh like I've got gold mines

Diggin' in my own back yard.

 

You may shoot me with your words,

You may cut me with your eyes,

You may kill me with your hatefulness,

But still, like air, I'll rise.

 

Does my sexiness upset you?

Does it come as a surprise

That I dance like I've got diamonds

At the meeting of my thighs?

 

Out of the huts of history's shame

I rise

Up from a past that's rooted in pain

I rise

I'm a black ocean, leaping and wide,

Welling and swelling I bear in the tide.

Leaving behind nights of terror and fear

I rise

Into a daybreak that's wondrously clear

I rise

Bringing the gifts that my ancestors gave,

I am the dream and the hope of the slave.

I rise

I rise

I rise.

 

Maya Angelou作品名句选：

 

No matter what happens, or how bad it seems today, life does go on, and it will be better tomorrow.”

– Maya Angelou, Poet

「不管发生什么，不管今天看起来多么糟糕，生活都会继续，明天会更好。」

 

You may not control all the events that happen to you, but you can decide not to be reduced by them.

或许你无法掌控自己的遭遇，但你可以决定自己是否因此而堕落。

 

If you don’t like something, change it. If you can’t change it, change your attitude. Don’t complain.

如果你不喜欢某件事，改变它；如果你不能改变它，就改变自己的态度。不要抱怨。

 

First best is falling in love. Second best is being in love. Least best is falling out of love. But any of it is better than never having been in love.

最美好的事莫过于爱上一个人，其次是与TA相爱，最糟糕的便是分手。但都好于从未爱过。

 

We spend precious hours fearing the inevitable. It would be wise to use that time adoring our families, cherishing our friends and living our lives.

与其浪费宝贵的时间对无法逃避之事忧心忡忡，倒不如珍爱家人、珍惜朋友、享受生活，实为明智。

 

I don't trust anyone who doesn't laugh.

我从不相信不爱笑的人。

 

Love recognizes no barriers. It jumps hurdles, leaps fences, penetrates walls to arrive at its destination full of hope.

爱情面前畅行无碍，它将跨越栏杆、跳过栅栏、穿过围墙到达满怀憧憬的终点。

 

 

When you learn, teach. When you get, give.

当你学有所悟，就分享你的领悟。

当你业有所就，就回馈你的成就。

 

I've learned that people will forget what you said, people will forget what you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel.

人们或会忘记你所说所做，但他们会铭记那时你给他们带来的感受。

 

You can't use up creativity. The more you use, the more you have.

常常发挥自己的创造力，你会发现发挥的越多，拥有的越多。

 

You can only become truly accomplished doing something you love. Don't make money your goal. Instead pursue the things you love doing and then do them so well that people can't take their eyes off you.

做自己真正爱做的事，而不唯利是图。一个专心致志做自己喜欢的事并有所成就的人，才是个值得尊敬的人。

 

Hate, it has caused a lot of problems in the world, but has not solved one  yet.

憎恨只会别生枝节，而对人无益。

 

When I look back, I am so impressed again with the life- giving power of literature. If I were a young person today, trying to gain a sense of myself in the world, I would do that again by reading, just as I did when I was young.

回顾往事，文学作品的生命力让我记忆犹新。如果我现在还是年轻人，我还会像年轻时那样，通过阅读感知世界。

 

There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.

最苦恼的莫过于心中藏事却无法倾诉。

 

Courage is the most important of all the virtues because without courage, you can’t practice any other virtue consistently.

勇气是所有品质中最重要的。因为没有勇气，你就无法去保持其他的品质。

 

If I am not good to myself, how can I expect anyone else to be good to me?

如果我自暴自弃，又何以期待他人对自己挚深重义。

 

You can never be great at anything unless you love it.

只有做自己爱做的事，才会做到最好。

 

You may shoot me with your words. You may cut me with your eyes. You may kill me with your hatefulness. But still, like air, I'll rise.

你可以用恶毒的言语侮辱我，你可以用仇恨的眼神藐视我，你也可用尽所有憎恨想方设法置我于死地，尽管如此，就如同这无所不在的空气一样，我仍然屹立不倒。