独立主格结构无疑是英文文法的难点之一。要掌握这一语法架构需要明确以下几个问题：

1.什么是独立主格结构？ 答：语法上与主句脱离但在意义上与主句联系紧密的一个从句。

2.独立主格结构干什么的？ 答：这哥们就是个状语从句。

3.独立主格结构放哪里呢？ 答：这哥们没什么脾气，句首、句中、句尾都可以。

4.独立主格结构长什么样子呢？答：这个哥们一共有16个兄弟，得慢慢一一认识他们。

1）名词（代词主格）+ 名词

Stone our teacher， we are proud of him.

2) 名词（代词主格）+ 现在分词/过去分词

Weather permitting, we will have a picnic.

All things considered，it is not such a bad deal.

3）名词（代词）+ 形容词

The floor wet and slippery, we had to stay outside.

4）名词（代词）+ 副词

He put on his socks, wrong side out.

5) 名词（代词）+ 不定式

Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.

6）名词（代词）+ 介词短语

She stood silent, her head slightly on one side.

7) it + being + adj

It being a fine day, we decided to go outing.

8) there being/having been + 名词

There being no bus now, we have to go home on foot.

9) with + 名词/代词 + 名词

He came into the classroom, with his cap in hand.

10) with + 名词/代词 + 代词

With this half mine, and that half yours, let's sit down and eat them up.

11) with + 名词/代词 + adj

Stone likes to sleep with the windows open.

12) with + 名词/代词 + 副词

With everybody here， let's begin our seminar.

13) with + 名词/代词 + 介词短语

The soldiers marched on with guns on their shoulders.

14) with + 名词/代词 + 不定式

With only two days to go, we can't stop doing it.

15) with + 名词/代词 + 现在分词/过去分词

Stone fell asleep， with all the lights burning.

16) without 引导的

without anyone noticing， i slipped through the window.