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during which和during which time的用法区别

(2016-04-06 20:11:41)
标签:

duringwhich和duringw

分类: 语法专家

关于during whichduring which time的用法区别

一、during which的用法
during which既可用于限制性定语从句也可用于非限制性定语从句,可指时间,也可指过程或阶段等,意思是……期间;在……过程中;在……阶段等。during which time 只指时间,表示……期间,通常用于非限制性定语从句。
1. during which
用于限制性定语从句时,修饰对象为先行词,先行词在定语从句中表……期间;在……过程中
如:
There was an exchange of fire during which the gunman was wounded. 
有过交火,其间那名持枪歹徒受伤了。
说明:句中的during which在交火期间
In 1988, Vietnam and china fought a brief naval battle during which more than 70 Vietnamese sailors died. 
1988
年,越南和中国曾进行过一次小规模海战,70多名越南士兵在战斗中丧生。
说明:句中的during which小规模海战期间
2. during which
用于非限制性定语从句时,既可修饰整个句子,也可修饰句子中的某个词(组),被修饰的句子或某个词(组),在从句中表……期间;在……过程中
如:
The couple quarreled about the baby's name, during which the grandfather kept silent. 
这对夫妇为婴儿的名字吵架,在此期间爷爷一句话也没说。
说明:句中的during which只能修饰整个句子,表在这对夫妇为婴儿的名字吵架的过程中,因为前句中没有可被修饰的先行词。
The arrangement lasted five years, during which the boat went three times around the Continent.
这种安排延续了五年,在这期间那艘船环绕美洲大陆三次。
说明:句中的during which既能修饰整个句子,也能修饰主句中的five years。① during which修饰整个主句,表在这种安排延续了五年的过程中;② during which也可修饰前句中的five years,表在这五年期间
如果句子的谓语动词为非持续性的,那么during which就只能修饰主句中的某个词(组),而这个词(组)在定语从句中表……期间;在……过程中
如:
He died in the Anti-Japanese War, during which my grandfather fought side by side with him. 
他在抗日战争期间为国捐躯,在抗战期间,我祖父曾与他并肩战斗过。
说明:句中的during which只能修饰the Anti-Japanese War,表在抗日战争期间。因为die是非持续性动词,所以during which不能修饰前面的整个句子,否则意义就是他在抗日战争为国捐躯期间,这样句子便出现逻辑错误。
二、during which time 的用法
1. during which time通常用于非限制性定语从句,不修饰前面的整个句子,只修饰句主句中的可在定语从句中表时间阶段的词(组)。
如:
It took two years for me to get better, during which time he spoon-fed me and did absolutely everything around the house.  
我过了两年时间才好起来,其间他喂我进食,并承担全部的家务。
说明:句中的during which time修饰two years,表在这两年期间
He spent four years in college, during which time he studied medicine. 
他上了四年大学,这期间他学了医学。
说明:句中的during which time修饰four years,表在这四年期间
2. during which time
主要用于凸显修饰主句中的时间,而不至于误认为是修饰整个句子。请看“2010年江西省名校高考信息卷(一)的一道单项选择题:
25. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the beer I had.
  A. for which    B. which time    C. during which time    D. during which
答案是C。解析:该题考查非限制性定语从句,during which time“在三个星期期间
说明:这句话的中心点是他们是在三个星期间喝光了我所有的啤酒,而他们和我待在一起的行为是次要的。所以,在非限制性定语从句凸显强调时间时,最佳答案当然就是during which time了,这也是命题者的初衷。其实,这道题用during which也是可以的,但修饰对象会发生变化,既可以修饰three weeks,也可以修饰整个主句,只不过意义略有差别。所以,严格地说,这道题的命题还是不够严谨的。而2005年高考英语(重庆卷)就很好地避免了during whichduring which time两个选项同时出现的情况。
如:
Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ___A___ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.
A. during which time   B. for which time   C. during whose time   D. by that time
综上所述,during which timeduring which在用于非限制性定语从句时,它们在意义表达和侧重点上还是有所不同的。

 

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