备   课   纸

授课主题：非谓语动词之动名词                       学员签名：

1 动名词的形式
动名词的形式跟现在分词一样，由“动词原形＋-ing”构成，例如：do → doing, study → studying, close → closing, stop → stopping。注意加-ing的不同情况。
2 动名词的用法
动名词或动名词短语具有名词的功能，在句中可用作多种名词性成分。
⑴ 用作主语：跟不定式一样，动名词作主语时常位于句末，而在其原来的位置用it作形式主语。例如：
Saying so much is useless.
It is useless saying so much.
说这么多没有用处。
Swimming in the sea is his favourite sport.
It is his favourite sport swimming in the sea.
在大海里游泳是他最喜爱的运动。
⑵ 用作表语：动名词用作表语表示主语是什么，而不是主语的性质或特征如何。例如：
My greatest pleasure is traveling. 我最大的乐趣就是旅游。
One of his bad habits is biting nails. 他的一个坏习惯是咬手指甲。
⑶ 用作动词宾语：只能接动名词而不能接不定式作宾语的动词有：enjoy, finish, keep, mind, miss, practise, stop, suggest等等。例如：
She enjoys going to the cinema. 她喜爱看电影。
He keeps making the same mistakes. 他老是犯同样的错误。
I suggest leaving now. (= … that we leave now.) 我建议（我们）现在就离开。
⑷ 用作介词宾语：与介词一起用作状语等，也可用在部分形容词后。例如：
After finishing my work, I took a short rest. 干完活后，我休息了一小会儿。
They drove into town without talking to each other. 他们开车进城，一路上彼此默默无言。
All the students are sure of passing the examination. 所有的学生都自信能通过考试。
⑸ 用作定语：动名词作定语时不带附加成分，通常前置，表示该名词所表示的事物的用途。如果用“for＋动名词”，则应后置。例如：
a swimming pool = a pool for swimming 游泳池
a teaching building = a building for teaching 教学楼
另请比较：
the working conditions = the conditions for working 工作条件 （动名词）
the working people = the people who are working 劳动人民 （现在分词）
3 动名词作宾语和不定式作宾语的比较

有些及物动词后面既可以接动名词作宾语，又可以接不定式作宾语，其中不少动词还会引起意思上的变化。
⑴ begin, start等：
在begin, start, hate, like, love, prefer等动词后，用动名词或不定式作宾语，意思上几乎没有什么区别。例如：
The teacher said, “You begin writing now,” and the children began to write. 老师说，“你们现在就开始写吧。”于是孩子们就开始写了。
Will you start reading / to read? 你开始读好吗？
So you prefer living / to live abroad? 所以你宁愿住在国外是吗？
有时，like后接动名词时，表示经常性的爱好；后接不定式时，表示一次性的或独特的爱好。例如：
I like traveling and, especially, to travel with friends. 我喜欢旅行，特别是和朋友们一起旅行。
He doesn’t like reading, but he likes to read newspapers in bed. 他不喜欢读书，但是他喜欢在床上看报。
⑵ forget, remember等：
在forget, remember后，用动名词作宾语表示已做过的事情，用不定式表示要去做的事情。例如：
I remember posting the letter. 我记得把信寄走了。
Remember to post the letter. 别忘了把信寄走。
I will never forget seeing him for the first time. 我永远不会忘记首次见到他的情景。
He forgot which way to go. 他忘了该走哪一条道。
⑶ stop, go on等：
在stop, go on后，用动名词作宾语表示“（停止或继续）做同一件事”，用不定式表示“（停下来或接下去）做另一件事”。例如：
They stopped talking. 他们停止了谈话。
They stopped to talk. 他们（停止原来做的事）开始谈话。
The teacher asked us to go on reading. 老师要我们继续读书。
The teacher asked us to go on to read. 老师要我们接下去读书。
⑷ need, want等：
在need, want后，用动名词作宾语具有被动意义，和用被动态的不定式在意义上一样。例如：
This room needs cleaning / to be cleaned. 这间房间需要打扫。
The old watch wants repairing / to be repaired. 这块旧表需要修理。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ACCCB  DBBAD  CBBBC  BADCD  ADBCB  CBCDB  BBAAC  CCCDA BCDDC DCDDB

高一英语必修四语法-动词—ing形式练习题

1.Taking pictures___ very interesting.  

 A. is  B. are  C. to be    D. be 

2.______ the bad news made him cry.  

 A. Hear  B. Heard   C. Hearing   D. Is hearing

3._____ a desert had always been a risk adventure.

A. being crossed     B. Having crossed     C. Crossing   D. To have crossed

4.Before he came , I’d finished _______ the whole book.

A. to read   B. to have read    C. reading    D. read

5. I always enjoy ____ to popular music at night.

A. to listen  B. listening      C. that I can listen    D. if I can listen

6.We are considering ________ a trip around the island.

A. take   b. to take   C. to be taking   D. taking

7.I hope you don’t mind ____ at your newspaper.

 A. I look   B. my looking  C. I looking   D. my to look

8.When a man’s heart stops ______ , he dies.  A. to beat  B. beating  C. beat  D. beaten

9.I can’t help _______ he is still alive.  A. thinking  B. think  C. to think  D. thought of

10.So far as I am concerned , I prefer reading ________ .

  A. than meat   B. for joy   C.  instead of sleeping   D to drinking

11. It goes without _______ that knowledge is important.

  A. talking   B. telling   C. saying   D. mentioning

12. we are looking forward ______ our friends next week.

  A. to see   B. to seeing    C. to be seeing   D. shall see

13.He spent a lot of money _____ books and magazines.

  A. buy   B. buying   C. to buy   D. bought

14.The silkworm is an insect worth _____.

  A. to know   B. knowing   C. to be known   D. being known

15.She went out without ______ good-bye to us.

  A. say   B. to say   C. saying    D. being said

16.The curious student kept on _______ questions.    A. asks  B. asking  C. to ask  D. asked

17.He is such a strange person; there’s _____ what he’ll do next.

  A. no knowing   B. not to know  C. not known  D. being unknown

18.When she heard the bad news, she burst______.

  A. into crying    B. out to tears   C. crying    D. out crying

19. You must never cross the street without ______ the light to turn green.

  A. waiting    B/ to wait   C. waiting for   D. to wait for

20. Scientists succeed _____ protein out of old newspapers.

  A. to make   B. at making   C. making   D. in making

21.I became ______ after watching too much television.

A. bored   B. boring   C. bore   D. bores

22.I felt ____ by his interest in my new invention.

A. encourage   B to encourage   C. was encouraged   D. encouraged

23.He sat there ______ a novel.      A. read    B. reading   C. reads   D. had read

24. Don’t wake up the______ child.  A. sleep   B. slept   C. sleeping  D. sleepy

25.A proverb goes: ‘A ___ stone gathers no moss’.   A. roll   B. rolling  C. rolled  D. rolls

26.The heavy rain kept us _____ for two hours.   A. wait  B. waited  C. waiting  D. to wait

27.I found a dog ______ over by a car on the road.   A. to run  B. run  C. ran  D. running

28. We found the baby  ____ on the floor.       A. slept  B. sleep  C. asleep  D. sleeping

29.Jack saw a woman ______ near the dog , so he walked up to her.

 A. stood    B. stands   C. to stand   D. standing

30.They got  their car ____ at the garage.

 A. be washed   B. washed   C. being washed   D. to have been washed

31. _____ with his report , I told him to write it all over again.

 A. Dissatisfactory    B. Not being satisfied   C. Having not satisfied  D. Dissatisfying

32._____ our shoes in our hands , we crossed the stream.

 A. To carry  B. Carrying  C. Carried  D. Carry

33._____ my homework, I went home .

 A. Having finished  B. Finished   C. Being finished   D. Finish

34.____ the door unlocked, I went in.

 A. Finding  B. Found  C. Had found  D. Have found

35.______ a careless fellow, he forget all about it.         A. Is  B. Be  C. Being  D. Was

36._____ carefully, this letter is very beautiful     A. Type  B. Typing  C. Typed  D. To typed

37.Animals can do many amazing things when properly___.

A. train   B. training  C. trained  D. to train

38. You must be careful when ___ on the highway.

A. you driving  B. are driving  C. driving  D. you were driving

39.If _____ , I will go to the party tonight.  A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D. invited

40.Thousands of products ____ from coal are now in daily use.

A. made  B. make   C. making  D. to make

41.Engines are machines ___ power or motion.

A. produce   B. producing   C. produced   D. which producing

42.During this battle some soldiers were wounded , and some _____.

A. miss    B. missed    C. missing   D. to miss

43Weather ____ , we will have a picnic tomorrow.  A. permit B. permits C. permitted D. permitting

44.The vacation  ____ over , the students came back to school.  A. is B. are C. was D. being

45.____, we left off our work.     

A. After setting the sun  B. Having set the sun  C. The sun having set  D. Being the sun set.

46.___ the painting, he gave a sigh of relief.

A. Finishing   B. Has finished   C. Being finished  D. Having finished

47.___ the way to take, the traveller went on his journey.

A. Telling  B. Having told  C. Having been told  D. Have told

48.The United States has developed into a modern nation in a very short time___ with many other countries.     A. compares  B. comparing  C. to compare   D. compared

49.When you find something in your writing that needs _____ , you should mark it on the paper.

A. to be correcting    B. correct   C. to correct  D. correcting

50.None of us objected to ____ George to the birthday party.

A. invite   B. inviting  C. have invited  D. invited