直接引语变间接引语的人称变化倒不是中国学生的难点，但是对于时态的变化却使很多学生一筹莫展。这篇文章里给大家解决这一问题。

二、如何变时态：
直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。
但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。
“间接引语”高考题点评
 
高考考查“间接引语”主要以宾语从句和不定式作宾补的形式出现。考查的内容有：

一、“不定式作宾补”句式

【高考真题1】The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him _____ ．（NMET95）

A．not to     B．not to do

C．not do it  D．do not to

点评：tell sb．（not）to do sth．是祈使句直接引语变间接引语时的常用句式。谓语动词要求用及物动词，常见的用于此句式的谓语动词有tell，warn，ask等。此题答案为A。to后面省去了相同的不定式部分。

【高考真题2】Mrs．Smith warned her daughter ______ after drinking．（MET91）

A．never to drive   B．to never drive

C．never driving    D．never drive

点评：warn要求用不定式作宾补，故可排除C和D。 never是否定词，应放在不定式符号to前面，故答案为A。

二、宾语从句的语序

【高考真题3】He asked ______ for the violin．（NMET92）

A．did Ipay how much   B．Ipaid how much

C．how much did Ipay   D．how much Ipaid

点评：宾语从句要求使用陈述句语序，而非一般疑问句语序，故答案为D。

【高考真题4】Someone is ringing the doorbell．Go and see ______ ．（2000年上海）

A．who is he   B．who he is

C．who is it   D．who it is

点评：A、C不符合宾语从句的语序，可排除。英语中常用it代替不明身份的或心目中的人，故答案为D。

三、宾语从句的时态呼应

【高考真题5】Iwonder why Jenny ______ us recently．We should have heard from her by now．（NMET2002）

A．hasn't written   B．doesn't write

C．won't write      D．hadn't written

点评：如果主句是祈使句或主句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，宾语从句谓语动词可根据句意的需要而用任何一种时态。本题recently暗示从句中应用现在完成时态，故答案为A。

【高考真题6】The reporter said that the UFO ______ east to west when he saw it．（NMET2000）

A．was travelling

B．travelled

C．had been traveling

D．was to travel

点评：本题的句意是：记者说当他看见飞碟时，它正从东向西飞过。从句要用过去进行时态，答案为A。当主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态（如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时等）。但如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。如：

The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west．

【高考真题7】When Jack arrived，he learned Mary ______ for almost an hour．（MET92）

A．had gone   B．had set off

C．had left   D．had been away

点评：宾语从句的动作先于learned的动作，故宾语从句谓语动词要用过去完成时态，后面又有一段时间状语，从而判定答案为D。