2011年上半年河北学位英语第十五单元课后阅读理解二

本阅读理解为2011年上半年新添内容由76707063群成员简单快乐扫描上传。中文由 纸蝴蝶 提供

Passage 2
    In the 1990s．everyone believed that education was the key to economic Success．A college
 degree．even a post．graduate degree，was essential for everyone who wanted a good job as 0ne of
 those“symbolic analyst”．

在二十世纪九十年代，每个人都相信教育是经济成功的关键。大学学历，甚至是一个在职的研究生学位，对每个想获得好工作诸如 “符号分析师“人也是必须的。

    But computers are proficient at analyzing symbols；it is the messiness of the real world thal
 thev haye trouble with．Therefore，many of the jobs that once required a college degree have
 been eliminated．The others can be done by any intelligent person，whether or not he has studied
 literature．

计算机精通分析符号，但是他所存在问题，在真实世界是混乱的。因此，许多以前需要大学学历的工作现在已经取消了。其他的工作能够通过许多聪明的人来完成，无论他是不是学习过文学。

    This trend should have been obvious in 1 996．Even then，American’s richest man was BⅢ
Bates．a cOllege drop．out who did not need a lot of formal education to build the world’s most
 powerful information technology company．

这种趋势自1996年后变得很明显。甚至是美国最富有的人比尔盖茨。一个大学退学生，他不需要许多正常的教育来构建强有力的信息技术公司。

    Or consider the panic over“downsizing”that gripped America in 1 996．An economists
 auicklv pointed out the rate at which Americans were losing jobs in the 90s was not especially
 high bv historical standards．Downsizing suddenly became news because，for the first time，
white-coilar．college—educated workers were being fired in large numbers，even while skilled
 mechanists and other blue—collar workers were in demand．This should have signaled that the
 days of the ever．rising wage premiums for people with higher education were over．

或者，（咱们）考虑下1996年笼罩在美国的 “裁员”恐巨慌。一个经济学家很快指出90年代在美国失业率与标准相比并不特别高。裁员突然成为新闻，因为第一次的，大批受过大学教育的白领工作被解雇，即使同时需求熟练的机械师和其他蓝领工人。这应该标志着以前对受过较高教育的人给予较高的工资奖金的时代结束了。

Eventualty,the eroding payoff of higher education created a crisis in education itself．Why
 should a student put himself through four years of college a d several years of postgraduate work
 to acauire academic credentials with little monetary value?These days,jobs that require only 6
 or 12 months of vocational training-child-nursing,carpentry,household maintenance and so
 on--pay nearly as much as if not more than a job that requires a master's degree,and pay more
 than one requiring a Ph．D．．  

最终，削弱高等教育的所获收入回报在教育本身也引起了危机。为什么一个上了四年大学和几年研究生的学生获得较高的学术资历但工作时获得较少的金钱价值？现在的时代，需要6-12个月的假期儿童看护工作，木工，家务保洁工等等，工资支付的几乎一样多，好象这些没有一个需要硕士学位的工作，需要博士学位的工作工资高一些。

 So enrOllment in colleges and universities has dropped almost two thirds，since its peak at
 the turn of this century．Today a place like Harvard is，a it was in the 1 9th century,more of a
 social institution than a scholarly one——a place for children of the wealthy to refine their social graces and befriend others of their class．

因此高校入学率下降了约三分之二，而在本世纪初是入学的高峰。今天当哈佛这样的地方，在19世纪是一个社会性多于学者性的学院，是一个让有钱的孩子们变得在社会上优雅并能友好的对待他们同阶层的人的地方。

如今，只需要6或12个月职业培训的工作—孩子护理、木匠、家庭维修等—与要求有研究生学位的工作相比，其报酬如果不是更高的话，几乎是一样多的；它的工资比要求有博士学位的工作还要高。

答案CDAAB

1．What is the author’s opinion of higher education in future?
A)It will be the key to economic success．
B)It will become something like professional training．
C)The devaluation of higher education will be the trend．
D)The focus ofhigher education will move to computer science．
2．The author gives the example of Bill Gates to—————．
  A)show the importance of formal education
  B)tell readers how to build a computer company
  C)illustrate the development of information technology
  D)prove the trend that higher education will be devaluated
 3．The word“downsizing”(Line 1，Para．4)probably means    ．
  A)reducing in number    B)moving toward the lower side
  C)turning down    D、manufacturing a smaller version
 4．Why is there a crisis in higher education?
  A)People can’t get expected payoff from higher education．
  B)people think it’s too long for them to acquire academic credentials．
  C)Other professions are more attractive．
  D)It is too difficult for people to acquire a Ph．D．．
5．The best title for the passage would be—————．
  A)The Depression of the White—collars    B) The Devaluation of Higher Education
  C)The impact of Information Technology D1 The Impact of“Downsizing”

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