七年级上Unit 7  School Clubs同步辅导

 

重点语法：一般过去时

重点及难点解析

重难点知识：1. 动词过去式的规则变化和不规则变化；

            2. 一般过去时的句型变化；

            3. 表过去的时间状语。

 

                    一般过去时的用法

〖教材典句〗

 1. Last month, they attended the Clubs Fair.

 2. I had an exciting time at school yesterday.

 3. But a few minutes later, an old lady found it and gave it back to me!

 4. Linda and Leo were very surprised.

 5. Did you get to know any other clubs?

以上5个句子是本单元的语法知识点。

 

〖语法全解〗

一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

一、动词过去式的词形变化

1. 规则变化可概括为：“直”、“去”、“双”、“改”四字诀。

① “直”—— 一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed：work-- worked ,clean--cleaned

② “去”—— 以不发音的e结尾的词，直接加d：live --lived

③ “双”—— 以重读闭音节（辅音+元音+辅音）结尾的词，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stop--stopped

④ “改”—— 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i加ed：study--studied

★★★规则动词过去式-ed的发音:

1)        在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后, -ed读作/ t /。worked  /wɜ:kt/

2)        在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后, -ed读作/d /。lived  /livd /    play  /pleid /

3)        以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后, -ed读作/id /。 visited  /'vizitid/

【练习】写出下列-ed的发音。

1. finished                5. helped              

2. wanted                 6. called              

3. needed                 7. enjoyed             

4. shouted                 8. moved              

Keys：1. /t/ 2. 3./id/ 4. /id/ 5. /id/ 6. /t/ 7. /d/ 8. /d/ 9. /d/

 

2. 不规则动词变化：

1）无变化，过去式与原形相同。

let→let, put→put, hit→hit, cost→cost, cut→cut, hurt→hurt, read→read

2）元音字母的变化。

i→a: begin→began, drink→drank, ring→rang, sing→sang, swim→swam, give→gave, sit→sat

i→o: drive→drove, ride→rode, shine→shone, write→wrote, rise→rose, win→won,

i→ou: find→found

a→oo: take→took

e→o: get→got, forget→forgot

o→a: come→came, become→became

3）元音字母组合的变化。

aw/ow/y→ew: draw→drew, blow→blew, grow→grew, know→knew, throw→threw, fly→flew

4）元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。

(1) sell→sold, tell→told

(2) say→said, pay→paid

(3) keep→kept, sleep→slept

(4) bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought

(5) catch→caught, teach→taught

(6) can→could,  will→would,  shall→should

5）辅音字母变化。

(1) build→built, send→sent, spend→spent

(2) make→made, have→had, hear→heard

(3) learn→learnt

 

【练习】写出下列动词的过去式。

1.collect___________    2.play   ___________ 3.carry ___________   

   4. stop ___________     5.read___________   6.hope ___________   

   6.try ___________       7.travel __________  8. write ___________

Keys: collected  played   carried   stopped   read    hoped  tried  travelled   wrote

 

二、句型：

1. 肯定句：谓语动词用过去式（没有人称和时态的变化）；

eg: I joined the Solar Power Club yesterday.

   I was ill yesterday.

2. 否定句：将谓语动词改为“didn't+动词原形”；含有be动词和情态动词的句子，直接在其后加“not”.

eg: I didn't join the Solar Power Club yesterday.

   I was not ill yesterday.

3. 一般疑问句：在句首加助动词did，句中的动词也要改为原形。含有be动词和情态动词的句子，直接将be动词和情态动词提至句首。

eg: Did you join the Solar Power Club yesterday?

   ——Yes, I did.

   ——No, I didn't.

   Were you ill yesterday?

   ——Yes,I was.

   ——No, I wasn't.

4. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句

eg: ——When did you join the Solar Power Club?

   ——Yesterday.

【练习】

      __________ you ___________TV yesterday?

A. Do; watch  B. Did; watch  C. Do; watched  D. Did; watched

Key: B

 

三、一般过时的用法

1. 主要用于表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。行为动词的过去式表示过去的动作，be动词的过去式表示过去的状态。

eg: Mother bought a new pair of shoes for me last week. （过去发生的动作）

   I was 12 years old last year. （过去存在的状态）

2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与often，always等表示频度的时间副词连用。

eg: I often went to school on foot. （过去）我经常步行去学校。

3. 与when等连词引导的状语从句连用。

eg: When we got home, we had a short rest.

 

四、一般过去时的时间状语

一般来说，一般过去时都有明显的表示过去的时间状语。如：yesterday., last...,...ago, in 1998, just now等等。

eg: Your mother came here an hour ago.

【练习】

The old man ________ the hospital just now.

A. get        B. got         C. got to        D. gets

Keys：C

 

自我检测—做一做

考点精练

一、单项选择。

(   )1. A: ________ you _______ the football match yesterday?

B: Yes, I did. It was great.

A. Did; see        B. Have; seen       C. Will; see      D. Were; seen

(   )2. A: ________ you at home yesterday evening?

B: Yes, I _________ with my mother

A. Were ; were     B. Was ; was       C. Were ; was     D. Was ; were

(   )3. A: What did you do last Saturday?

B: I________ my uncle．

A．visit          B．will visit       C．visited       D．am visiting

(   )4. A: Who telephoned you just now?

B: Mary. She ________ her mother was ill.

A. says　　       B. said　　        C. has said　　   D. will say

(   )5. I _______ to bed until my grandma came back home.

A. didn't go        B. went           C. had gone      D. have gone

二、用词的适当形式填空。

1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.

2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

3. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.

4. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.

5. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

6. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.

7. She watches TV every evening. But she _______________ (not watch) TV last night.

8. -What time _______ you _______ (get) to Beijing yesterday?

  - We __________ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.

9. –When _______ you _________ (come) to china? 

  –Last year.

10. Did she ________ (have) supper at home?

 

三、按要求改写下列各句。
1. I was at home this morning. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)
  __________ _________at home this morning?
　__________, _________ _________.　　　　　　
2. He did morning exercises in the morning. (改为否定句)
　He_________ _________do morning exercises in the morning.
3. They had a big dinner yesterday. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)
 ________ ________ ________ a big dinner yesterday?

________,_________ ________.
4. Mr. Wang went to America by plane. (对划线部分提问)
 ________ _______Mr. Wang________ to America?
5. I came here five years ago. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________you____________ here?

真题链接

一、单项选择。

(    ) 1. Then a man _______ a dragon in a well. He asked the dragon to get out of the well.（海珠区2012学年期末测试）

A. find             B. finds                  C. found                   D. finding

(    ) 2.—— ________ you _______go to school by bike when you were a child, dad?（白云区2012学年期末测试）

       ——No. I usually went to school on foot.

A. Did, used to     B. Did… use to      C. Are… used to         D. Do… use to

(    ) 3.Where did he ______ before he came to Guangzhou?（省实2010年期末测试）

A．use to living    B．use to live       C．use for living         D．use for live

(    ) 4. He left home at 7:00 and _______school at 7:15 this morning.（荔湾广雅2009年期末测试）

A. gets to                B. got to                    C. arrived in               D. arrives    

(    ) 5. When Mrs Green passed by us, we ________and said hello to her.

A. stopped talk     B. stopped to talk     C. stopped talking        D. stopped and talked

(    ) 6. The doctor gave me some medicine and ________ me ________ it after dinner.

A. tells, take      B. tells, to take       C. told, take              D. told, to take

(    ) 7. ________ you often ________TV when you were a little boy?（培正中学2011年初一上学期期中考试）

A. Do; watch    B. Did; watch     C. Do; watched              D. Did; watched

(    ) 8. Jack came back from France _________. （省实2011年初一上学期期中考试）

A. two days last    B. two days ago      C. after two days          D. before two days 

(    ) 9. One day he phoned and         me he would be away for a week. （广州市2010年中考）

A. tell            B. tells             C. told                  D. had told

(    ) 10. A: You look very nice in your new dress today.（广州市2013年中考）

        B: Oh, really? I _________ it when it was on sale.

A. buy           B. bought           C. have bought            D. will buy

 

 

二、完成句子。

1. 他太累了，他一上床就睡着了。（海珠区2012学年期末测试）

He was so tired that he _________ ___________ as soon as he went to bed.

2. 她环顾四周，没有发现人。

She ________ ________ but found ________.

3. 他没有完成作业，因此老师很生气。（荔湾广雅2009年期末测试）

He didn’t finish the homework, so the teacher __________ _________ _________ him.

4. 刘梅英语考试不及格，她对妈妈说了实话。（荔湾广雅2009年期末测试）

Liu Mei didn’t pass the English exam. She ________ _________ _______ to her mother.

5. 我爷爷过去常常喝很多酒，但现在很少这样做了。（海珠区2012学年期末测试）

My grandpa ___________ __________ drink a lot of wine, but now he seldom does it.

 

三、句型转换

1. They went after the thief on the other side of the road.（改为否定句）（第16中2011年上学期期中考试）

  They _______ _______ _______ the thief on the other side of the road.

2. His mother was very angry because he came back too late.（对划线部分提问）（第16中2011年上学期期中考试）

  _______ _______ his mother very angry?

3. Mike did his homework at school.（改为否定句）（广州市第一中学2011年上学期期中考试）

  Mike _______ _______ his homework at school.

4. Miss Li taught them history last term.（对划线部分提问）（广州市第一中学2011年上学期期中考试）

  ________ ________Miss Li them history?

5. My grandpa was a doctor when he was young. （对划线部分提问）

  ________ ________ your grandpa ________ when he was young?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

自我检测—做一做参考答案

考点精练 

一、单项选择

Keys: ACCBA

二、用词的适当形式填空

Keys: lived, ate, made, played, cooked, sang danced, didn't watch, did get, got, did come, have

三、句型转换

Keys: 1. Were you; Yes, I was   2. didn't do   3. Did they have, Yes, They did.   4. How did, go

     5. When did come

 

真题链接

一、单项选择

Keys: CBBBC  DBBCB

二、完成句子

1. fell asleep   2. looked around nobody  3. was angry with   4. told the truth   5. used to

三、句型转换

1. didn't go after   2. Why was    3. didn't do    4. When did     5. What did do