So/Nor/Neither +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语

 

A: We have a lot of books in our library.

B: So do we.

 

 

 

 

 一、句型结构是倒装句：

 

   助动词+主语 

 

 “

So/Nor/Neither +助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语

 

该句型表示“……也是”

助动词：do,did,does,will,have,has...

be动词: am,is ,are ,was ,were...

情态动词：can,could,may,should,must,...

 

一．So引导的倒装句

1.上一句是肯定句

     So+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语

 

  so+功能词+主语，该句型必须具备3个条件

    A.上句为肯定句

    B.上一句的谓语是同一种形式

    C.该上句主语与下句主语不一致。

例如，

 

助动词：do,did,does,will,have,has...

be动词: am,is ,are ,was ,were...

情态动词:can,could,may,should,must,...

 

 

① -- I like Jackie ’s action movies.How about you ?

    -- So do I .

②--He can swim.   

   --So can she.

   =She can swim, too.

③ －Bruce Lee is a famous actor.

      －So is Jet Li.

        =Jet Li is a famous actor,too.

 

 

二．Neither/nor 引导的倒装句
        Neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语

 

该句型必须具备3个条件

   

    A.上句为否定句；

    B.上一句的谓语是同一种形式

    C.该上句主语与下句主语不一致。

 

       上一句是否定句,用

  Nor/Neither + 助动词/ be动词 /情态动词 +主语

 

 

助动词：do,did,does,will,have,has...

be动词: am,is ,are ,was ,were...

情态动词：can,could,may,should,must,...

 

①--Yao Ming didn’t take part in the 30th  Olympic Games.

     --Nor did David.

    =David didn’t take part in the 30th  Olympic Games, either.

 

② -- I can’t play football.

     -- Nor/Neither can he.

 

③ --Yao Ming isn’t a football player.

     --Nor/Neither is Yi Jianlian.

 

④---Li  Lei  can’t dance.      

      ---Nor can Tom.

⑤---I  don’t  like eating apples.     

     ---Neither do I.

⑥--He doesn’t do his homework carefully.  

  ---Nor do they.

⑦---Li Ming isn’t a good student.      

    ---Nor is Mary.

 

三．So引导的强调句型
       So+主语+功能词，该句型必须具备两个条件-----

    a,上句为肯定句；

    b,该主语与上句主语一致。

例如，

1，---The book is a good book.    

      ---So it is.
2,---Tom is a lazy boy.       

     ---So he is.

 

3.练习

   1.-- I have never been there.    

       --________he.

      A.Neither have    B.Nor has

      C.So have               D.So has

 

  2.--He has been to Beijing.

      --________I.

      A.So can       B.Neither can

      C.Nor can    D.So have

 

  3.--Mike was born in New York and spent his childhood there.

      --_________.

  A.So was Bob                  B.So did Bob

  C.So it was with Bob    D.So Bob was

 

  Keys:   1．B  2．D  3．C

 

四．同步练习题。
1．--They are good students.

      --______         
   A.So we are.       B.So are we.

   C.Nor are we.    D.Nor we are.

2.---It is a good day today.   

    --- _______        
   A.So is it.              B. So it is.

   C.Neither is it.    D.So does it.

3.---You are a good man.  

    ---  ______          
    A. So is I.           B. So am I .

    C. Nor am I.     D. Nor I am.

4.---She is a beautiful girl. 

    --- ______.       
    A.Nor am I.         B. So  I am.

    C. So she is.         D. Nor is he.

5.---He slept very late last night.

    ---______.          
     A.So am I.     B.So I am. 

    C.So did I.     D.So I did.

 

  sleep  slrpt

  buy     bought

  leave  left

  do       did

  die      died

  go  went

  come  came

  say said

  speak spoke

 

 

 arrive arrived

 

 

 

 

   play    played

   look    looked

   stay     stayed

五．句型转换
1. --Jim’s mother was ill last night. 

     --So       Mary’s  mother.

 

2.---Wei Hua has two eggs every morning.

    ---                      I.

3.--Xiao Li was born in 1997.

      ----                 she was.

4.---I have a big nose.  

    ---                            he.

5.---She likes English very much.  

   ---So             they.

6.----Bob had a good time last summer.  

    -----                              Tom.

7.--I have already finished my homework. 

    --                              Tom.

8.---He will leave for Beijing tomorrow.  

    ---So             she.

9.--We were having lunch at 11 o’clock yesterday. 

    -- So             I.

10.--Now he is sleeping. 

      --So               my sister.

11.--He had eaten an apple before he slept.  

      --So             she.

12.--He doesn’t like English. 

     --                        I. 

      
13.--We don’t eat rice.   

      --                     they.   

  
14.--She won’t sleep in class in future. 

     --                        he.

15.--The twins don’t like pork. 

     --                      they.

附加练习
1.─You like singing and dancing.  

    ─____.
　   A. So do I　    B. So I do　

      C. I do so　    D. do I so

2.Her mother is a warm-hearted old lady. ____.
　A.So my mother is 　B.So is my mother
　C.Is my mother so 　D.My mother so is

3.--The fairy story "Snow White" is very interesting.

   --____.
　A.So it is  B. So is it　C.it is so  D.is it so

 

4.--You didn't go for an outing at the seashore.

   --____.
　A.Neither do I　    B.Neither I  did 　

   C.I didn't, either　D.Did neither I

5.--Marx was born in Germany,and German was his native language.

   --____.
　A.So it was with Engels　

    B.So was Engels　

    C.So Engels was　

    D.Was Engels so

 

 

6.John's not been to London. ____.
　A.Ben isn't either B.Neither is Ben
　C.Nor Ben has　   D.Neither has Ben

 

7.The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply.   ____.

　A.Charlie does so 　 B.Charlie did so
　C.So does Charlie 　 D.So did Charlie

 

8.Not only __ but also she likes singing.
　

    A.she likes painting　　　　

    B.does she like painting
　C.likes painting she　　　　

   D.she does like painting

 

9.The students have learned a lot from the workers and ____.
　A.so the teachers have　　　

    B.have the teachers so
　C.so have the teachers　　　

    D.have so the teachers
　

 

 

六、倒装句课堂练习：

一．用“So/Nor/Neither  + 助动词/ be动词 /情态动词 +主语”

或“So/Nor/Neither +主语 + 助动词/ be动词 /情态动词 ”的知识完成下列各题：

 

1.You aren’t allowed to smoke here.

     ____　____　____.　（他们也是．）

 

2.Jane has certainly been working hard.  ____　____　____　____．（她的兄弟们也是．）

 

3.--Did Tom tell you to water the flowers?

　--He did. And ___　___　___.　（我的确浇了。）

 

4.Mike knows a lot about the Internet. And ____　____　____.　（我也是．）

 

5.It’s not very cold here in winter this year.____　_____　____.　（确实是）

 

6.--Did you enjoy the trip?

　--I’m afraid not.And  ____　____　____　____.（我的同班同学也不喜欢）

 

 

七、改错（从下列各句中找出一个错误，在错词下划线，并在右边改正）：

I haven’t work out the answer,n or have she.    ______

 

  I’d made up my mind. So would I.            _________

 

Look!It isn’t raining any more. Nor is it.          _________

 

八、辨析“So+do+主语”

             与“So+主语+do”的区别

so do I  “我 也 是”
so Ido  “的 确 如 此”

例如：

He thinks Yao Ming is becoming a famous basketetball player in the world.  _____

这道题应选择so do I 还是so I do?

 

 

句型：“So+do+主语”与“So+主语+do”是中学生在平时学习中最容易混淆，最难以掌握，做题时总是有同学在这方面出错。现归纳总结如下，以期帮助同学们攻克难关，灵活的掌握运用他们。

 1. So+do/be/情态动词+主语（不同主语）    

           此句型为倒装结构，其主语与上文句子中的主语是不同的。so代表上句中陈述的肯定内容。do可以是连系动词、情态动词或助动词，且必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致，意思为“…也是如此”。如：

  —I like playing basketball. 我喜欢打篮球。

  —So do I. （=I like playing basketball, too.）我也喜欢。（第一句中的I与第二句中的I不是同一人）

  —I am tired. 我很累。

  —So am I. （=I am tired, too.）

   我也很累。

  —He can speak English very well.

   他英语讲得很好。

  —So can she. （=She can speak English very well, too.）

  她英语也讲得很好。

  注意：（1）此句型不管上句是何谓语都可以用：“So it is / was with+宾格”这一句型替换。如上面几句可以替换为：

  1）—I like playing basketball.

 —So it is with me.

  2）—I am tired.

 —So it is with me.

  3）—He can speak English very well.

 —So it is with her.

  （2）此句型只用于肯定句。否定句要用“neither/nor+do+主语”或“So it is with+宾格”结构。如：

  —He cant’t speak Russian.

  他不会讲俄语。

  —Neither / nor can I. 或者

  —So it is with me. （=I can’t speak Russian, either.）我也不会讲俄语。

  （3）但是，当前句中主语支配两个以上不同种类的谓语动词或前句中是两个分句，而主语不同时，不能用“So+do+主语”结构，而只能用“So+it+is/was+with+宾格”结构。如：

  —Tom was a good student and worked very hard.汤姆是一位好学生，他工作非常努力。

  —So it was with Jack. 杰克也是如此。

  —Tom likes swimming, but doesn’t like fishing.汤姆喜欢游泳而不喜欢钓鱼。

  —So it is with Jim. 吉姆也是如此。

  Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language._________________.

  A.So did Engels

  B.So it was with Engels

  C.So was Engels

  D.Neither was Engels      （答案：B）

 

 

  2.So+主语+do

 

     So+主语+ do/be/情态动词汇（同一主语）

      这是一种简单的答语，是对上文所说的情况加以肯定。其中so的意义相当于indeed, certainly。表示：“的确如此”，“确实这样”。如：

  —He works hard.他工作努力。

  —So he does, and so does his brother. 

  他确实是这样，他兄弟也是如此。

  —You went to see the film yesterday?

  你昨天去看电影了。

  —So I did.是的，我看了。

  —He is a good student.他是个好同学。

  —So he is. 确实是这样。

        从上面例句可以看出：此结构与前文为同一主语，是对上文事实加以肯定。

  

1、Tom can speak French. ______   _____  Jack. 

2、Tom asked me to go to play football and _____

   A. so I did.   B. so did I  

   C. so do I      D. neither  did I

3、 ---It's raining hard.

        ---________.

    A. So is it              B. So it is.  

    C. neither is it    D. So does it

4、If you won't go, ________

    A. so will I             B. So I will   

    C. neither will I.  D. neither I will

  

附：

 

       从"So do I"谈起
 
两人对话，乙方对甲方的问话常可用简短回答作出反应。例如：
Do you like it? -- Yes，I do.
这同样适用于陈述句的场合：
You worry too much．-- No，I don't.
          一种情况下，乙方也能用"So＋do＋主语"之类的结构表示看法。例如甲方说"我喜欢苹果"，乙方如果想表示"我也喜欢苹果"，英语可以说：
A：I like apples.
B：So do I．（＝ I like apples，too。）

      的so在意义上相当于in the same way，即同样、也那样，作简短反应表示同样看法时常用之。本文就诸如此类的四种结构略作介绍。
 
1．"So＋do＋主语"结构
        短反应中表示"我也如此"或"另外一个人也如此"时，也就是主语不同于上文的主语以及上文并无可用于构成倒装的动词（即操作词时），可用此结构。例如：
 
A：I like playing football.
B：So do I./So does my brother.

    

     文有可用于构成倒装的动词时，则用相同的动词或根据不同人称用同类的动词。
 
I must go -- So must I.
John can speak French．--So can I.
I've got a new car．--So has John.
She is clever.-- So is he.

 Neither/Nor ＋ do ＋ 主语" 结构如果上文表示否定意义而在简短反应中表示同样看法时，可用此结构。例如，甲方说I can't swim，乙方如果想表示"我也不会游泳"，英语可以说

 

 Neither can I. / Nor can I（＝I can't either）。
又例如：
A：He doesn't speak French.
B：Neither/Nor do I.
Neither/Nor does my brother.
Neither/Nor does my father.
关于以上两种结构，有两点说明：
 
第一，能用动词缩略形式。例如：
I'm going to London. ---So's John。(is)
I've been to New York. ---So's John.(has)
I'd have gone to Tokyo if I could．---So'd John.(would)
John hasn't got a visa. ---Nor've do I．(have)
Jim and Mary aren't acting in the college play. ---Neither's Peter.(is)
 
第二，上述甲乙对话如用and连成一句可出自一人
之口。例如：
John can speak French and so can't I.
John can't speak French and neither/ nor can I.
John speaks French and so do I.
John doesn't speak French and neither/nor do I.
上述斜体部分相当于and I can, too / and I
can't either / and I do too / and I don't either
的意思。
 3．"So＋主语＋do"结构在简短反应中，对别人所说的情况加以肯定以及主语与上文主语相同时，可用此结构，注意，这里不用倒装同序；so 的意义相当于indeed, certainly，即"不错"、"对了"。例如： A：John smokes a lot. B: So he does．(=He smokes a lot indeed.) 这类简短反应往往带有说话人的惊奇口吻。例如： A：Look，it's raining! B: So it is. 在这里，So it is的含义是 You are right! It is raining；and this surprises me.
 4．"Nor＋主语十do"结构如果乙方想对甲方所否定的情况加以肯定时，可用此结构(注：在这类结构中，neither少见)例如： Look! It isn't raining any more! ---Nor it is! This cup hasn't got a handle! ---Nor it has!
 

 

注意区分倒装句

  “So/Nor/Neither  + 助动词/ be动词 /情态动词 +主语”    “……也一样”

 

和不倒装的

“So/Nor/Neither +主语 + 助动词/ be动词 /情态动词 ”   “……的确如此”　【该句型表示对前句的认同】

 

  She didn’t study hard last term.

____ （她的确如此。）

 

It was cloudy yesterday.

_____ （确实是的。）

 

Your father smokes a lot .

______ （确实是这样。）

 

倒装句练习：

一．选择题

1.You aren’t allowed to smoke here. ___they.

    A．So  do         B Neither  do 

    C.  So aren’t    D.Nor are

2.--Jane has certainly been working hard.

    --____________

  A.So have their brothers  

  B.So her brothers have

  C.Her brothers have too   

  D.So have been her brothers

3.--Did Tom tell you to water the flowers?

　--He did. And _________________.

 A.so I did    B.so did   C. so I do   D.so do I

4.Mike knows a lot about the  Internet. And____ .

    A.I don’t either  B so do I

    C.so am I              D.I am,too

5.--It’s not very cold here in winter this year.

     --__________.

   A.So it isn’t      B.So it does 

   C So does it      D So it is

6.--Did you enjoy the trip?

　--I’m afraid not. And ____________.

   A.my classmates don’t either 

  B. my classmates don’t too

  C neither do my classmates  

  D.neither did my classmates　　　　　　　

二．判断题（对的写T，错的写F）：

(      )I haven’t work out the answer,nor have she.  

(      ) I’d made up my mind. So had he. 

(      )Look! It is raining now. Nor it is .         

 

二、句型巩固

 

So引导的倒装句型

So+功能词+主语，该句型必须具备两个条件—

a,上句必须为肯定句；

b,上句主语与下句主语不一致。

 

     注意功能词指be动词，助动词，情态动词。

例如，

1.---Li Lei can dance.     ---So can Tom.
2---I like eating apples. ---So do you.
3,---He does his homework carefully.     

    ---So do they.
4,--- Li Ming is a good student .     

    ---So is Mary.