PROGRAM MUSIC is the term applied to a musical composition that is meant to tell a story or suggest a theme—that is, music based on a nonmusical concept. Program music is contrasted with absolute music, which depends for its effect on musical values alone. See ABSOLUTE MUSICAL.

标题音乐是应用于一种音乐作品的术语，意在讲述一个故事或暗示一个主题---换言之，是一种基于非音乐概念的音乐。标题音乐是与纯音乐相对照的，这只取决于它对音乐价值的影响。

   Frequently, the title of a programmatic composition suggests the composer’s purpose, as in Beethoven’s Pastoral Symphony or Berlioz’ Symphonie fantastique. In some cases, the music is provided with an explanatory text, or program.

    通常，标题音乐作品的名称暗示了作曲家的目的，就像贝多芬的《田园交响曲》，或者柏辽兹的《幻想交响曲》那样。在某些情况下，音乐还带有说明文本，或节目单。

Apart from vocal music, which is almost exclusively program music, the most familiar form is the symphonic poem, or tone poem, in which the composer intends to evoke very specific characters, event, or ideas. This type includes Dukas’ The Sorcerer’s Apprentice and Richard Strauss’ Till Eulenspiegel’s Merry Pranks. In The Pines of Rome, Respighi aimed for such realism that he used the recorded song of a nightingale as part of the score. In Prokofiev’s Peter and the Wolf a running narration accompanies the music. See also Symphonic Poem.

除了几乎唯一是专门标题音乐的声乐外，最常见的形式是交响诗，或诗曲，在这些形式中，作曲家试图唤起非常明确的人物角色、事件或观念。这类作品包括杜卡的《魔法师的学徒》和理查德·施特劳斯的《蒂尔的恶作剧》。在《罗马的松树》中，雷斯皮吉以这样的现实风格为目标，使用了记录的夜莺歌唱作为配乐的一部分。在普罗科菲耶夫的《彼得与狼》中，旁白一直伴随着音乐。也可参阅交响诗词条。

                                           2022年7月1日译

（译者注：该词条位列《大美百科全书》1985年版，第22卷，第642页）