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高考英语语法复习之抽象名词具体化
抽象名词具体化通常可分为以下两类:
一、
表示情感、情绪的词,强调具体的人或事时常将其具体化使用。常用的重点抽象名词可概括为如下11个字:惊、乐、幸、憾、傲、慰、险、助、成、败、美。
1.
surprise吃惊、惊奇(不可数名词)
a
surprise令人吃惊的人或事(可数名词)
如:in
surprise惊奇地、吃惊地,to
one’s
surprise令人吃惊的是
What a
surprise to
see you here!
在这里见到你真是个意外的事。
2.
pleasure愉快、高兴(不可数名词)
a
pleasure一个乐事、一个乐趣(可数名词)
如:with
pleasure高兴地、乐意地,take
pleasure
in以…为乐、爱好
It’s a
pleasure to
work with
him.
和他一块儿工作是件乐事。
3.
honor荣誉、信誉(不可数名词)
an
honor一种光荣的人或事(可数名词)
如:for
the honor of
the
country为了国家的荣誉
It’s an
honor to
speak
here.在这里发言是我的荣幸。
4. pity
遗憾
a pity
一件遗憾的事
It’s a
pity that you
should fail
to pass the
exam.
5.
pride骄傲(不可数名词)
a
pride令人骄傲的人或事(可数名词)
如:He
takes pride
in his
son.他以儿子为骄傲。
He
is a pride
to his
parents.他是父母的一个骄傲。
6.
comfort安危、舒适(不可数名词)
a
comfort一个令人安慰的人或事(可数名词)
如:enjoy
comfort享受舒适
Books become
a comfort to
him.书籍成为他的一种安慰。
She tried to
make her
children live
in comfort ,
which is a
great comfort
to her.
7.
danger危险(不可数名词)
a
danger可能引起危险的人或物(可数名词)
如:In
war, a
soldier’s
life is full
of
danger.战争中,士兵的生命充满了危险。
The
man is a
danger to
society.那是个对社会危险的人物。
8.
success成功(不可数名词)
a
success一个成功的人或事(可数名词)
如:be
sure of
success确信成功
He
is a great
success as a
scientist.作为科学家,他是个伟大的成功者。
9.
failure失败(不可数名词)
a
failure/failures失败的人或事(可数名词)
如:Failure
is the mother
of
success.失败是成功之母。
He
had had six
failures and
would have a
seventh try.
他已经历六次失败,并将再次努力。
10. help
帮助
a
help帮手,起帮助作用的物
It’s
a great help
to me.
11.
beauty美、美丽(不可数名词)
a
beauty美人、美丽的东西(可数名词)
如:the
beauty of
nature大自然的美
He regarded
his wife as
a
beauty.他把妻子视为美人。
二、表示“一次”、“一场”、“一段”等“一……”的概念,常与动词连用构成短语,名词前常有形容词修饰。如:
1. have a
good
time
,
have a
wonderful supper
,have a
good knowledge/understanding
of;
have a
population of
,
have an
income of
,
cover an area
of,
reach a
height of。
2.
与动词have,
take, make,
give等连用,表示某一次短暂的动作。如:
have
a
swim/rest/look/trip/discussion/smoke/wash/sleep
take
a walk/bath
give/take
a try
make
an advance/an
early start/an
apology
take/have a
great interest
go
out for a
walk
3.
接同源宾语的短语如:
live/lead a
happy/simple/hard/poor/bitter
life,
dream a
strange
dream,
die a heroic
death
巩固练习:
1. It is
often said
that______ teachers
have ______very
easy life.
A.
不填;不填
B.
不填;a
C. the;
不填
2. He
developed______ deep
interest in
inspects when
he was at
______age of 8.
A. a;
a
C. a;
the
3. It’s
______pity that
the meeting
was ______complete
success.
A. the;
不填
C. a;
不填
4. She
tried to make
the children
live______ ,
which is
______great comfort
to her.
A. in
comfort; a
C. in
a comfort;
a
5. What a
great______ it
is to work
here! Everybody
is so kind
to me.
A.
failure
C.
fun
6. One
way to
understand thousands
of new words
is to gain
______good knowledge
of basic word
formation.
A.
不填
B. the C.
a D. one
7. “What
______great surprise
to meet you
here!” She
said in ______surprise.
A.
不填;
不填
C.
不填;
the
8. ______M(m)oney
plays an
important role
in material
world. But
you can’t
expect it to
give you____ real
happiness.
A. A;
the
C.
不填;
the D. The;
the
9. Reading is
______good habit.
Stick to it,
and you’ll
make ___great progress.
A. a;
不填
C. the;
a
10. –Do
you think an
advertisement is______
help when you
look for a
job?
--Well, it
depends. Anyway,
it gives me
more of______
chance to try.
A. a;
a
C. the; the
D. a; the
KEYS:
1—5
BCBAD
6—10 CBCAD

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