15.增加

1. I’m sorry my coming ______ your trouble.

A. has added up      B. has added up to      C.has added to       D.added

2. Even a pupil knows three ______ to five makes eight.

A. added            B. adding             C. adds             D. added up

3. With our living astanard ______ up, we have to spend more money every day.

A. rises             B. rising              C. raises            D. raising

※ add to 添加     add…to… 把…加到…里       add up to 总共，总计

   with 的复合结构，即with+宾语+宾补（adj, adv, 介词短语，doing , done , to do）

   rise 是不及物动词，（价格，河水，生活水平等）上升

   raise是及物动词， 使…升起

   raise one’s voice  

   raise one’s hand  （=put up one’s hand）

   raise a family

   raise sheep/pigs (=feed sheep/pigs)

   raise / collect money for

   raise a question (=put forward a question)

   ask for a life/ ride

   give sb. a lift / ride

词汇拓展

in total = in all     totally = completely      总共

sum 总数，金额   a large sum of money 一大笔钱

sum up 总计

improve vt. Vi. 提高，改进      

increase vt. 增加

decrease vt. 减少

reduce vt. 减少，缩小

lift vt. 举起   n. 电梯，搭车

multiply           devide              plus             minus

 

16. 邮政

1. Your mother’s birthday is just in three day’s time. Why not have this letter ______?

A. post        B. posted        C. mail         D.mailing

2. Could you give me the letter ______ to my father?

A. address     B. addressing     C. addressed     D. to address

3. Yesterday my friend Tony sent ______ at a time.

A. as many as 50 postcards       B. as many 50 postcards

C. 50 postcards as many as        D. as 50 postcards many as

※ have sth.done  固定搭配 ， “让别人干某事” “遭受…之苦”

   address a letter to sb.  “写信给某人”

   as many as + 具体数字  “多达…”

词汇拓展

address    n. 地址，演讲     vt. 写姓名地址；演讲

________  n. 信；字母  

________  vt. 邮寄   n. 邮件  mailbox      e-mail

________  vt. 张贴；邮递   n. 岗位   

post office         postcard         postman        postage        postcode

deliver  vt. 递送；陈述       deliver a speech in English

 

17. 褒贬

1. At the meeting the teacher praised us for ______ we had done.

A. that         B. which         C. what        D. /

2. You are late again for the meeting. Don’t you know you are ______?

A. to be blamed         B. to blame         C. blame        D. blaming

3.Many people try their best to help the poor in this area______.

A. out of envy         B. out of date        C. out of pity      D. out of order

※ be to blame  主动形式，“应受责备”

out of envy  出于嫉妒 ； out of date  过时；

out of pity 出于同情   ； out of order 秩序混乱

 

It was fine yesterday but the driver was fined for his too high speed.

昨天天气______, 但那司机却因速度太快而被_______.

When she was awarded as best actress she rewarded her director.

当荣获为最佳女演员时，她酬谢她的导演。

词汇拓展

admire ab for sth.                          （admiration  n.）

praise sb. for sth. 

punish sb for sth.

scold sb. for sth.

blame sb. for sth.

award sb. for sth.

reward sb. for sth.              in reward =in reture  作为回报

prize  奖品；奖金             the Noble Prize for Physics        the first prize一等奖

 

18．允许

1. Time______, I’ll stay here for another five minutes.

A. permits         B. permitted        C. permitting        D. permission.

2. To tell the truth, we never allow______ in our dormitory.

A. smoke          B. to smoke        C. smoking          D. to smoking

3. It was raining hard, so Mum ______ me going out to meet my friends.

A. kept            B. prevent         C. stopped           D. forbids

※ 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语需和句子主语保持一致，不一致时在作状语的分词短语前添加该分词短语自己的逻辑主语，这样形成的结构叫独立主格结构。

 allow / permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事   allow/permit doing  允许做某事

 keep sb doing 使某人保持做某事

 keep sb from doing 不让某人做某事 = prevent/stop sb (from) doing 阻止某人做某事

 

The stepmother kept scolding Tom but kept him from saying a word.

汤姆的继母不停地斥责汤姆，却连一句话也不让他说。

词汇拓展

admit vt. 允许；承认；接纳    allow for 考虑，顾及

permit vt. 允许，准许  n. 许可证；执照  

permission   n. 许可     with one’s permission  在某人的允许下

forbid—forbade—forbidden  vt. 禁止 forbid sb. to do 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing禁止做

ban n. 禁止，禁令    be under a ban 被禁止

 

19. 成人

1. In his ______, the famous athlete Liu Xiang tries his best to train hard. In 2006 he broke the world’s record and his career has taken off at last.

A. childhood        B. full age        C. old age      D. youth

2. This kind of bood is not for children but for ______.

A. grown up        B. adult          C. grow up      D. grown-ups

3. The baby was so lovely that I couldn’t help kissing______.

A. her             B. him           C. it            D. he

※ in one’s youth 年轻时代 

   in one’s childhood      in one’s full age      in one’s old age

   grown-ups = adult  成年人

   不知性别的child, baby用it 指代

 

词汇拓展

adult  n. 成年人=grown-ups     grow up 长大成人     bring up  抚养长大

middle-aged 中年的

childish 孩子气的

baby   babaysit 照看孩子   babysitter  临时保姆    kindergarten 幼儿园

 

20. 先进

1. House price ______ quickly, many people are complaining about it.

A. advancing         B. advances        C. advanced         D. advance

2. He is a teacher of rich ______ experience, but he had ______ hard experience when he worked abroad two years ago.

A. an; a             B. a; a             C. /; a              D. / ; the

3. Our monitor has set us a good example in studies and we should ______ him.

A. receive           B. copy            C. learn             D. study

4. What ______ you have made! Congratulations on your success.

A. rapid progress     B. a rapid progress    C. rapid progresses     D. a progress

※  copy sb 效仿某人= learn from sb 向某人学习

    make progress 取得进步    progress 不可数

词汇拓展

advance  v. n. 前进；提前

advance  adj.  先进的；高级的  

in advance = ahead of time  提前       

in time = without delay 及时；豪不耽搁

on time

at a time

at one time = once upon a time

 

21. 优点

1. As senior 3 students, we should take advantage of every minute, ______ we?

A. don’t        B. aren’t        C. shouldn’t        D. should

2. Speaking English very well is the girl’s ______. Sop she has got the job.

A. weakness    B. disadvantage   C. strong point      D. shortcoming

3. ______ of our great motherland, we all spare no effort to work for her.

A. Be proud    B. Being proud    C. Take pride       D. Proud

※ 形容词短语做伴随状语

   The sun has risen, red.

   He sat there, silent.

   The children went home, happy and gay.

词汇拓展

advantage  n. 优势，有利条件   take advantage of  充分利用，欺骗

disadvantage  n. 劣势，不利条件  = shortcoming  缺点，不足 = weakness 弱点

proud  adj. 骄傲的     pride  n. 骄傲   be proud of = take pride in  为…骄傲/自豪

modest  adj. 谦虚的

glory  n. 光荣，荣誉      glorious   adj. 光荣的

 

22. 危险

1. He is fond of ______ adventure and a flight to space is quite ______ adventure.

A. an; an        B. an; /         C. / ; /         D. /; an

2.In such bad weather few people risk ______ so fast on the road.

A. to drive       B. drive        C. driving      D. drove

3. The teacher pollution makes some kinds of animals in ______ danger of dying out.

A.  a           B. the         C. /           D. an

※ advanture 指一次冒险行为是可数名词，泛指冒险时是不可数名词

   risking doing  冒险做…

   in danger  处境危险      in trouble   处境困难

词汇拓展

adventure   v. 冒险       adventurous   adj.  冒险的

danger  n. 危险          dangerous  adj. 危险的

safe  adj.  安全的  n. 保险箱   safety   n.  安全；保险 

insurance    n.  保险

23.    广告

1.This well-known company often puts an advertisement ______ the newspaper.

A. in            B. on           C. at             D. to

2. Did you pay attention to the announcement ______ by our government?

A. making          B. to be made     C. made          D. being made

3. If I had come here earlier , I ______ notice od the poster.

A. would have taken  B. would take     C. took           D. had taken

※  in the newspaper  强调报纸上的内容

make an announcement  宣布

词汇拓展

advertise   vt. 作广告，登广告  

advertisement  n. 广告   put an advertisement on TV

advertiser  n. 登广告者

poster  n. 海报；布告张贴者

announce vt.  宣布   

announcement  n. 宣告；通知     make an announcement   宣布

declare  vt. 宣称；宣告

declaration  n.  宣告； 宣言

 

23. 建议

1.The foreigners suggested ______ planting more trees on the bank of river.

A. we            B. you            C. they              D. he and I

2. Mum tried to ______ Dad into giving up smoking but failed.

A. suggest       B. advise         C. persuade          D. recommend

3. ______ practical advice ! Let’s accept it and carry it out.

A. What a        B. How            C. What              D. How a

※ suggest sb doing     

   suggest that sb (should) do

   try to persuade  试图说服（结果不一定成功）

   advice 是不可数名词   a piece of advice     take / follow one’s advice

                                               give sb some advice

词汇拓展

advise   v.                   advice  n.

suggest  v.                   suggestion  n.

recommend  v. 推荐           recommendation  n.

persuade  v. 说服；劝说