应同学们要求，把上周《英文电影分析与评论》的课堂笔记发出来供参考！

The Basic Stories                              

 Writers such as Rory Johnston have argued that there are a limited number of stories from the basis for all fictional narratives. There stories have been named

1.      Achilles(阿喀琉斯)

2.      Candide(康迪德)

3.      Cinderella  (灰姑娘)

4.      Circe(喀耳刻)

5.      Faust(浮士德)

6.      Orpheus(俄耳普斯)

7.      Romeo and Juliet (罗密欧与朱丽叶)

8.      Tristan (特里斯坦)

9.      Wandering Jew(流浪的犹太人)

They can occur alone or in combination.

 罗里·约翰斯顿等作家认为，所有的虚构叙述都是建立在几个基本的故事类型基础上的。这些基本故事类型是:阿喀琉斯、康迪德、灰姑娘、喀耳刻、浮士德、俄耳普斯、罗密欧与朱丽叶、特里斯坦和流浪的犹太人。这些故事类型可以单独出现。也可以结合在一起。

These story categories should be interpreted quite loosely. For example, the "Faust" story is the story of an individual who sells his soul to the devil, but this devil is not usually a literal devil but a metaphorical one ---i.e., money, success, power, or fame. Likewise the "Wandering Jew" story is rarely the story of a Jew as such. Much more often it needs to be interpreted more broadly as the story of an individual who is alienated from his society and can never properly reintegrate.

    我们阐述这些故事类型的时候不要过于严格。例如，"浮士德"讲的是一个人把灵魂出卖给了魔鬼，这个魔鬼不一定是一个真正的魔鬼，可能是一个隐喻----例如荣华富贵和功名利禄。同样，"流浪的犹太人"也很少真的指--个离开家乡的犹太人。通常来讲这是一个比较宽泛的比喻，指的是一个离开了自己的社会并永远无法真正回归的人。