八年级英语下

Unit 8 Life in the Future新版深圳牛津版

 

知识点及语法解析（含练习）

单词

1.Internet

on the Internet 在电脑上  

surf the Internet 网上冲浪

 

2.post （发在网上的）帖子

 I can’t understand what he talked about in his post today我不明白他今天所发的帖子想要说什么。

3.apology  n.      

apologize  v. 道歉

 

a letter of apology 道歉信       

accept one’s apology 接受道歉    

 

apologize to sb. 向某人道歉 

=make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉   

 

apologize for sth. 因某事道歉     

apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉

 

You should make an apology to him.你应该向他道歉

We apologize for the late departure of this fight.本航班起飞延误，谨致歉意。

 

4.excuse   n.借口辩解     v.为….做辩解  请原谅

without excuse 无故      

in excuse of 为…..辩解

excuse for sth./doing sth.  （做）某事借口、理由

excuse sb.for (doing ) sth. 原谅某人（所作某事）

There’s no excuse for such a mistake. 犯这种错误说不过去。

 

5.past

in the past在过去    

in the future在将来

I used to go to my uncle’s in the past.我过去常常去我叔叔家。

 

6.present

in the present 现在

You’d better forget the past and start living in the present.你最好忘记过去，开始活在当下。

in the past and present 过去和现在

He told me something about the town in the past and present.他告诉我这个小镇的过去和现在的情况。

 

7.wide宽的反义词narrow

How wide is it? 它有多宽？

名词：width 宽度

动词：widen 拓宽，放宽

The city is widening this street. 该城正在拓宽这条街。

 

8.shape 形状     v. 使….成形 塑造 

take shape 成形 

The swimming pool is in the shape of a heart.这个游泳池呈心形。

 

9.cafe 咖啡馆，小餐馆

I had some coffee in this cafe.我在这个咖啡馆喝咖啡。

 

10.recently adv. 不久前，最经

I'm very busy recently.最近我很忙.。

 

recent adj. 近来的，最近的 

recently  adv

Many changes have take place in our city in recent years.近几年来，我们的城市发生很多改变。

 

11. forever adj

I will love you forever. 我将永远爱你。

 

12.certainly adv. 无疑，肯定

  It is certainly better than that.这当然是比那更好。

  ---Can you help me?

  ---Certainly.

 

13. recommend建议

  recommend to do sth. 推荐 建议做某事

  recommend doing sth. 推荐做某事  劝解做某事（没有指定人去做）

  recommend sb./sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某人某物

recommend sb.for/ as … 推荐某人担当….

 

Can you recommend a good place to us? 你可以推荐一个好地方给我吗？

 

He recommends reading the book before seeing the movie. 他建议我先看书再看电影。

 

He recommend that she should read the book.他建议她看那本书。

 

14.satisfy v.满意  satisfied adj.满意的

be satisfied with sb/sth  对某人某事满意

be satisfied to do sth. 对做某事很满意

 

15.This play will satisfy everyone. 这个计划能让所有人满意。

   satisfaction n. 

 

15. mix v. 混合掺合融合   

mixture n. 混合物

mix…with/and…把…与….混合

 

Mix the eggs and sugar together. 把蛋和糖掺在一起。

He mixed this oil with the the paint.他把这种油和油漆掺在一起。

 

16. electronic adj.电子的

an electronic map

  

This dictionary is available in electronic form.本词典有电子版。

 

17.relax v. 放松 

     relaxation n. 休息 娱乐 消遣

     relaxed adj.  relaxing adj. 放松的令人放松的

  Don’t worry. Just relax and enjoy the film.

 

18.while 在...期间,当...时候

 

She started her own business while she

 

she still at university.他大学时就开始创业。

 

They were singing while we were dancing.

 

19. technology 科技

   With the development of modern science and technology, our country is developing very quickly.随着现代科技的进步，我们的国家正在迅速发展。

 

20. prepare v.  

   prepared=ready

   prepare for sth.=be ready for =be prepared for

  

I have to prepare for the lesson before I have class.

 

短语

1. in the present在现在在现在  

    at present 目前 现在=now

2. at the front  It has a window at the front.

  in the front of  在…（内部的）前面

  in front of  在…前面

at the front of在（某个物体本身或范围之内）的前部，但仅指一个点而

3. both...and...谓语用复数

  Both English and physics are my favourite subjects.

4. a new type of...一种新型的

  We can find a new type of method to improve it.

5. mix...with... 相混合

6. in the shape of.....

7. virus-cleaning software 杀毒软件

8. break down 抛锚 过去形式 broke down

9. have trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难

10. keep in touch with...与...保持联系

11. prepare for

12. in a second 片刻，瞬间

I will be back in a second.

 

                                      UNIT8

一．填入适当单词，完成句子。

1. She __________ the flour with the milk to make a paste just now

2. How is judy__________? I haven’t seen her for ages.

3. We should deal with__________ carefully. It is a dangerous gas which is easy to burn and explode.

4. “I hat him. I hope that I will not see him__________,” Angela said angrily.

5. It is difficult to __________ every customer in a restaurant.

6. I think you’d better use a(n) __________ calculator to help you. You will complete the exercise much faster.

7. I hope i will have a chance to__________ in a seaside town in New Zealand one day.

8. There are a lot of__________ and narrow pipes under the streets in our city. They are for different uses.

9. If you ask me which restaurant is the best, i will__________ recommend it to you.

10. __________I was driving my car along the highway, i suddenly received a phone call from my wife.

11. Don’t yo think you need to make a(n) __________to your mum? She is very sad now.

12. No one knows what computers will be like in the future. However, human being stil know how to control them them __________.

 

二．选择短语的适当形式完成句子。

in the past and present   mix...with...   at the front    in the shape of    medicine cupboard be connected to     both... and     a new type of    sit back    on the Internet

 

1. It is not difficult for us to find any information___________________ nowadays.

2. You get green if you________ blue_______ yellow.

3. Please find a plster in the v for me.

4. To really know aobut the food industry in this country, we’ll have to look at ______the past ______the present.

5. The young woman looked for her daughter everywhere on the train. Finally she found the girl___________________after she waled through all the carriages(客车厢).

6. The boss ___________________in his chair, looked at me and said nothing.

7. I sent my cousin a special birthday present- a cake___________________a giant panda

8. The scientists have found _________________virus in the laboratory.(实验室)

9. The machine can________ easily_______different media players.

10. Write an article to compare the life in shanghai___________________.

 

过去进行时的讲与练

 

         过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：

I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。

They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。

     

 过去进行时的构成：

肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing

否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)+V-ing　

                    主语+were not (weren't)+V-ing

疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。　　

　

　基本用法：

1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，

1. at that time/moment,
2. (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…),
3. at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，
4. when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如：

 

What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？

 I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。

    I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。

       

 2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如：

    When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.

       

3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如：

 

I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

  

 

    when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：

    I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。

We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了

 

一般过去时与过去进行时的用法比较：

　

      一般过去时表示“在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态”，而过去进行时则表示“在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作”。

　　　如：

Tom wrote a letter to his friend last night.

汤姆昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。（信写完了）

 

Tom was writing a letter to his friend last night.汤姆昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。（信不一定写完，只是强调了动作的延续性）。

 

 　　　例如： 

I was reading an English novel last night.　昨晚我在看一本英文小说。（可能没看完）

 

I read an English novel last night　　我昨晚看了一本英文小说。（已经看完）

 

过去进行时练习

二、   用动词的适当形式填空。

1. While we _______ (wait) for the bus, a girl _______ (run) up to us.

2. I _______ (telephone) a friend when Bob _______ (come) in.

3. Jim _______ (jump) on the bus as it _______ (move) away.

4. We _______ (test) the new machine when the electricity ______ (go) off.

5. She ______ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _________ (all, work) in the fields.

6. While mother _____ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _____ (ring).

7. As I ____ (walk) in the park, it ______ (begin) to rain.

8. Even when she _______ (be) a child she _______ (already, think) of becoming a singer (歌唱演员).

9. It was quite late at night. George _____ (read) and Amy _______ (play) her needle when they _____ (hear) a knock at the door.

10. There _______ (be) a group round the fire when they ______ (reach) it. An old woman ______ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _______ (lie) near her; a donkey _______ (bend) his head over a tall girl.

 

1. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.

2. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____(do) the same thing.

3. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time?   We _____ (watch) TV.

4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _____ (listen) to the radio.

5. They _____(not make) a model ship when I saw him.

6. _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?
No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom.

7. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school?  Yes, it ____. (No, it ____)

8. What _____ your father _____ (do) when he was your age?

9. One day, Edison _____ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.

10. He asked me if I ______ (go) fishing that afternoon.

11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _____ (leave) in five minutes.

12. In a letter, john told us that he _____ (come) to china next month.

13. When the bell rang, jenny _____ (wait) in her seat.

14. She _____ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.

15. While my father ____ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly ___a cry.

16. When I ____ (come) in the room, he ____ (see) me, for he ____ (read) something

17. When we ___ (arrive) at the village, it _____ (get) dark and it ___ (rain) hard.

18. I _____ (know) you ____(wait) for me here.

19. One day a little monkey ____ (play) in a tall tree. A mother crocodile(鳄鱼) ____ (look) for food near the bank.

20. What ____ your father ____ (do) yesterday evening? He ____  (study) at the evening school.

21. Later his parents found that he _____  (sit) on some eggs.

22. When he knocked at the door, my aunt ____  (cook)

23. The students ______ (sing) and ____ (dance) happily on the playground at that time.

24. I ____  (write) a letter when the door bell rang.

25. We had no classed at that time. We ____ (plant) trees.

三、选择题。

（  ）1.    I ______  a meal when you _____ me.
a. cooked, were ringing        

b. was cooking, rang     
c. was cooking, were ringing       

d. cooked, rang

（  ）2.    He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.
a. tries                      b. tried     

c. was trying          d. will try

 

（  ）3.    While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.
a. was watching, was hearing       

b. watched, was hearing
c. watched, heard                       

d. was watching, heard

 

（  ）4.    They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.
a. were watching           b. watch        

c. watched                       d. are watching

（  ）5.    What book ____ you ____ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?
a. did, read, was seeing               

b. did, read, saw
c. were, reading, saw                 

d. were, reading, was seeing

 

（  ）6.    It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.
a. are getting                 b. get     

c. were getting              d. got

 

（  ）7.    Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.
a. is, thinking, was   

b. was, thinking, is       

c. did, think, is             

d. was, thinking, was

 

（  ）8.    A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.
a. saw, passed 

b. was seeing, passed

c. was seeing, passed 

d. was seeing, was passing

 

（  ）9.    We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.
a. were waiting, waiting       

b. were waiting, wait    

c. waited, waiting  

d. waited, wait

 

（  ）10.   He ____ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
a. helps                     b. would help        

c. was helping        d. is helping

 

（  ）11.   While mother _______ some washing, I _____ a kite for Kate.
a. did, made          

b. was doing, made

c. was doing, was making   

d. did, was making

 

（  ）12.   “_______ you angry then?” “they ______ too much noise.”
a. are, were making             

b. were, were making   

c. are, made   

d. were, made

 

（  ）13.   He ____ some cooking at that time, so _____ me
a. did, heard  

b. did, didn’t hear 

c. was doing, heard       

d. was doing, didn’t hear

 

（  ）14.   This time yesterday jack _____ his bike. He _____ TV
a. repaired, didn’t watch             

b. was repairing, watched            
c. repaired, watched             

d. was repairing, wasn’t watching

 

（  ）15.   His parents wanted to know how he _____ on with his new classmates.
a. was getting          b. gets    

c. is getting              d. will get