little和a little表肯定意义与否定意义的用法
(2016-04-04 10:13:05)
标签:
little和alittle表肯 |
分类: 词语辨析 |
little和a
little 和
a little
都只用于修饰或代替不可数名词,它们表肯定意义与否定意义的基本原则如下:
1. 单独使用的 little,它在形式上是肯定的,但在意义上却是否定的,其意为“很少”“几乎没有”。
如:
Music has little appeal for me. 音乐引不起我的兴趣。
This coal leaves little ash. 这种煤烧过后灰少。
Jazz music has little attraction for me.
爵士音乐对我没有什么吸引力。
Her speech has produced little effect on the
listeners.
The argument carries little conviction to Western
readers.
There was little disagreement on how to
proceed.
Your account of the accident has little correspondence with the
story John
told.
注:little
用作副词修饰动词时,也表否定意义;若用于句首,其后要用倒装语序。
如:
Little did I dream of succeeding so
well.
We little believed that he would harm
us.
2. 带不定冠词的 a
little 表示肯定意义,其意为“一点儿”。
如:
What’s the harm in having a little fun? 开点玩笑有什么不好?
Do you think a little salt would improve the flavor.
你看搁点盐能不能提味?
You know what? I think I’ve found a way to make a little
money.
Go to bed now and let the grown-ups have a little time to
themselves.
I can speak a little French,but as to write it, it’s another
story.
3. 当little前使用了定冠词、物主代词或其他限定词时,则不表否定意义。
如:
The little we do know about the people who lived here suggests they
had a very sophisticated
society.
The little information that we could glean about them was largely
contradictory.
Here they are, taking away what little we have.
他们来到这里,拿走了我们仅有的一点东西。
I spent what little time I had with my
family.
4. 注意:not a
little 的意思不是“很少”,而是“不少”或“相当多”,它与quite a
little, a good little 大致同义。
如:
It has given me not a little trouble. 这给带来不少麻烦。
She spent not a little money on clothes.
她花了相当多的钱来买衣服。
We were not a little surprised at what we
saw.
5. 注意不要混淆 little
表示“小”和“少”。表示“小”,后接可数名词,其前可用 such 修饰;表示“少”,后接不可数名词,其前不能用 such 修饰,但可用so。
如: