形容词比较级和最高级（八年级上Unit 3)

 

        第一部分  形容词比较级

　　(一)一般句式的构成：

        A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B
　　A 是主格 B 是宾格
　　如：

1. She is taller than me.

       [She is the tallest of the three girls. ]

1. He is older than me.
2. The boy runs faster than the girl.
3. This lesson is more difficult than Lesson Five.
4. The story is more interesting than that one.
5. She looks younger than his sister.
   

（二）英语形容词比较级的构成
　　英语形容词比较等级有三个：

              原级，比较级和最高级。

　　形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
　　规则变化
　　1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】

          原级         比较级       最高级
　　great      greater      greatest
　　small     smaller      smallest
　　clean     cleaner      cleanest

        big         bigger biggest

        high      higher highest

        tall        taller tallest

        new      newer newest

        cheap  cheaper cheapest

        light    lighter lightest

       bright  brighter  brightest

       heavy   heavier heaviest

       clever  cleverer cleverest

       fast       faster      fastest

       cold     colder         coldest

       clever        cleverer      cleverest
　　narrow     narrower    narrowest
　　able            abler            ablest

 

　　2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）
　　【例】

        fine           finer      finest
　　wide         wider     widest

          large

          nice

          able

           
　3）闭音节,单音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
　　【例】

        big    bigger      biggest
　　hot    hotter      hottest
　　red    redder     reddest

        wet    wetter     wettest

       

　　4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。

 

      以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。
　　【例】

        busy 

        funny         funnier      funniest 

        easy            easier          easiest

        heavy         heavier       heaviest

        shy              shier            shiest
        angry         angrier       angriest

        healthy

       hungry 

       friendly friendlier friendliest

       (非正式more  friendly most friendly)  

5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。
　　【例】

careful     more careful      most careful
difficult   more difficult    most difficult
delicious more delicious  most delicious
interesting more interesting   most interesting

expensive   more expensive     most expensive

dangerous more dangerous   most dangerous

important  more important   most  important

useful

convenient   conveniently

intelligent

popular

practical=useful   usefully

special

successful               successfully

comfortable           comfortably

beautiful                 beautifully

competitive

confident                confidently

active                       actively

correct                    correctly

fantastic

• adj. 不可思议的；不切实际的;奇异的；空想的；异想天开的；古怪的；极好的，极出色的； 

 

 

 

 

 6) 　　不规则变化
　　原级    比较级  最高级
　　good   better   best

        well     better   best

　　bad      worse     worst
        badly   worse     worst

       ill          worse     worst

She  is better than the boy at  playing chess.
　　many    more     most

        much    more     most
　　

        little       less       least

        few         fewer   fewest

　　far      farther / further;

                    farthest / furthest

 

They look _____ than the poor girls, because they all dressed well [badly].  他们的穿着都不错[不好]。

         A.better  B. good

I slept very badly last night.  昨天夜里我睡得很不好。

 

 

 

注：

      有些形容词一般没有比较等级。

如：

     right, wrong, woolen, favourite 等。
　　

        形容词的比较等级的用法：

           比较级用于二者的比较。
　　【例】

Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。
There are more students in Class A than in Class B.一班比二班学生多。

 

He has more money than me.

　　

二、形容词各等级的用法：
　　1、 原级（同级）比较：

      as…[adj/adv]  as…;

   not as (so)…....as…

 

 He writes as well as I.

 She looks as  beautiful  as her sister.

 

They were as careful as the boys.

They did their homework as carefully as the girls.

 

 

　　

We’ll give you as much help as we can.
　　

She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before.

　　2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰：

 

  He  is even/much stronger than his elder brother.

 This room is much brighter than ours.

 This flower is much more beautiful than that type/kind of roses.

This country is even richer than Germany.

 

He made fewer mistakes than I did.

He is even richer than I.

 

 

This room is more brighter than ours.×

This flower is much more beautiful than that type of rose.√

3、高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：

It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.

He is the tallest of the three.

4、如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：

John is the cleverer of the two boys.

Of the two boys, John is the cleverer.

三、重点与难点：

1、 as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
as表示“像……一样”，引导比较状语从句，对主句和从句的动作或状态加以比较，说明它们之间有相似之处，在从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。例如：

He doesn't work as hard as I (do). 他不像我工作那样努力。

I hope the necklace was as good as the one you lent me.我希望我挂项链同你借给我的一样好。

     用于as...as...或not so/ as...as...中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。如:
They helped the old man as often as possible.
I don't speak English so/ as well as he does.

 

 

You’re a boy as good as Tom.

=You’re as good a boy as Tom.

 

2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb.can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：
　　The man was too angry to be able to speak.
　　The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.
　　The milk was too hot to drink.
　　The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it.
　　(2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：
　　He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.
　　The book is too difficult for me to read.=
　　The book is not easy enough for me to read.
　　3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：
　　约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.
　　John is less stupid than Mike.
　　John is cleverer than Mike.
　　4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。
　　John is taller than any other boy in the class.
　　John is the tallest boy in the class.
　　John is taller than :any other boy.
　　any of the other boy.
　　all the other boy.
　　any of the others.
　　any one else.
　　5、 the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”:
　　The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
　　The more food you eat, the fatter you are.
　　6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”:
　　More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.
　　Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
　　Mid-Autumn Festival
　　Mid-Autumn Day
　
　　第二部分  形容词比较级和最高级

　　绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
　　　　形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad
　　　　形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。分为规则变化和不规则变化。
　　　　规则变化如下:
　1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
　great (原级)            (比较级)            (最高级)
　2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
　wide (原级)          (比较级)           (最高级)
　3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
　clever(原级)           (比较级)            (最高级)
　4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.
happy (原形)         (比较级)            (最高级)

5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
　big (原级)             (比较级)            (最高级)

6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。
beautiful (原级)?(比较级) (最高级)
 difficult (原级)  (比较级)
 (最高级) 　　　　

常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
　　　　原级------比较级------最高级
　　　　

good------better------best
　　    

many------more------most
　　　　

much------more------most
　　　　

bad------worse------worst
　　　　

far----farther, further---farthest, furthest
　形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"
important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要
　形容词比较级的用法:
　形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
　　　　主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
　　　　Our teacher is                 we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
　　　　It is          today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
　　　　This picture is                   than that one. 　这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
　　　　This meeting is                   than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。
　　　　The sun is                   than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
　　　　形容词最高级的用法:
　　　　形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
　　　　主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
　　　　She is             student      her class. 　她是班上最好的学生。
　　　　Shanghai is one of                  cities      China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
　　　　This is              apple I have ever met. 　这是我见到的最大的苹果。
　　　　Tom is              boy in his basketball team. 　汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
　　
　

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

　英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题
1. This box is___ that one.
　　A. heavy than    B. so heavy than　

       C. heavier as     D. as heavy as
2 When we speak to people, we should be ___ .
　　A. as polite as possible       

        B. as polite as possibly
　　C. as politely as possible      

        D. as politely as possibly
3 This book is___ that one, but____ than that one.
　A. as difficult as; expensive      

    B. as more difficult as; more expensive
　C. as difficult as; more expensive  

   D. more difficult as; as expensive
4 I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting              B. interested   

C. more interesting  D. most interesting
5 His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while

6. I think science is _ than Japanese.
A. much important  

B. important  

C. much more important  

D. more much important

7. This pencil is___ than that one.
A. longest    B. long    C. longer    D. as long

8. My mother is no ___ young.
A. shorter    B. longer    C. little     D. few
9. These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
    A. more tall      B. more taller   

    C. very taller    D. much taller
10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
　A. even hotter             B. more hotter　　

    C. much more hot     D. much hot
11. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
　A. more bad        B. a little worse   

   C. much badly    D. a lot of worse
12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students.
　　A. quite a few    B. only a few

       C. few                    D. a few quite
　　13.The house is small for a family of six.
　　A. much too     B. too much     C. very much     D.so
　　14.Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.
　　A. tall very many    B. very many tall    C. very tall many    D. many very tall
　　15. -What's your brother like?
　　   -He is___.
　　A. a driver    B. very tall    C. my friend    D. at school
　　16.The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. ,
　　A. much    B. little    C. expensive    D. cheap
　　17. Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.
　　A. more     B. quite    C. very     D. much
　　18. The earth is about____ as the moon.
　　A. as fifty time big    B. fifty times as big    C. as big fifty times    D. fifty as times big
　　19. Your room is       mine.
　　A. twice as large than    B. twice the size of　C. bigger twice than   D. as twice large as
　  20. Your room is ___ than mine.
　　A. three time big   B. three times big   C. three times bigger   D. bigger three times
　  21. His father is____than his mother. ;
　　A. older four years   B. as four years older   C. four years older   D. bigger four years
　　22. Maths is more popular than____.
　　A. any other subject   B. all the subjects   C. any subject    D. other subject
　　23. China is larger than ____ in Africa
　　A. any other country   B. other countries   C. the other country   D. any country
　　24. Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
　　A. any other boy   B. any boys   C. any boy   D. other boy
　　25. When spring comes, it gets____.
　　A. warm and warm  B. colder and colder   C. warmer and warmer  D. shorter and shorter
26. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.
A. more and more   B. much and much   C. many and many   D. less and least
　　27. At last he began to cry ___.
A. hard and hard       B. more hard and more hard
C. harder and harder    D. less hard and less harder
　  28. When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.
　　A. short; long     B. long; short     C. longer; shorter     D. shorter; longer
　　29. ___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.
　　A. The best; the more    B. The more; the less　　C. The more; less   D. More; the more
30. ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.
A. The more; the more interesting　　B. The less; the more interesting
C. The more; the more interested     D. More; more interested
31. ___ you come back, _____ it will be.
A.The quicker; the best   B.The sooner; the better   
C. Faster; the better      D. The sooner; better
　　32. I like___ one of the two books.
　　A. the older    B. oldest    C. the oldest     D. older
　　33. Which is___country, China or Japan?
　　A. the large    B. the larger    C. larger     D. largest
　　34. Of the two cups, he bought       .
　　A. the smaller    B. the smallest    C. small     D: smaller
　　35. 1 Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?
　　A. well    B. better    C. best     D. most
　　36. This work is ____ for me than for you.
　　A. difficult     B. most difficult　　C. much difficult     D. more difficult
　　37.  Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish?
　　A. good    B. better    C. best    D. well
　　38. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once    
　　A. higher    B. highest    C. high too    D. more high
　　39. Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter?
　　A. well     B. better     C. best      D. good
　　40. Who jumped____of all?
　　A. far    B. farther    C. farthest     D. the most far
　　41. Li Lei is___ student in our class.
　　A. tall    B. taller    C. tallest    D. the tallest
　　42. The fifth orange is____ of all. Give it to that small child.
　　A. big    B. bigger     C. the bigger     D. the biggest
　　43. Who is      of you three?
　　A. the oldest    B. much older    C. oldest    D. older
　　44. Tom is one of ____ boys in our class.
　　A. tallest    B. taller     C. the tallest     D. the tall
　　45. English is one of____ spoken in the world.
A. the important languages     B. the most important languages
C. most important language     D. the most important language
　　46. Beijing is one of____ in China.
　　A. the largest city r    B. the large cities    C. the larger cities    D. the largest cities
　　47. Most of the woods ____ been taken good care of.
　　A. are    B. is     C. has     D. have
　　48. ___ like playing football and watching TV.
　　A. Most boys    B. Most of they    C. Most boy    D. More of they
　　49. ___ are here watering the flowers here.
　　A. Some    B. Some of the boys    C. Some boy    D. Some of boys
　　50. ___ haven't been to American.
　　A. Most them    B. Most they    C. More of them    D. Most of them
　　51. ___ is more beautiful than roses.
　　A. No other flower    B. No another flower   C. Not other flower    D. Not all flowers
　　52 The tree is ___ in the garden.
　　A. the taller     B. the tallest　　 C. taller than of-all    D. tall.
　　53. Mary studies harder      in her class.
　　A. as any one     B. than any other girl     C. than the other     D. than anyone
　　54. Which is___, Li Lei or Wu Tong?
　　A. strong    B. strongest     C. stronger     D. the strongest
55. Which language is____, English, French or Japanese?
 A. easy    B. the most easy     C. the easiest    D. much more easy
　　56.Which is____interesting, science, maths or English?
　　A. more    B. the most    C. very     D. too
57. Which city is____, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?
A. beautiful     B. more beautiful     C. much more beautiful     D. the most beautiful
　　58. Which month is____, June, July or August?
　　A. hot     B. hotter     C. hottest     D. the hottest
　　59. Do you have ____ to tell us?
　　A. something new     B. new something     C. anything new     D. new anything
　　60. Mike, I have____to tell you.
A.important something     B.important anything
C. something important ,    D. anything important
　　61. There is ___ in today's newspaper.
A. interesting something    B. nothing interesting
C. interesting anything      D. anything interesting
　　62. -Is Mrs Brown badly ill?
　　    -No, ____. Only a little cold.
　　A. quite well     B. nothing serious     C. not worry     D. anything serious
　　63. Come here, I have____ to tell you.
A. interesting something    B. anything interesting
C. nothing interesting      D. something interesting
　　67. I'm not ___ to lift the heavy box.
　　A. short enough     B. enough tall     C. health enough     D. strong enough
　　68. The girl works hard ___ to pass the exam.
　　A. enough     B. too      C. still      D. yet
69.  He has____ to think it over.
A. many time     B. times     C. time enough     D. enough time
　　70. "Do you want____
　　A. else anything    B. anything else    C. other anything    D. else something
　　71. Have you seen ___ in the room?
　　A. anyone else     B. else anyone    C. anyone other     D. everyone else
　　72. ___ would like to go to the park with me?
　　A. Whom else     B. What else     C. Who else     D. Else who
73. Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English____ her mother.
A. as good as     B. as better as     C. as well as      D. as best as
74. She was sick yesterday, but she is____ to go to school today.
A. enough good    B. good enough    C. enough well    D. well enough
　　75. This kind of book is-______ for the children to read.
A. enough well    B. enough good     C. well enough     D. good enough
76.-Are you feeling ____?
　　   -Yes, I'm fine now.
A. quite good     B. quite better     C. any well     D. any better
77 This shirt is not good. That one is even    
　　A. better     B. worse     C. well     D. worst
　　78. We have never seen___ interesting films.
　　A. such    B. such an     C. so     D. such a
　　79. Don't read       books ___ you can't understand.
　　A. as; such     B. such; as     C. same; as     D. as; as
　　80. This is____ book___ I'd like to read once more.
A. such an interesting; that    B. so interesting; that
C. such an interesting; as      D. a so interesting; as
　　81. We haven't seen ____ play.
　　A. so wonderful     B. a so wonderful     C. such wonderful     D. such a wonderful
　　82. I am twelve; Mike is fourteen; Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the ___ of the three.
　　A. old     B. older     C. oldest     D. the oldest
　　83. My ____ brother is three years ____ than I.
　　A. elder; elder     B. older; oldest     C. elder; older     D. older; elder
　　84. His ____ son often go to see him on Sunday.
A. eldest    B. older　 　C. the eldest    D. the older
85. He is two years ___ than I.
　　A. elder     B. smaller     C. younger     D. less
　　86. I think the book is very____.
　　A. interesting    B. interested    C. interest     D. interests
　　87. They were very ____ to see each other again.
　　A. pleased    B. surprising     C. happily -    D. angrily
　　88. She is very____ the news.
A. surprise in    B. surprise with     C. surprised at     D. surprised for
89.The boys are ___ computers.
　　A. interesting in    B. interested    C. interesting about    D. interested about
　　90 -How does Kate like her new work?   -She____ with the hours.
　　A. can't satisfy     B. isn't satisfied     C. doesn't satisfy     D- hasn't satisfied
　　91. The man was not ___ when he heard the ___ words.
A. frightening; frightening    B. frightened; frightened
C. frightening; frightened     D. frightened; frightening
　　92. Helen isn't a____ friend of mine. I feel___ sorry for her.
　　A. true; true     B. truly; true     C. true; truly     D. truly" truly
　　93. I'm sorry. I'm late. My watch is a few minutes____.
　　A. slower    B. slowly     C. more slowly     D. slow
　　94. The song sounds___.
　　A. sweet     B. nicely     C. well     D. moved
　　95. The ship sank____ under the sea.
　　A. deeply     B. depth     C. deep     D. more deep
　　96. ___ helped a lot in our country.
　　A. The blind is    B. The blind are    C. The blinds is     D. Blind are
　　97.___ should study hard for their work.
　　A. Young    B. The young man     C. The young     D. The young girl
　　98. ___ a happy life in China.
　　A. The old man live    B. The old live    C. The old is living    D. Old live
　　99. I don't feel very     .
　　A. terribly    B. well     C. good      D. badly
　　100. Looking at his      mother, the little boy looked____.
　　A. happy; good B. happy; well C. sadly; sad D. sad; sadly
　　101. Mother doesn't feel ___ today.
　　A. good    B. well    C. nice     D. health
　  102. In summer eggs will go___ easily.
　　A. terribly    B. terrible     C. badly     D. bad
　　103. Jim does morning exercises every day, so he looks very ___.
　　A. tired     B. good    C. well     D. happy
　　104. The___ boy was taken to the nearest hospital.
　　A. ill     B. sick     C. good     D. clever
　　105. We are___ of the work.
　　A. ill     B. sick      C. full      D. filled
　　106. He has not been at school, because he is___.
　　A. ill     B. well     C. fine     D. nice
　　107. At last it made them___.
　　A. happily     B. quickly     C. friendly    D. slowly
　　108. We had a____ meal yesterday evening.
　　A. lively     B. likely     C. lovely     D. love
　　109. It is raining hard. He is____ to be late.
　　A. lovely     B. likely     C. lively     D. friendly
　　110. This book is very good. It___ buying.
　　A. worths     B. is worth     C. worth     D. is worthing
　　111.The film is very interesting. It is worth ____ a second time.
　　A. seeing     B. see     C. to see     D. seen
　　112. I like___, but 1 dislike ___.
　　A. skating; swim     B. skate; swimming     C. to skate; skate    D. skating; swimming
　　113. I have worked on the problem, so I am feeling tired and___.
　　A. asleep     B. sleepy     C. sleeping     D. sleep
　　114. He lay on the floor and fell ___.
　　A. sleepy     B. sleeping     C. awake     D. asleep
　　115. Who is ____ in the next room?
　　A. asleep     B. sleep     C. sleeping     D. sleepy
　　116. We have___time to do it better.
　　A. not     B. no     C. no a     D. not a
　　117.  We have ____ water to wash clothes.
　　A. not any     B . no a     C. not a     D. no any
　　118.I only want to say that I am____ fool.
　　A. not any    B. no a    C. not a    D. no any
119. Mary's mother bought a____ coat for her yesterday.
A. new big blue silk    B. new blue silk big    C. new silk blue big  D. blue silk new big
　　120. My hometown has____bridge.
　　A. a stone old fine    B. an old stone fine    C. a fine old stone    D. an old fine stone
　　121.That's really silly _
　　A. of you to say so     B. for you to say so    C. of you saying so   D. for you saying so
　　122. It's important ___ exercise every morning.
　　A. of you to take     B. for you to take     C. of you taking    D. for you
　　形容词答案
　　1 . 1-5 D A C A B 　　　　　　　　　16. 1-3 D A D
　　2. 1-6 C C B D A B 　　　　　　　　17. 1-3 B A C
　　3. 1-6 A A D B D D 　　　　　　　　18. 1-5 C D D D B
　　4. 1-4 B B C C 　　　　　　　　　　19. 1-4 A B A D
　　5. 1-3 A D A 　　　　　　　　　　　20. 1-4 C C A C
　　6. 1-4 D A C C 　　　　　　　　　　21. 1-6 A A C B B D
　　7. 1-3 B C B 　　　　　　　　　　　22. 1-4 C D A C
　　8. 1-3 A B A 　　　　　　　　　　　23. 1-3 B C B
　　9 .1-5 B D B A B 　　　　　　　　　24. 1-5 B C B B C
　　10. 1-6 C D C D D A 　　　　　　　　25. 1-3 B A A
　　11. 1-3 C B D 　　　　　　　　　　　26. 1-3 C C B
　　12. 1-4 C A B D 　　　　　　　　　　27. 1-3 B A D
　　13. 1-3 A B B 　　　　　　　　　　　28. 1-3 B D C
　　14. 1-5 C C B D D 　　　　　　　　　29. 1-3 B D C
　　15. 1-5 C C B B D 　　　　　　　　　30. 1-2 A C
　　31. 1-2 A B