加载中…让步状语从句及让步状语句型归纳
(2016-10-17 16:27:22)
标签：
让步状语从句及让步状 |
分类： 语法专家 |
让步状语从句及让步状语句型归纳
一、though(although)……虽然……，在主句中不与but连用，但可以与yet连用。
Written English is more or less the same in
both Britain and America, though (although) there are some spelling
differences. 虽然美国英语和英国英语存在着一些差别，但在笔头上大体是一样的。
Though(Although)it was expensive, (yet)we
decided to buy the computer.尽管这台电脑很贵，我们还是决定买下来。
1. 引出省略句时,通常用though.
although与though在意义上相似,但文体上是比较正式用词,语气比though强.
even though（＝even
if）,意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句.though也引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然”；even
though有退一步设想的意味,与though不同.though引导的句子所说的是事实,even
though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实.例如：He will not tell the secret even
though（even if）he knows it．即使他知道这个秘密,他也不肯说出来.
He will not tell the secret though he knows
it．他虽然知道这个秘密,但他不会说出来.
2. 1.though可引出倒装语序的让步状语从句,although
则不能.
3.though可与even连用,although则不能；在as
though结构中,只用though,不能用although.
二、even if(even
though)……即使……，此句型常用于书面语体，表示假想、推测，也可指事实。
1. even if
引导的从句是往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”。如：
They’ll stand by you even if you don’t
succeed. 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。
Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get
there. 即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change
our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
For my part, I plan to go to the party even
if you decide not to go. 至于我，即使你决定不去参加晚会我也会去的。
Even if you saw him pick up the money, you
can’t be sure he stole it.
就算你看见是他拾起的钱，你也不能肯定钱就是他偷的。
正因为even if从句的内容通常是假设性的，所以有时还可用于虚拟语气；这样用的even
if 与单独使用的if比较接近。如：
Even if he had the money, he wouldn’t buy it.
他即使有钱也不会买它。
I would have married her even if she had been
penniless. 即使她身无分文，我也会和她结婚。
2. even though
引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然”。如：
He went out even though it was raining.
尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。
Even though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.
虽然工作艰苦，我还是很喜欢。
He’s the best teacher even though he has the
least experience. 他尽管经验最少，但教得最好。
Even though I didn’t know anybody at the
party, I had a nice time. 尽管这次聚会上我谁也不认识，我也玩得挺痛快。
这样用的even
though与though或although的意思比较接近，许多时候可以互换（注意：英语可以说though和even
though，但不能说even although）。如：
Even though [Thought, Although] I felt sorry
for him, l was secretly pleased tha t he was having difficulties.
虽然我为他感到惋惜，但对他的困难却暗自高兴。
Even though [Thought, Although] we all tried
our best, we lost the game. 虽然我们已尽了最大的力量，但还是输了。
3. 不过，在实际语言运用中，even if与even
though有时也可不加区别地混用。如：
Even if [Even though] she laughs at him, he
likes her. 尽管她嘲笑他，他还是很喜欢她。
We thoroughly understand each other, even if
[even though] we don’t always agree.
我们彼此非常了解，虽然有时候也有一些分歧。
Even though(Even if)I fail, I won’t give up
learning English.即使失败，我也不会放弃学英语。
三、no matter how(what, who, when,
where…)不管……，无论……，此句型在这六种句型中意思最强。
当how
many(much)和which等作定语时，要注意后面要跟上所修饰的词语。
No matter how much you want to bathe, it just
isn’t safe.不管你多么想洗澡，这水都是不安全的。
No matter how many members you count, you
always go on to the next one.
无论你数到多少数，你总是可以继续数下去的。
四、however(whoever, whenever,
whatever…)无论（尽管）……，还是……，此句型可以引导名词性从句。
Whatever you may say, I’ll try to do
it.无论你说什么，我都会尽力做这件事。
You can take a mobile phone with you wherever
you go.不管你去何处，你都可以带上移动电话。
Whoever will go there has not been decided.
无论是谁去那里，都还没决定。（此句为主语从句，不可用no matter who替换）
五、whether……or
not不管……还是，无论……（不）……此句型包括正反两方面的估计在内，意思较强烈。
Whether it rains or not, I’ll start tomorrow
morning. 不管明天是否下雨，我明天早晨都将动身。
Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains
to be decided. 我们是否要养鸭还是鹅，仍未决定。
注意： whether作连接词
conj.既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。
1. (引导名词从句)是否
Ask him whether he can come or
not.
问问他是否能来。
I don't know whether you like flowers,
sir.
先生,我不知道您是否喜欢花。
2. (与or连用,引导状语从句)不管是...(或是)
We'll go on with the work, whether we can
find the necessary tools or not.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。
六、adj.+as+n.+v.虽然……，此句型是部分倒装，前面也可用v.(主语后面跟上情态动词等)，adv.或n.（不带冠词）。
这个句型有时也表原因，要看主句的具体意思而定。
Difficult as the task is, we’ll do our best
to finish it on time. 虽然这项任务困难，我们会尽量努力去准时完成。
Poor health as he was in, he insisted on
doing something useful for the
students.他虽然身体不好，但还是坚持为学生做些有用的工作。
Child as he is, he knows as much as a
grown-up. 他虽是孩子，但知道的东西像成人一样多。
Child as he is, he can not solve the problem.
因为是孩子，他不能解决这个问题。（表原因）
核心常考句型
As引导让步状语从句倒装的用法归纳
为了帮助同学们全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装用法，本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型：
一、名词 + as / though + 主语 + 动词
King as he was，he was unhappy.
他虽是国王，但他并不幸福。
Child as he is，he knows to help other.
他虽是个孩子，却知道帮助别人。
【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外，要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较：
Boy as ［though］ he is， he likes to play with
girls.=Though he is a boy，he likes to play with girls.
他虽是男孩，却喜欢与女孩子玩。
Strong man as ［though］ he is，General Botha
has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.=
Though he is a strong man， General Botha has been severely put to
the test during the past few weeks.
波赛将军虽然坚强，但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。
二、形容词 + as / though + 主语 +
动词
Successful as he is，he is not proud.
他虽然成功，但不骄傲。
Improbable as it seems，it’s true.
虽然看起来不太可能，但却是真的。
Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her
that I believed her. 尽管听起来很愚蠢，我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。
Patient as he was，he didn’t like waiting that
long. 他虽说有耐心，也不愿等这么长。
Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought
it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮，我们认为价钱太高。
【说明】其中的动词也通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。
三、副词 + as / though + 主语 + 动词
Much as I like Paris，I couldn’t live there.
尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。
Hard though they tried，they couldn’t make her
change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。
Fast as you read， you can’t finish the book
in two days. 尽管你读得很快，你总不能在两天之内就读完这本书。
He was unable to make much progress，hard as
he tried. 尽管他做了努力，却未能取得很大进步。
【说明】有的词典将 much as
作为习语看待，认为它是一个用以引导让步状语从句的复合连词。再如：
Much as I admire him as a writer，I do not
like him as a man. 他作为一名作家我很佩服他，但我却不喜欢他这个人。
Much as I like you，I couldn’t live with you.
我尽管很喜欢你，却不能和你在一起生活。
四、动词原形 + as / though + 主语 +
动词
Object as you may，I’ll
go.纵使你反对，我也要去。
Try as he might，he couldn’t solve the
problem. 尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。
Search as they would，they would find nobody
in the house. 无论怎样搜查，他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。
Dislike him as we may，we must acknowledge his
greatness. 尽管我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。
Lose money as I did，we got a lot of
experience. 钱虽然丢了，我们却得到了许多经验。
Fail in the election as he did，he became
famous for his fiery speech against slavery.
尽管落选了，但他却以其反对奴隶制的激烈演说而出了名。
【说明】主语后的动词通常为 may，might，would，did
等情态动词或助动词(若表示情态意义，则选用情态动词；若陈述事实，则用 did，do 等助动词)。
五、分词 + as / though + 主语 + 动词
Raining hard as it is， I’m going out for a
walk. 虽然正在下着大雨，我还是要出去散步。
Surrounded as we were by the enemy，we managed
to march forward. 虽然我们被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法前进了。
Munching the apple as he was，he had got an
eye for all John’s movements.
他尽管在一个劲地嚼着苹果，但仍警惕着约翰的一举一动。
【三条补充说明】
1.这类倒装的让步状语从句可用 as， though 来引导，不能用 although
来引导；但是，未倒装的让步状语从句却可用 though， although 来引导，而不能用 as 来引导。也就是说，
although 引导让步状语从句时不能倒装，as 引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，而 though
引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：
虽然很晚了，但我们还是继续工作。
正：Late as ［though］ it was，we still went on
working.
正：Though it was late，we still went on
working.
误：Late although it was，we still went on
working .
误：As it was late，we still went on
working.
2.
上面提到的倒装结构有时也可用来表示原因，区别的办法主要看句子的内容：让步从句的内容大多数与主句在意义上相反，而原因从句则与主句之间有因果关系。比较：
Tired as he was，he sat up late studying at
night. 昨晚他虽然很疲倦了，但还是学习到很晚才睡。(表让步)
Tired as he was，he went to bed early.
因为很累，所以他睡得很早。(表原因)
Young as he was，he was equal to the task.
他虽年轻，却能胜任这项工作。(表让步)
Young as he was，he was not equal to the task.
他因为年轻，所以不能胜任这项工作。(表原因)
3. 在美国英语中，人们通常用 as...as
引导让步状语从句。如：
Cold as it was， we went out.=As cold as it
was， we went out. 尽管天气冷，我们还是出去了。
Successful as he is， he is not proud.=As
successful as he is， he is not proud. 他虽成功了，但不骄傲。
七、While(= although) 虽然，尽管
也可用来引导让步状语从句。
While he was respected, he was not
liked.他虽然受到尊敬，但没受到喜爱。
直通高考：
1,¬ ----Dad, I have finished my
assignment.
-----Good, and ______you play or watch TV,
you mustn’t disturb me.
(03—上海)
A, wherever B, whether
C, whatever D, on
matter
2,______, I have to put it away and focus my
attention on study this week.
（04---上海春）
A, However the story is
amusing
B, No matter amusing the story
is
C, However amusing the story
is
D, No matter how the story is
amusing
3, You should try to get a good night’s sleep
_____much work you have to do.
（04---湖北）
A, however
B, no matter C, although
D, whatever
4, You can eat food free in my restaurant
______you like.（04---重庆）
A, Whenever B, wherever
C, whatever
D, however
5, ______I accept that he is not perfect, I
do actually like the person.（04—江苏）
A, While
B, Since
C, Before
D, Unless
6, ______he has limited technical knowledge,
the old worker has a lot of experience. （06 全国）
A, Since
B, Unless
C, As
D, Although
7, ______, he works
well.
A, Though is he young
B, As he
is young
C, Young as he is
D, Young
although he is
8, These wild flowers are so special I would
do _____I can to save them（00---北京）.
A, whatever
B, that
C, which
D, whichever
9, All people, _______ they are old or young,
rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those they need
since the disaster. （08 重庆）
A, even if
B, whether
C, no
matter D, however
10, _______ the Internet is of great help, I
don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on
it.
A, If
B, While
C, Because
D, As
11，Although badly hurt in the accident, the
driver was _____ able to make a phone call. （08
四川）
A. still
B. even
C. also
D. ever
12, ____ hungry I am, I never seem to be able
to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Wherever
D. However
参考答案：
1—4 BCAA
2----8ADCA 9——12BBAD
喜欢
0
赠金笔
后一篇：条件状语从句用法归纳