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PMP每日10题

(2016-01-17 13:52:36)
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练习题

pmp

分类: PMP-国际项目管理认证

1:一个项目都有特定的服务水平协议,以保证对客户的服务质量。项目经理应使用什么样的工具,来确定该服务的稳定性,以及他的可预测性?

A project has specific service level agreements which assure quality of service to the customer what tool can the project manager use to determine that the service is stable or has a predictable performance?

A:控制图

Control charts

B:帕累托图

Pareto charts

C:流程图

Flowcharting

D:标杆

Benchmarking

正确答案:A

所属知识领域:项目质量管理。

所属过程组:规划过程组。

解析:在实施质量控制过程中,需要收集和分析控制图中的相关数据,来指明项目过程与产品的质量状态。控制图直观地反映某个过程随时间推移的运行情况,以及何时发生了特殊原因引起的变化,导致该过程失控。控制图以图形方式回答这个问题:该过程的偏差是在可接受的界限内吗?控制图中的数据点可以显示过程的随机波动、突然跳跃或偏差逐渐扩大的趋势。通过持续监测一个过程的输出,控制图有助于评价过程变更是否达到了预期的改进效果。B用来选择最值得解决的问题;C显示各步骤的关系用来预测问题;D用来比较以确定最佳实践。对各个工具的用途要弄清楚。

 

2:项目预测显示项目将在测试阶段落后于进度,由于产品上市的时间是强制性的,在项目开始时,这个事件就被记录为已知风险。由于目前项目尚处于分析阶段,项目经理决定将测试任务外包,并开始与选定的供应商讨论。这是哪个风险策略的事例?

Project projections show that the project will fall behind in the testing phrase. This event was documented as a known risk at the project’s beginning due to the time to market imperative because the project is currently in the analysis phrase, the project manager decides to outsource the testing function and begin discussions with the chosen vendor.Of which risk strategy is this an example?

A:回避

Avoidance

B:转移

Transference

C:分享

Sharing

D:减轻

Mitigation

正确答案:B

解析:风险转移是指把某风险的部分或全部消极影响连同应对责任转移给第三方。转移风险是把风险管理责任简单地推给另一方,而并非消除风险。

 

3:项目即将完工三分之二。挣值=1000BAC=1500C=1350。项目此时的ETC为多少?

A project is about two-thirds complete.Earned Value=1000BAC=1500AC=1350.What is the ETC for the project at this time?

A675

675

B650

650

C500

500

D150

150

正确答案:A

所属知识领域:成本管理。

所属过程组:监控过程组。

解析:项目已经完成了三分之二了,绩效基本固定,典型的偏差计算当前的CPI=1000/1350EAC=1500/(1000/1350)ETC=EAC-AC=675。或ETC=500/1000/1350=675

 

4:项目虽然完成了,但是却延期了,导致项目结束时成本超支。在这种情况下,项目经理应该怎么做?

A project is completed, however, the project was delayed, causing cost overruns at the end of the project.What should the project manager do in this case?

A:将这种情况记录为经验教训

Document the circumstances as lessons learned

B:将注意力集中在存档该项目的财务记录上

Focus attrition on archiving the financial records for this project

C:评估项目的所有工作,并将结果与项目范围相比较

Evaluate at the work of the project and compare the results to the project scope

D:在确认范围过程记录项目完成相关的情况

Document the circumstances surrounding project completion during the validate scope process.

正确答案:A

所属知识领域:项目整合管理。

所属过程组:收尾过程组。

解析:项目已经完成,需要总结经验教训。

 

5:你已经铺设了一半的网络。在美国有300个地点,另外20个在英国。一软件卖方对一些正在安装的设备刚刚发布了一主要的软件升级,升级可以给客户他们所需的功能,这些功能在项目开始时是不具备的。在这种情况下,采取的最好措施是什么?

You are halfway through a major network rollout. There are 300 locations in the United States with another 20 in England. A software seller has just released a major software upgrade for some of the equipment being installed. The upgrade would provide the customer with functionality they requested that was not available at the time the project began. What is the BEST course of action under these circumstances?

A:继续按计划进行,你的客户没有要求变更

Continue as planned, your customer has not requested a change.

B:告诉客户升级和其对项目时间以及功能的影响

Inform the customer of the upgrade and the impacts to the project's timeline and functionality.

C:实施变更并必要调整进度,因为这符合客户的最初要求

Implement the change and adjust the schedule as necessary because this supports the customer's original request.

D:在剩余的地点实施变更,继续按计划进行

Implement the change to the remaining sites and continue with the schedule.

正确答案:B

解析:职业道德和社会责任包括满足客户的最大利益。所以,选项A不对。

本题中,进度和范围已经得到了批准,所有的变更必须通过变更控制过程。所以选项CD都不对。

 

6:项目开展了三个月时,项目经理得知项目的CPI1.1SPI0.84。但三个月后CPISPI分别变成0.91.0。在这三个月中项目经理有可能采取了什么行动?

Three months into a project, the project manager learns that the project has a CPI of 1.1 and a SPI of 0.84. Three months later the CPI and SPI have changed to 0.9 and 1.0, respectively.In the three month interval, what course of action was likely taken by the project manager?

A:减少项目范围

Reduced project scope

B:推行应急计划

Authorized contingency plan

C:增加资源

Increased resources

D:减少资源

Reduced resources

正确答案:C

解析:赶工只适用于那些通过增加资源就能缩短持续时间的活动。

 

7:在项目执行期间,客户表示由于多个项目同时进行,对进入测试设施设置限制。这项变化可能导致进度延期。若尽可能减少负面影响,项目经理下一步应该怎么做? 

During project execution, the customer indicates that there will be limited access to the test facility due to several concurrent projects. This change may lead to schedule delays. To minimize the negative impact, what should the project manager do next?

A:通知客户进度潜变

Advise the customer about schedule creep.

B:查看风险登记册中已批准的纠正措施

Check the risk register for approved corrective actions.

C:执行风险分析

Perform a risk analysis.

D:按照这项变化更新项目进度计划

Update the project schedule according to this change.

正确答案:B

解析:项目出现影响项目进度的时间,出现了风险,要进行风险控制。

答案 A 不对,要先主动采取措施,不能首先就通知客户延期。

答案 D 不对,变化只是可能引起延期,要先采取措施。

答案 B 和答案C乍一看好像都对,但是如果遇到风险的话第一步要做的肯定是查看风险登记册中已记录的风险应对措施,如果有的话就采用实施。如果没有,再进行风险分析,这有个先后顺序,所以答案 B 是正确答案。

 

8:在项目经理和项目发起人的第一次会议上,项目团队意识到项目发起人希望产品的反应速度在2秒钟以下,下列哪一项质量计划可以解决这一需求?

During a project manager’s first meeting with the project sponsors. The project management teams learns project sponsor expects the product to have a response time of under two seconds. Which aspect of the project quality plan will address this requirement?

A:性能验收标准

Performance acceptance criteria

B:系统输出

System outputs

C:定义范围

Define scope

D:基准对照

Benchmarking

正确答案:A

解析:两秒钟以下的响应时间属于性能验收测试的标准,应当在性能验收标准中体现。

 

9ABC公司通常使用年限总和法来计算资产折旧。他们购买了一台价值$15,000的计算机,并了解到三年后可以卖$3,000。第三年折旧多少?

ABC company commonly used Sum of the Years method to calculate depreciation on assets. They purchased a computer which cost $15,000, knowing they can sell it at the end of three years for $3,000. How much depreciation is taken the third year?

A4000

4000

B2000

2000

C7500

7500

D2500

2500

正确答案:B

解析:年限总和法下,资产使用寿命3年,第1年折旧率=3/(1 2 3);2年折旧率=2/(1 2 3);3年折旧率=1/(1 2 3);

所以第3年折旧额=(资产原值-残值)*1/(1 2 3)=(15000-3000)/6=2000

 

10:你的管理层总是要削减你的项目估算的10%。你的新的项目范围还不清楚,包含30多个项目干系人。管理层预计由于该项目将降低25%的停机时间。这种情况下哪项是最好的解决办法?

You have always been asked by your management to cut your project estimate by ten percent after you have given it to them. The scope of your new project is unclear and there are over 30 stakeholders. Management expects a 25 percent reduction in downtime as a result of the project. Which of the following is the BEST course of action in this situation?

A:重新计划获得35%的停机时间改进

Re-plan to achieve a 35 percent improvement in downtime.

B:减少估算,并在风险应对计划中注明变更

Reduce the estimates and note the changes in the risk response plan.

C:提供准确的实际成本估算并能支撑该结果

Provide an accurate estimate of the actual costs and be able to support it.

D:会见团队以确认从哪里可以找到10%的节约

Meet with the team to identify where you can find lo percent savings.

正确答案:C

解析:这是项目的一个常见问题,很多没有经验的项目经理用选项BD处理。如果你的估算是准确的,你就有义务坚持(选项C)。管理层的唯一选择以削减成本是支持项目经理寻找与 三约束 相关的解决方法。

选项A没有说明手头的问题,成本。

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