写作教学案例分析

  一．思考的问题 ：   怎样让学生在写作中减少经常会出现一些很愚蠢的错误。

      学生在写作中经常会出现一些很愚蠢的错误，但屡禁不止，很是头疼。为了让学生避免这  些错误，本人把错误收集在一起，并让学生来改，之后类似的问题减少了许多。 

    二、教学过程描述 ：   我首先把书面表达的评分原则呈现给学生，再指出好的方面和不足方面： 

（1）  评分原则： 

1.   本题总分为  25  分，按  5  个档次给分。 

2.   评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，   确定或调整档次，最后给分。 

3.   词数少于  80  和多于  120  的，从总分中减去  2  分。 

4.   评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上下文   的连贯性。 

5.   拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。   英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 

6.  如书写较差以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。 

（2）  好的方面 

1．  能按照要求把要点写出 。

2 ．有意识地用上好词好句 。

3．  连接词用得较好 。

4 ．书写有提高。 

（3）  主要的错误 ：  1 ．有语病的句子很多；  2 ．应用词汇和语法结构的数量少和准确性差；  3 ．拼写与标点符号较差；  4 ．书写较差以至影响交际。 

（4）  具体错误分类 及 巩固练习： 

1.   有 …… 人死于交通事故  There were 500,000 people died in the traffic accident.  分析: 这是有语病的句子，其句法应该是 “ 主语 谓语 状语 ”  ，即  People died in the accident. There were  放上去没有作用。千万不能按汉语的句式来写英语句子。 再如：有十二人在打篮球。 Twelve people are playing basketball.( 不能用  There are twelve people are playing basketball.)  有三个同学没来上课。 Three students didn’t come to school. ( 不能用  There were three students didn’t come to school.)  请改正：  There is also a few people hold a completely different opinion.  （去掉  There is )

2.  动词的第三人称单数的词尾变化。究其原因是受汉语的影响，一定在记住英语的谓语动   词必须跟主语保持一致。下面有几个错误的句子，请指出并改正错误：  It provide a good job. (provides) The car give us convenience. (gives) Everything have two sides. (has)

The car have a lot of advantages. (has) The company provide work for us. (provides) It take us little time to arrive the place. (takes)

3.   动词不可直接作主语，应该用  V-ing  或  to do  等。请指出并改正错误：  Have a car brings us convenience. Have a car can save a lot of time. Use car can save time. Not only can it makes traffic jams, but also it cause pollution. Car bring air pollution. 4. Too many  和  too much  混用。可数名词和不可数名词混用。  Too many  修饰可数名词， too much  修饰不可数名词。想想为什么会有人用  too much  来修饰  people ？还有  work  是不可数名词，不能用  many works 。还有不能用  bring a bad pollution.

5．  as…as possible  和  as possible as I can.  请指出并改正错误：  as 形容词 / 副词 …as possible ，如  as fast as possible; as quickly as possible; as many as possible; We are trying to collect as many used books as possible. Come to me as quickly as possible. The pollution should be controlled as possible as we can. Besides, it has made many pollution. Many traffic accidents takes place. The car have a lot of advantages.  从来就没有  as possible as I can  的短语，为何用它？ 

6.   无端在行为动词前加上  am/is/are 。请指出并改正错误：  There are exist some advantages It is provide us good jobs. Cars are play an important role. It’s takes into consideration. Some people are hold the opposite opinion. The traffic jam is become worse. It is offer many choices of work.

7.   名词前无冠词。   通常情况下，可数名词前要有冠词，或用上复数形式，不能单独使用。请指出并改正错误：  Car is convenient. Traffic accident happen. There is traffic jam. We can have job. Car bring air pollution.

 8 ．汉式英语。请指出并改正错误：  Advantages are more than disadvantages. We use the car can save time. Use car can save time. Cars are benefit but bad.

 9. 想用定语从句，却不是句子。请指出并改正错误：  Those who driving a car can’t be too careful. …cars, which making our lives easier.

There are more than 500 thousand people die of var accidents. I think the drivers who using the car should be careful.

 10.  单复数不分。  Some people earns his life by car. There are some problem. Everyone don’t think so.

11．  because  老爱用大写。   在表示原因状语时且用在句中时， because  一定用小写。请指出并改正错误： There is air pollution Because of many cars.

12．  形容词比较级混用。请指出并改正错误：  It can be more better in the future. Other people don’t agree. Because if there are more cars in city people can get to cities more easily. We should make our earth more good.

13．  拼写错误。  thousant--thousand, liveing-living, worsely  无此此词  , surrouding--surrounding, consided--considered, rathen--rather, puble-public  等。 

三、  给学生的建议 ： 

1．  凡事细心些，按英语习惯来写句子； 

2．  认清常见错误，避免再次写错； 

3．  建立错题集，不断提醒自己； 

4．  多背些范文，模仿它们来写．   该课通过学生错误的分类归纳，给学生以警示作用，学生能避免犯同样的错误，最后写出优美的句子。学生反映很有收获。 

四、  教学反思 ： 

1.   任何一位教师不可能每一堂课都上得很成功 , 但敏感地把握教学中的机会 , 适时地做些调整 , 并很好地去设计下节课 , 以求下节课达到最佳效果。 

2.   教师在课前教学设计和课后即时反思中，要经常审问自己：让学生学什么，为什么要学这些内容；   让学生怎么学，为什么要这样学；这样做有效吗，为什么有效，   或者为什么高效、   低效甚至无效、负效；学生在课堂上该听的听了没有，该做的做了没有，该想的想了没有，   该说的说了没有等等。 

3.   通过日常教学案例的收集整理，在反思中不断加强学习和研讨，及时改进和完善自己的   教学，帮助并促进学生在听中学、做中学、想中学、说中学。使每一堂课成为提升个人教学智慧的实作平台，修炼出一套实施新课程、服务学生的新本领、真功夫。 

4.   时刻牢记学生始终是课堂的主体，一切教学都要以学生的需求为中心。 

5.  真心去爱学生，要为学生服务，做学生的朋友和贴心人。