On English & Chinese Idioms
英汉成语两种关系
1. 相对应
a) 从字面意思到实际含义都对应 (Great minds think alike . 好像是大家经过商量)
Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧
Kill two birds with one stone 一石两鸟
As you sow, so you reap 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆
Like father, like son 有其父必有其子
Idleness is the root of all evil 一懒生百邪(闲人出浪事)
where God has his church, the devil will have his chapel 道高一尺魔高一丈
Lion in the way 拦路虎
An eye for an eye 以眼还眼 (这可能是翻译过来的)
Birds of a feather flock together 物以类聚
great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同
Tom, Dick and Harry 张三李四
Wash one’s hands 洗手不干
Time and tide wait for nobody. 时不我待
b) 异曲同工
(尽管角度不同,也显示出人类生活经验的高度一致:
人同此心,心同此理 People have the same mind, the minds are in the same reason.)
at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟
Have/hold a wolf by ears 骑虎难下
Every dog has his day. 风水轮流转/谁家过年不吃顿饺子
Kick somebody when he is down.
落井下石
Many hands make light work 众人拾柴火焰高
After praising the wine they sell us vinegar 挂羊头卖狗肉
Forgive or forget
不念旧恶
A miss is as good as a mile 差之毫厘,失之千里
Twist the lion’s tail 摸老虎屁股
Man proposes, God disposes.
谋事在人,成事在天。
Cast/throw pearls before swine 对牛弹琴
A piece of cake
小菜一碟
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。
Live and let live 得饶人处且饶人
What we lost on the swings We gain on the roundabouts 失之东隅,收之桑榆
All good things must come to an end 天下没有不散的宴席
The pupil outdoes the master. 青出于蓝而胜于蓝
Teach fish to swim 多此一举
Common fame is a liar 盛名之下,其实难符。
Look before you leap 三思而后行
Haste makes waste 心急吃不了热豆腐
The early bird catches the worm. 天道酬勤
Many kiss the baby for nurse’s sake 醉翁之意不在酒
All shall be well, Jack shall have Jill 有情人终成眷属
all lay load on the willing horse 人善被人欺,马善被人骑
What soberness conceals drunkenness reveals 酒后吐真言
A fall into the pit, a gain your wit. 吃一堑,长一智
After death, the doctor 马后炮/事后诸葛亮
Experience is the mother of wisdom. 不经一事,不长一智。
The pot calls the kettle black. 五十步笑百步
You can run but you can not hide. 跑得了和尚跑不了庙
Spare the rod and spoil the child. 孩子不打不成器 。
Little strokes feel great oaks (perseverance will prevail)铁杵磨成针
Grasp all, lose all. 贪多必失。
A hedge between keeps friendship green. 君子之交淡如水。
Haste makes waste. (More haste, less speed) 欲速则不达。
Other countries, other manners 十里不同俗
Have a big mouth 嘴大吃四方
Look for a needle in a haystack 大海捞针
The tongue cuts the throat. 祸从口出/言多必失。
2.不对应
(体现了语言和文化差异)
To err is human to forgive divine 犯错人则难免,宽恕
则属超凡
God made the country and man made the town 上帝创造了乡村,人类
建造了城镇。
Two is company, three is none 二人成伴, 三人不欢
Forewarned is forearmed.
先知先戒备。
one man’s meat another man’s poison. 对张三好的事对李四可能不
好
full of courtesy, full of craft
礼多必诈
Manners maketh man.
举止造人品.
All is well that ends well.
结局好即一切都好
You buy land, you buy stones; you buy meat, you buy bones
接受就得都接受
Keep finger crossed for sb.
祝福/愿上帝保佑某人
Have a sweet tooth 好吃甜食
Be up in arms 对某事表示反对和愤怒
Keep your hair on 不要着急
Stretch my leg
休息一会