魔女屋LYL——查理七世的情人阿涅丝·索蕾Agnès Sorel

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情感文化艺术历史 |
分类: 魔女屋LYL |
Agnès Sorel (1422– 9 February 1450), known by the sobriquet Dame de beauté, was a favourite mistress of King Charles VII of France, by whom she bore three daughters. She is considered the first officially recognized royal mistress.She was the subject of several contemporary paintings and works of art, including Jean Fouquet's Virgin and Child Surrounded by Angels.
阿涅丝·索蕾(Agnès Sorel,1421年-1450年2月9日),号称法国史上最美的女人,查理七世的情妇。传言查理七世对她一见钟情,相见第一晚便辗转难眠。她是历史上被官方公认的第一个皇家情妇,育有三个女儿。她被许多画家艺术家作为题材来创作,包括著名的Jean Fouquet创作的《被天使环绕的圣母和孩子》(见头图)
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The daughter of soldier Jean Soreau and Catherine de Maignelais, Sorel was twenty years old when she was first introduced to King Charles. At that time, she was holding a position in the household of Rene I of Naples, as a maid of honour to his consort Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine. Sorel then went on to serve as the lady-in-waiting for Marie d'Anjou, Charles VII of France's wife. She would soon become his mistress.The King gave her the Château de Loches (where he had been persuaded by Joan of Arc to be crowned King of France) as her private residence.
作为一个士兵的女儿,索蕾二十岁时候,第一次被介绍给国王查尔斯,当时她是那不勒斯的雷内一世的管家,作为伊莎贝拉,洛林公爵夫人的伴娘,稍后她成为查理七世的法国妻子玛丽安茹的御前女仆。很快她成为国王的情妇。国王给了她 Château de Loches城堡(在那里他由圣女贞德加冕成为法国国王)作为她的私人住宅。后世认为是她给予查理七世无比的勇气与自信,得以从英国人手上将诺曼底省夺回。
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Soon, her presence was felt at the royal court in Chinon where her
company was alleged to have brought the king out of a protracted
depression. She had a very strong influence on the king, and that,
in addition to her extravagant tastes, earned her powerful enemies
at court.Sorel would become the first officially recognized royal
mistress.
很快她在朝廷中出现,陪伴查理七世,为他驱散绝望抑郁,她对国王的影响力十分巨大,但她奢侈豪华的品味也为她在朝廷里结下宿敌,她成为史上第一个官方承认的皇家情妇。
查理七世封其为“美丽贵妇”,并命画家画下一幅名为“圣母与小孩”,又名“梅拉的处女”的画。画中的阿涅丝装扮成圣母抱着圣婴,而乳房的意义从中世纪的神圣,也转变成为文艺复兴时期的情色。
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Agnès gave birth to three daughters fathered by the King: Marie,
Charlotte and Jeanne. (Charlotte's son, Louis de Brézé, seigneur
d'Anet, in turn married Diane de Poitiers, herself ultimately a
famous royal mistress.) While pregnant with their fourth child, she
journeyed from Chinon in deep midwinter to join Charles on the
campaign of 1450 in Jumièges, wanting to be with him as moral
support. There, she suddenly became ill and after giving birth died
on 9 February 1450 at the age of 28. While the cause of death was
originally thought to be dysentery, scientists have now concluded
that Agnès died of mercury poisoning. She was interred in the
Church of St. Ours, in Loches. Her heart was buried in the
beautiful Benedictine Abbey of Jumièges.
阿涅丝为国王生下三个女儿,在她怀他们第四个孩子的时候,她在深冬季节从Chinon出发加入查尔斯在Jumièges的军营,为他做道德支持。在那里,她突然生病,在产后死亡,1450年2月9日,时年28岁。死因很可疑,一开始以为是痢疾,科学家现在认为是汞中毒。她被安葬在圣奥斯教堂,她的心脏安葬在美丽的Benedictine修道院。
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Charles' son, the future King Louis XI, had been in open revolt against his father for the previous four years. It has been speculated that he had Agnès poisoned in order to remove what he may have considered her undue influence over the king. It was also speculated that French financier, noble and minister Jacques Coeur poisoned her, though that theory is widely discredited as having been an attempt to remove Coeur from the French court.
查尔斯的儿子,这位未来的国王路易斯十一,四年前已经公开反抗他父亲。据推测,是他毒杀阿涅斯,以消除他认为她对国王的不正当影响。也有人推测,法国金融家,贵族和大臣贾可斯毒死了她。
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In 2005 her remains were exhumed and examined by French forensic scientist Philippe Charlier, who determined that the cause of death was mercury poisoning, but offered no opinion about whether she was murdered.Mercury was sometimes used in cosmetic preparations or to treat worms and might have brought about her death.
在2005年,她的遗骨被法国法医学家菲利普·查理尔检查,确定死亡的原因是汞中毒,但没有确认她是否被谋杀。汞在当时用于化妆品或治疗蠕虫,这也可能造成了她的死亡。
Her cousin Antoinette de Maignelais took her place as mistress to the king after her death.
她的表妹安托瓦内特在她死后替代她成为了国王的情妇。
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Sorel plays a main part in Voltaire's La Pucelle. Two Russian operas from the late 19th century also portray her, along with Charles VII: Pyotr Tchaikovsky's The Maid of Orleans and César Cui's The Saracen. She is also a featured figure on Judy Chicago's installation piece The Dinner Party, being represented as one of the 999 names on the Heritage Floor.
索蕾在伏尔泰的诗作《奥尔良的女仆》中作为主要角色。两部19世纪末的歌剧以她为原型——柴可夫斯基的《奥尔良的女仆》以及策扎尔·安东诺维奇·居伊的《撒拉逊人》。
她还是朱迪 芝加哥的装置作品《晚餐派对》中的一个形象,作为999个名人中的一个。
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Two garments use Sorel's name in their descriptors, Agnes Sorel bodice, Agnes Sorel corsage and a fashion style named after her as well, Agnes Sorel style, which is described as a "princess" style of dressing.
两种服装形式以她名字来命名,阿涅斯 索蕾紧身胸衣和阿涅斯 索蕾腕花,还有一种时尚风格以她名字命名——阿涅斯 索蕾风格,用来形容“公主”的着装风格。
One mid 19th century style included the Agnes Sorel bodice, named after 15th century royal mistress Agnes Sorel. This style was a day wear bodice, with a square cut neckline that had a high front and back and bishop sleeves.
一种19世纪中期的风格以阿涅斯 索蕾命名的紧身胸衣,这种风格是白天穿着的胸衣,有着四方形的胸口,高前片和后片,还有袖子。
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