so、neither、nor“也(不)” 的用法初探
(2011-06-18 11:11:20)
标签:
杂谈 |
分类: 学习的我:无序的思考 |
本文主要讨论so、neither、nor引起分句时,前面是否需要加and的问题。
印象里,有无and的情况都不少,但这并不意味着它们的用法很随意,完全没有章法可循。仔细翻阅一下词典,进行归纳之后,发现可以用下面的表格对有无and的问题作简单回答。
S1+V1 |
and so/neither/nor+助动词/be动词 |
S2 |
S1+V1 |
neither/nor+助动词/be动词 |
S1+V2 |
这个表格的关键之处在于后面是S1还是S2(S表示主语Subject),即是不同人/事物的相同情况还是同一人/事物的不同情况。
1)表示前面所说的肯定的或否定的情况(positive or negative statement)也适用于另一人或事物,这时的so、neither、nor均为副词,前面需要加and,用来连接前后两个分句。
结构可以表示为:S1+V1+and so/neither/nor+助动词/be动词+S2。
Times have changed and so have I.
He's been ill, and so has his wife.
My parents send their love, and so does Rachel.
Tom didn't believe a word she said, and neither did the police.
They couldn't understand it at the time, and nor could we.
注:
a) 两个分句之间有无逗号隔开均可,有逗号的情况居多。
b) 除and外,还可以用but来连接两个分句。
I can’t play tennis, but neither can you.
c) so、neither、nor如果引起的是主句,则不能再加and。
If I learned how to drive a car, so can you.
As the demand rises, so do prices.
d) 如果so、neither、nor独立成句,则不需要加and。
‘I’d like to know what’s happening out there.’ ‘So would I.’
2)与so不同的是,neither和nor还可以表示同一人/事物的另一否定情况(another negative statement)。这时neither和nor是连词,前面不需要加and。
结构可以表示为:S1+V1+neither/nor+助动词/be动词+S1+V2。
The authorities were not sympathetic to the students' demands, neither would they tolerate any disruption.
I have not been asked to resign, nor do I intend to do so.
注:
a) 两个分句之间用逗号隔开。
b) V1、V2并非要求谓语动词必须不同,而是指整个谓语部分有所不同,包括状语等。
He doesn’t want to live in the country when he grows up, nor does he want to live in the city.