2011年上半年河北学位英语第二十三单元课后阅读理解二

本阅读理解为2011年上半年新添内容由76707063群成员简单快乐扫描上传。中文由 纸蝴蝶 提供。

Passage 2
If an animal is moved from its home in the tropics to cold climate，it will die if it is not kept warm．And animals accustomed to cold climate will die if they are moved to the tropics．Many
plants，too，will die if they are removed from the place where they normally grow and are
transplanted into an unfamiliar soil．Almost every species is adapted to life in a particular place by its organ and their functions and by its permanent habits．The specialized adaptation has great advantages．For it enables many organisms live in their environment．This means finding out how an organism survives and reproduces in certain surroundings．By environment we mean not
only the soil and the climate but the living things of the same species and other species，plant oranimal．

一种动物如果将其从其热带家园搬到气候寒冷的地方，如果不进行保暖它就会死，习惯在寒冷气候生活的动物移到热带也会死。许多植物也是这样，将他们从正常生长的地方移到不相似的土壤里他们也会死。几乎每一个物种都适应生活在特殊的地方，他们的器官，他们的功能以及他们的习性。专业化的适应性有很多在优点。如他能使许多生物生活在自己的环境中。这意味着能够找出一个生物群在某种环境下是如何生存和繁殖的。这里的环境，我们不仅指的是土壤和气候，还有相同种类和其他种类的生物，植物。

Most living things are slaves to their environment．Some can alter certain features of their
environment to suit themselves；a beaver(海狸)，for example，can make ponds by building
dams：many birds and insects can build elaborate nests to provide shelter for their young．But
these skills are restricted and highly specialized．Most organisms must adapt their bodies to fit in with their surroundings,and since they can adapt only for particular surroundings,they are found only in places where they can live successfully with the least effort．

大多数的生物都是环境的奴隶。但有些生物可以改变他们生存环境的某些功能使其适合自己，例如，一个海狸（海狸），通过修建水坝为自己建造池塘，许多鸟和昆虫会建造复杂的巢来给他们的幼崽提供住所。但是这些技能是有限的而且是高度专业化的。大多数生物必须让他们的身体应他们的周围的环境，即使是他们只能接受特殊的周围环境，他们也会用最小的努务找到仅能让他们能够成功生存的地方。

Plants find these favorable places by trial and errors．The wind carries their seeds and
spores(芽孢)great distances．If the seeds land in a favorable environment they grow and
reDroduce．If they are deposited in an unfavorable environment they die．Animals，on the other
hand．search until they find a favorable environment．

植物通过试验和失败能够找到他们喜欢的地方。风能带着他们的种子和牙孢到很远的地方。如果这些种子落在喜欢的环境，就会生长繁殖。如果他们落在不适的环境就会死掉。另一方面，动物会寻找直到他们找到喜欢的环境。

绝大部分生物必需调节自己的身体去适应周围的环境。因为只能适应特定的环境，它们只在用最小的努力就能成功存活下来的地方生活。

答案 CBBDA
1．What does the author mean by“adaptation”(Line 5，Para．1)?
  A、The permanent hal：Iits of most living things．
  B、The control of most species of living things by local conditions．
  C1 The ability of living things to survive in a particular place under difficult conditions·
  D)The ability of living things to get familiar with their surroundings·
2．What can we 1earn from the passage?
  A)Ecology is the study of environment．
  B、Most living things can adapt themselves to the environment．
  C、Most organisms can adapt themselves to any surroundings．
  D)The specialized adaptation means every species is adapted to life in particular place by its
    organs．
3．Animals are different from plants in that——．
  A)their organs are highly specialized to their surroundings
  B)they can look for a favorable environment for survival on their own initiative
  C、they usually have their own local living conditions
  D、they can more or less alter their surroundings
 4．Which of the following is implied but not stated by the author in the passage?
  A)Animals are not completely restricted or confined to their surroundings．
  B、Plants are completely confined to their surroundings．
  C1 Surroundings sometimes Can easily be altered by animals．
  D、The specialized adaptation is very important for all creatures．
5．What is the main idea ofthe passage?
  A、Living things and their surroundings．
  B、Different habits ofanimals and plants．
  C1 Plants and animals：slaves of their surroundings．
  D、Animals’ability to adapt themselves to their surroundings．

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