Unit3.4

形容词，副词比较级

变化规则：

直接在词尾加-er，或-est。 如tall--taller, the tallest,  short--shorter,the shortest

以e结尾的直接加-r， 或-st。 如nice--nicer, the nicest ,  large--larger,the largest

词尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写辅音字母再加-er，-est。如  big--bigger, the biggest

辅音加y结尾的，改y为i再加-er或-est。如 heavy--heavier,the heaviest,easy--easier,theeasiest

以er，ow结尾的双音节词加-er，或-est，如 clever--cleverer,the cleverest. narrow--narrower,the narrowest

其他多音节或双音节的词，在前面加more或the most 如： interesting--more interesting,the most interesting.

不规则变化 good/well--better, best, bad/ill--worst, worst, many--more, most. Much--more, most, far--farther, farthest,far--further, furthest

比较级句型：

比较级 than 比较对象（常用名词或主格人称代词）意为“甲比乙更...”

A good neighbour is better than a brother far away.

The road in our hometown is wider than ten years ago.

 此类句子中，修饰形容词比较级的词有much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still,far.

He works even harder than I (me)

The baby is much heavier than last year.

This story is a little more interesting than that one.

The weather in Wuhan is far hotter than that in HeNan now.

2）as...as 句型。当中加形容词或副词原级，意为“甲与乙是一样的...”

He is as tall as I (me)

He runs as faster as me.

The story is as interesting as that one.

Eric writes as carefully as Betty.

3）not as....as 句型。当中加形容词或副词原级，意为“甲不如乙...”

He isn’t as tall as me= I am taller than he

The story isn’t as interesting as that one=that story is more interesting than this one.

4）比较级 and 比较级，或more and more 原级（多音节词）意为“越来越...”

The train is running faster and faster.

The weather is getting cooler and cooler.

The story is getting more and more interesting.

the 比较级，the 比较级，意为“越...,越.....”

The stronger our country gets, the happier the people will be.

The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make

the 比较级 of the two 意为 “两者中更....的”

Lucy is the taller girl of the two.

在不同范围内进行比较时，常用“形容词比较级 than any 名词单数 范围”结构。意为“...比任何一个都...”

Yaomin is taller than any student in our class.

John in Class 1 runs mush faster than any one in our class

在同一范围内进行比较时，常用“形容词比较级 than any other 名词单数 范围”结构。意为“...比其他任何一个都...”

John runs much faster than any other one in his class.

Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. （用other排除比较的对象）

He is more talented than any other student in his class.

最高级 in、of短语，意为“在某范围内，主语是最...”

The blue one is the cheapest of the three books.

He works hardest in our class.

10）One of the 最高级。 意为“最....之一”

Fishing is one of the most popular activities among the middle-aged people.

He is one of the most hard-working students in our class.

which//who 加最高级 A，B，or C？

Who listens the most carefully Tom, Jack or Bill？

Both与all

Both 反义词为neither，all 反义词为none。两者都可以单独使用，放在be动词之后，实意动词之前

Lucy and Lily are both from England.

They all like reading books in their free time

两个词都可以直接加名词。

His daughter can speak both English and Japanese.

All the students in our class like playing sports.

两个词都可以加of the 名词或代词

The two dresses are very beautiful. I’ll take both of them.

All of the farmers are working hard, but none of them feels tired.

Make 的用法

Make sb do sth=let sb do sth=have sb do sth 让某人做某事。

Don’t make your son eat too much junk food. It’s bad for his health.

Make sb 名词作宾补。使某人、某物成为....

We make him our monitor.

Make sb 形容词作宾补。使某人成为...

We should try to make our school more beautiful.

We keep exercising every day to make us healthy

Give 的用法（双宾语结构）

Give sb sth=give sth to sb 给某人某物，show sb sth=show sth to sb 给某人看某物

Teach sb sth=teach sth to sb 教给某人某物  pass sb sth=pass sth to sb 递给某人某物

Lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 借给某人某物  tell sb sth=tell sth tosb 告诉某人某物

Please give me a cup of coffee.=please give a cup of coffee to me.

He teaches me English = He teaches English to me

He lent me a book yesterday= He lent a book to me yesterday.

He told me a story= He told a story to me.

Reach, arrive, get 辨析

Reach后直接跟宾语。“到达某地”

When will Mr.Green reach Beijing?

With the help of the Internet, information can reach every corner of the world .

Arrive 后接名词时常用arrive in 大地点。Arrive at 小地点。如果后面接地点副词(home, here, there,)则不用介词。

When will the train arrive?

She will arrive in Paris on the morning of July 2.

Can you arrive here on time?

Get to 后接地点名词。“到达”如果后面接地点副词(home, here, there,)则不用介词。

When he got to school, he saw his classmates playing volleyball.

Watch/hear/see sb.do sth 和Watch/hear/see sb doing sth 的用法

Watch/hear/see sb do sth. 表示看某人做过某事或经常做某事；

Every morning, he often sees some groups of women dance in the square.

Where is Tom? I saw him go into the classroom.]

Watch /hear/see sb doing sth. 表示看见某人正在做某事。

I saw her watering flowers in the garden when I passed by.

Where is Mike? I saw him talking with Mr. Smith in the hallways just now.