during which和during which time的用法区别
(2016-04-06 20:11:41)
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duringwhich和duringw |
分类: 语法专家 |
关于during which和during which time的用法区别
一、during
which的用法
during
which既可用于限制性定语从句也可用于非限制性定语从句,可指时间,也可指过程或阶段等,意思是“在……期间;在……过程中;在……阶段”等。during which
time 只指时间,表示“在……期间”,通常用于非限制性定语从句。
1. during which 用于限制性定语从句时,修饰对象为先行词,先行词在定语从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。
如:
There was an exchange of fire during which the gunman was
wounded.
说明:句中的during which 表“在交火期间”。
In 1988, Vietnam and china fought a brief naval battle during which
more than 70 Vietnamese sailors died.
1988
说明:句中的during which 表“小规模海战期间”。
2. during
which用于非限制性定语从句时,既可修饰整个句子,也可修饰句子中的某个词(组),被修饰的句子或某个词(组),在从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。
如:
The couple quarreled about the baby's name, during which the
grandfather kept
silent.
说明:句中的during which只能修饰整个句子,表“在这对夫妇为婴儿的名字吵架的过程中”,因为前句中没有可被修饰的先行词。
The arrangement lasted five years, during which the boat went three
times around the Continent.
这种安排延续了五年,在这期间那艘船环绕美洲大陆三次。
说明:句中的during which既能修饰整个句子,也能修饰主句中的five years。① during which修饰整个主句,表“在这种安排延续了五年的过程中”;② during
which也可修饰前句中的five
years,表“在这五年期间”。
▲如果句子的谓语动词为非持续性的,那么during
which就只能修饰主句中的某个词(组),而这个词(组)在定语从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。
如:
He died in the Anti-Japanese War, during which my grandfather
fought side by side with
him.
说明:句中的during which只能修饰the Anti-Japanese War,表“在抗日战争期间”。因为die是非持续性动词,所以during which不能修饰前面的整个句子,否则意义就是“他在抗日战争为国捐躯期间”,这样句子便出现逻辑错误。
二、during
which time 的用法
1. during
which time通常用于非限制性定语从句,不修饰前面的整个句子,只修饰句主句中的可在定语从句中“表时间阶段”的词(组)。
如:
It took two years for me to get better, during which time he
spoon-fed me and did absolutely everything around the
house.
说明:句中的during which time修饰two years,表“在这两年期间”。
He spent four years in college, during which time he studied
medicine.
说明:句中的during which time修饰four years,表“在这四年期间”。
2. during which
time主要用于凸显修饰主句中的时间,而不至于误认为是修饰整个句子。请看“2010年江西省名校高考信息卷(一)”的一道单项选择题:
25. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the beer I
had.
说明:这句话的中心点是“他们是‘在三个星期间’喝光了我所有的啤酒”,而“他们和我待在一起”的行为是次要的。所以,在非限制性定语从句凸显强调时间时,最佳答案当然就是during which
time了,这也是命题者的初衷。其实,这道题用during which也是可以的,但修饰对象会发生变化,既可以修饰three
weeks,也可以修饰整个主句,只不过意义略有差别。所以,严格地说,这道题的命题还是不够严谨的。而2005年高考英语(重庆卷)就很好地避免了during which和during which time两个选项同时出现的情况。
如:
Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ___A___ he
studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’
Union.
A. during which time
▲