中考考点十：被 动 语 态

 英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。 

eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句).

A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。

一、构成：be 过去分词

eg. 1)The work is finished by him.

   2)Chinese is spoken by people in China.

二、被动语态的时态

1.一般现在时：am/ is/ are  过去分词

eg. English is spoken by Englishmen.

2.一般过去时：was/ were  过去分词

eg. The machines were made in China.

3.一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be 过去分词

eg. A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.

4.现在完成时：have/ has been  过去分词

eg. The work has been done by them.

5.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being  过去分词。

eg. A new school is being built in our village.

6.过去进行时：was/ were being  过去分词

eg. My TV set was being mended at that time.

综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：be动词的各种时态）

另外注意以下几点：

1.含情态动词的被动语态：

  can / may / must / should be 过去分词

eg. He may be sent away from school.

2.带动词不定式的被动语态

eg. My bike needs to be mended.

3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by 动作的执行者(宾格)”

eg. He was called Mike by us

4.不及物动词无被动语态（take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等）

eg. The accident was happened two days ago (改错)                       _________

5.当宾语补足语是省to不定式时，在改作被动语态之后，应将省去的to还原。

eg.The boss made the workers work 12 hours.

→The workers were made to work 12 hours.

6.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。

eg. We must take care of the baby.

→The baby must be taken care of.

练   习   题

(  )1.This factory has been____ for two years

A. open  B. to open  C. opening  D. opened

(  )2.The light in the room ___ before you leave.  A. must turn off  B. will turn off

C. are turned off   D. must be turned off

(  )3.The young trees ____ planted in spring.

A. must  B. have   C. must be  D. must are

(  )4.Chinese ____ by Miss Wang three years ago.   A. was taught    B. is taught

 C. was teached        D. were teach

(  )5.Young trees ___ quite often.

A. should water      B. should be water

C. should be watered  D. should have watered

(  )6.English ___ by many people in the world

A. speaks B. speak C. are spoken D. is spoken

(  )7.The old people ___ well in our country.

A. is looked after     B. are looked after

C. looks after        D. look for

(  )8. Alice is ill. She ____ to hospital at once.

A. is sent            B. must be sent

C. can send          D. must send

(  )9. The factory ____ in 1958.

A. was built          B. is built

C. will be built        D. built

(  )10.Our teacher told us that the classroom _____ every day.

A. should be cleaned    B. should cleaned

C. shall be cleaned      D. must cleaned

(  )11.Football ____ all over the world.

A. plays              B. is playing

C. has played          D. is played

(  )12.____ silk ____ in Suzhou?

A. Is , produced    B. Are, produced

C. Does, produce   D. Was, produce

(  )13.Much money ____ spent on books every year.  A. have  B. has  C. are  D. is

(  )14.The students was made ______ the questions by the teacher.

A. answer           B. to answer

C. answering        D. answered

(  )15.The sun ____ when we got there.

A. was risen         B. has been risen

C. had risen         D. is rising

(  )16.The People’s Liberation Army was ____ August 1, 1927.

A. found in           B. found on

C. founded on         D. founded in

(  )17.The oranges should be well ___ during the winter.

A. keep   B. kept   C. keeping  D. to keep

(  )18. Many of the sheep ___ by the wolf狼).

A. was killed       B. are killed  

C. are killing       D. were killed

(  )19.Tape recorders____ in our English class

A. should use       B. used

C. can be used      D. are using

(  )20. ____ English ____ in Canada?

A. Do, spoken       B. Is , spoken

C. Are, spoken      D. Does, speak

(  )21.He ____ not to leave waster paper everywhere.

A. tells  B. told  C. was told  D. has told

(  )22.Who ____ “The Family”, “Spring” and “Autumn” ______?

A. was, written       B. were, written

C. were, written by    D. are. Written by

(  )23.Look at the building! It ____ now.

A. is being built       B. has been built

C. is building         D. has built

(  )24.Half of the work ____ before six.

A. can be done  B. will do  C. were done

(  )25.We ____ stamps for sending letters.

A. are used     B. use      C. used

(  )26.The Great Green Wall(绿色长城)___ in North China.

A. are built   B. can be build  C. was built

(  )27.___ the farm ____ by the students ?

A. was, visited B. Is, visit C. Must, visit

(  )28.The woman ____ by people in the waiting room.

A. was laughed     B. was laughed at

C. laughed at

(  )29. What ____ there?

A. happened              B. is happened   

C. must be happened

(  )30.He was made ______for twelve hours.

A. to work     B. work     C. worked

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