英语句型转换专题讲座(三)基础讲解与练习
(2014-07-16 07:49:31)
标签:
英语句型转换专题讲座 |
分类: 初中小学 |
英语句型转换专题讲座(三)基础讲解与练习
肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的基础讲解与练习
二.句子的种类
类别 |
用法 |
标点 |
例句 |
||||
陈述句 |
肯定 |
叙述一件事情或 |
. |
|
This is a bag. |
||
That's my book. |
|||||||
否定 |
I can’t see a bag over there. |
||||||
I don't know. |
|||||||
疑问句 |
一般 |
用于提出问题 |
? |
|
Are you a student? |
||
Do you like puppets? |
|||||||
Can you speak English? |
|||||||
特殊 |
用于提出问题 |
? |
|
What's your name? |
|||
Where's my bag? |
|||||||
How many trees are there? |
|||||||
|
|
用于提出问题 |
? |
|
|
||
|
Is your friend a boy or a girl? |
||||||
|
反意 |
用于提出问题 |
? |
|
It's a fine day, isn't it? |
||
|
|
||||||
祈使句 |
表示命令或请求、建议 |
.或! |
|
Put it here! |
|||
Look at the noticeboard. |
|||||||
感叹句 |
表示惊讶\赞美\愤怒 |
! |
|
How smart! |
|||
|
Glad to see you! |
||||||
What a nice pencil case! |
|||||||
一、be动词:am, is, are
二、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句定义
1.肯定句:表示肯定的意思, 即不含有否定词“不”。
比如:我是一个学生 I am a student.
2.否定句:表示否定的意思。
比如:我不是一个男孩。 I am not a boy.
3. 一般疑问句:回答为“是yes”或者“否no”的问句。
比如:你是一个学生吗? Are you a student?
4. 特殊疑问句:回答不是“是yes”或者“否no”的问句,根据提问内容具体回答。
比如:现在几点了? What’s the time?
三、肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的相互转换
有am, is, are的句子,
肯定句变否定句:在am, is, are后面加上not,其余按顺序照抄。
肯定句变一般疑问句:把am, is, are提前放到句首并大写Am, Is, Are,其余照抄。
肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤
第一步:先变一般疑问句。
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分。
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。
注意:1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,
为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。
如:Liming 's not here today. Who's not here today? 今天谁没来?
2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。
when 什么时间(问时间) |
who 谁(问人) |
whose 谁的 问主人 |
where 在哪里 问地点 |
which 哪一个 问选择 |
why 为什么 问原因 |
what 什么 问东西 |
what time 什么时间 问时间 |
what colour 什么颜色 问颜色 |
what about…怎么样 问意见 |
what day 星期几 问星期 |
what date 什么日期 问具体日期 |
what place什么地点问具体地址 |
how …怎么样 问情况 |
how old 多大 问年龄 |
how many 多少 问数量 |
how much 多少 问价钱 |
how about …怎么样 问意见 |
how
far |
how
long |
How
soon |
How often多久 问频率 |
例如:
1.
肯定句:This is a book.
否定句:This is not a book.
一般疑问句:Is this a book?
肯定回答:Yes, it is.
否定回答:No, it isn’t.
2.
This is a book.
第一步:变一般疑问句 Is this a book?
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词 Is this what ?
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。What is this?
没有am, is, are的句子,
肯定句变否定句:在主语后面加上do not或者does not,其余按顺序照抄动词用原形。
肯定句变一般疑问句:在句首加do或者does并大写,其余照抄。注意:动词用原形。
肯定句变特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):分3步骤。
第一步:先变一般疑问句。
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分。
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。
注意:1.一定先变一般疑问句。但是,如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,语序不变,为"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。
2.划线部分不能在特殊疑问句中出现。
非单三时用do, 单三时用does。
非单三
一般疑问句:Do you like English?
否定句:I do not like English.
单三
一般疑问句:Does he like English?
否定句:He does not like English.
就划线部分提问:I like English.
第一步:先变一般疑问句 Do you like English?
第二步:找合适的特殊疑问词代替划线部分Do you like what?
第三步:特殊疑问词提前放到句首,并大写,其余按顺序照抄,省略划线部分。
What do you like?
特殊:
1.some变为any。如:
There are some birds in the tree.→There aren't any birds in the tree.
但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:
Would you like some orange juice?
与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。
2.and变为or。如:
I have a knife and a ruler.→I don't have a knife or a ruler.
3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:
They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)→They don't have many friends.
There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)→There isn't much orange in the bottle.
4.already变为yet。如:
I have been there already.→I haven't been there yet.
练习:
Class:
(
A.Morning
!
(
A.How are you
?
(
A.Night
!
(
A.How are you
?
(
A.I
have
10.
(
A.Yes,we do
.
(
A.Mr
Zhu.
(
A.He’s tall and
strong .
(
A.No,she
isn’t.
(
A.What’s your name
?
(
A.What classes do
you like?
(
(
A.What is it today
? B.What day is it today ?
(
A.What do you do
?
C.What do you do on Sundays ?
(
A.Sure.Here you are
.
(
A.from
(
A.has
(
A.you
(
A.too
(
A.six
(
A.ten
(
A.on
(
A.but
(
A.a
,
a
(
A.classes
六年级英语测试题
Class:
(
A.Fine,thanks.
(
A.Fine,thank
you.
(
A.I
go to Canada by plane. B.I go to school by bike.
(
A.I
usually go to school by bus. B.I go to England by
ship.
(
A.
Where is your home ? B.OK.
(
A.See you then
!
(
A.It’s not
far.
(
A.Next to the
cinema.
(
A.Yes,there is
.
(
A.Yes,there is
.
(
A.
Where is the cinema ,please ?
(
A.It’s next to the
hospital.
(
A.Thank you
.
(
A.Go
straight.Then turn left.
(
A.Go
straight.Then turn left.
(
A.I’m going to the
cinema .
(
A.No,it is
.
(
A.What
(
A.on
(
A.by
(
A.near
(
A.
Excuse
(
A.
After
(
A.
at
(
A.Where
四年级英语测试题
Class:
(
A.Hello!
(
A.How are you
?
(
A.Good evening
!
(
A.Fine,thank you
.
(
A.Fine ,Thank you
.
(
A.How are you
?
(
A.How many books do
you have ?
C.How many book do you have ?
(
A.How many lights
do you have ?
C.How many light can you see ?
(
A.Sure.Here you are
.
(
A.How much is this schoolbag ? B.How many is this schoolbag ?
C.How much are this schoolbag ?
(
A.It’s near the
door.
(
A.All right
!
(
A.There is a board
.
(
A.Here are you
?
(
A.Chinese
people.
(
A.am
(
A.is,
is
(
A.I
(
A.an
,an
(
A.are
(
A.
is
(
A.I
,
my
(
A.at
(
A.am
(
三年级英语测试题
Class:
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
牛津英语小学部分语法——特殊疑问句
一.特殊疑问句
单词 |
意思 |
用法 |
when |
什么时间 |
问时间 |
who |
谁 |
问人 |
whose |
谁的 |
问主人 |
where |
在哪里 |
问地点 |
which |
哪一个 |
问选择 |
why |
为什么 |
问原因 |
what |
什么 |
问东西 |
what time |
什么时间 |
问时间 |
what colour |
什么颜色 |
问颜色 |
what about |
…怎么样 |
问意见 |
what day |
星期几 |
问星期 |
what date |
什么日期 |
问具体日期 |
what for |
为何目的 |
问目的 |
how |
…怎么样 |
问情况 |
how old |
多大 |
问年龄 |
how many |
多少 |
问数量 |
how much |
多少 |
问价钱 |
how about |
…怎么样 |
问意见 |
how far |
多远 |
问路程 |
练一练
1、A:
_______ is the boy in
blue?
2、A:
_______ wallet is
it?
3、A:
_______ is the
diary?
4、A:
_______ is the Chirstmas
Day?
5、A:
_______ are the
earphones?
6、A:
_______ is the
hairdryer?
7、A:
_______ is it
today?
8、A:
_______ was it
yesterday?
9、A:
_______ this red
one?
10、A: _______ is it
from
here?
11、A: Can I have some paper and some crayons?
12、A:_______ one is
fatter, the blue one or the red
one?
13、A:_______ is
your
cousin?
14、A:_______ do you
have dinner?
对划线部分提问。(把各句变为特殊疑问句)
1、
The boy is running
now.
2、
He
is Lily’s father.
3、
She
is looking for the little boy.
4、
I
often help Wei Hua with English.
5、
Kate
lent Tom a ball
yesterday.
6、
The books are on the
desk..
7、
These are
boats.
8、
I
want a cup of tea.
9对职业(提问)提问:
The
man is a farmer.
10.对介宾(东西)提问:
He
is looking for his pen.
11、对是什么提问:
It’s
a Chinese car.
12、对计算结果提问:
Six
and nine is fifteen.
13、对年级提问:
I’m
in Grade Three.
14、对班级提问:
Li
Lei is in Class Five.
15、对年级和班级提问:
Wei
Hua is in Class Three Grade One,
16、对排提问:
We
are in Row One.
注:1、对年级、班级、排提问时,问句中的in 不能去掉.
2,what 后的grade ,class ,row用小写形式.
3,what根据实际译为汉语.
17、对学号提问:
Lucy
is Number Six.
18、对后置定语提问:
This
is a map of China.
19、对颜色提问:
The
flowers are
red.
20、对几点几分提问:
It’s
six.
21、对名字提问:
My
name is Li Lei.
22、对前置定语提问:
These apples are
yours.
The best one is
Lily’s.
23、对表语(名物代)提问:
This
cup is yours.
24、对后置定语提问:
The
boy in the hat is my brother.
25、对后置定语提问:
I
want to buy the shirt on the
left.
26、对主语(名物代)提问:
Mine is
red.
27、对定语(形物代)提问:
They
are my books.
28、对定语(名词所有格)提问:
This
is Lucy and Lily’s
room.
29、对表语(名词所有格)提问:
This
cup is Kate’s.
30对身体提问:
I’m
fine (well, OK, All
right.)
31、对年龄提问:
The
boy is
fifteen.
32、对天气提问:
It’s
cloudy today.
33、对语言提问:
I
can spell it in English.
34、对方式提问:
I
often go to school on foot.(by bus ,by train ,
by bike···)
35、对程度提问:
She
studies hard.
36、对数量提问:
1,There are
five birds in the tree.
2,There is
much water in the
bottle.
3,There is
an apple tree in front of the
house.
37、对价格提问:The meat
is ten
yuan.
注:1,对价格提问,be 应根据后面的主语而定。2,单位yuan在问句中去掉。
38、对距离提问:
The
factory is two kilometers from
here.
39、对长度提问:
The
ruler is one metre long.
40、对for+一段时间提问:
We
have stayed there for two
hours.
He
has lived here since
1997.
注:how long 后面必须是延续性动词。
Today is
Monday.
42、对in+一段时间提问:
The
woman will go to the shop in five minutes.
43、对频度副词提问:
Liu Ying often carries water for Uncle Li. How often does Liu Ying carry water for Uncle Li?
44、对范围内的次数提问:
I go
swimming once a week in summer.
45、对宽度提问:
The
river is five metres wide.
46、对原因状语提问:
He
didn’t come to school because he was ill in
bed.
注:表示“因为”的连词有since, as , for, because.
47、对时间状语提问:
We
usually come to school at seven in the
morning.
48、对地点状语提问:
The
children sometimes play football in the
playground.
49、对几月几日提问:
It’s
May 2 today.
50、对种类(后置定语)提问:
I
want the cakes with nuts in them
.
51、对做什么提问:
The
boys are playing in the
tree.
熟记变特殊疑问句时,容易判断错的情况。
1、
表示年龄:He is
fifty-five.
表示时间:It’s
fifty-five.
表示加法:Six and two is
eight.
表示价格:The shirt is
thirty yuan .
表示多少:I have
three
brothers.
2、
表示人名:My name is
Gina.
表示人:The woman is
Gina.
3、
表示距离:It’s five
hundred metres away from
here.
表示长度:It’s five
hundred
metres.
4、
表示颜色:The shoes are
white.
表示物:They are
white sheep.
表示颜色:They are
white sheep.
5、
表示名词所有格:She’s
Lucy’s sister.
表示人:She’s Lucy’s
sister.
Practise:
1._______________ is this? It’s a rubber.
2._____ _______ rubbers are there in the pencilbox?
3._____ _______ is your brother? He’s nine.
4.________ are they? They are cows.
5. _______ are you? I’m fine.
6. _______ do you feel? We are happy.
7.________ is your father? He is a dentist.
8.________ does he goto school? He goes to school by bus.
9.________ are the ducks? They are on the river.
10. ______ is his name? He is Martin.
11. _______ ________ new books have you got? Five.
12._______ ________ is the tree? It’s green.
13. _______coats are these? Mary’s.
14. _______ is on the desk? There is a glass.
15. _______ _______ is this book? It’s a cirecle.
对画线部分提问
1.
____________________________________________________
2.
____________________________________________________
3.
____________________________________________________
4.
____________________________________________________
5.
____________________________________________________
6.
____________________________________________________
7.
____________________________________________________
8.
____________________________________________________
9.
____________________________________________________
10. It is windy .
11. I am getting on well with it.
12. My bag is red .
13. The book is Li Hua’s.
14. I like math best.
15. They are five yuan .
16. I wash it twice a week .
17. He will be back in four days .
18. I didn’t come to class yesterday because I was ill .
II.选择题
(
Go
down the street and turn left at the second
corner?
(
(
(
(
C.
How old are
you
(
C.
Can I help
you
(
(
A.
What
(
(
(
(
A
How
就划线部分提问。
31.He often has lunch in the factory.
32.They will come back in a month.
33.He hurt his leg last Sunday.
34.I got up at six this morning .
35.They were drawing a horse when I came in.
36.I didn't go to school because I had a bad cold.
37.You'd better take the No.3 bus.
38.He's feeling well.
39.The girl in a red coat is my sister.
40.He comes to China once a year.
41. He goes to see his grandma ( twice a week ). (对括号部分提问)
_________________________________________________?
42. My father goes to work by car. ( 改为特殊疑问句 )
__________________________________________________?
43. It take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. ( 对括号部分提问 )
__________________________________________________?
44. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. ( 对括号部分提问 )
_______
45. Ted put his bag in the desk . ( 改为特殊疑问句 )
_____ ______ Ted
_____
46. The students ( went camping ) last week. (对括号部分提问)
_________________________________________________?
47. 3 and 9 is 12. (改为特殊疑问句)
_________________________________________________?
48. Diogenes came from ( Greece ). (对括号部分提问)
_____
_____
49. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). (对括号部分提问)
_______ _______ the
way to _______
50. We landed (on an unexplored planet ) . ( 对括号部分提问 )
___________ you land ?
IV.就划线部分提问。
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
___________________________________________________________
6.
___________________________________________________________
7.My father
is here.___________________________________________
8.Xiao Wang is looking for his teacher.
___________________________________________________________
9.Mrs. White is Tom’s mother.
___________________________________________________________
10.Tom’s
___________________________________________________________
11.Tom’s
___________________________________________________________
12.You go to work at eight.
___________________________________________________________
13.It’s April 27th._____________________________________________
14.It’s
___________________________________________________________
15.I am talking about the film.
___________________________________________________________
16.I
___________________________________________________________
17.I
___________________________________________________________
18.My uncle will take bus No.5.
___________________________________________________________
19.I
___________________________________________________________
20.I
___________________________________________________________
21.Mr.
Brown
___________________________________________________________
22.My sister began to learn English three years ago.
___________________________________________________________
24.I go to the cinema twice a week.
___________________________________________________________
25.It’s about two miles from my home to the library.
___________________________________________________________
26.Tom
___________________________________________________________
27.I haven’t any ink.
___________________________________________________________
28.There
are
___________________________________________________________
29.The new coat costs three yuan. ___________________________________________________________
30.You can go there
by
31.I like it very much.
___________________________________________________________
32.The students study English for the country.
___________________________________________________________
33.He
didn’t
___________________________________________________________
34.I
35.I’ll be back
in
___________________________________________________________
36.Zhang Hong is 1.60 meters tall.
___________________________________________________________
37.This
rope
___________________________________________________________
38.This
___________________________________________________________
39.I
___________________________________________________________
2. Those pots are Mr. Li’s. (划线提问) ____________________.
3. The hairdryer is Han Meimei’s. (划线提问) ____________________.
4. The blue one is mine. (划线提问) ____________________.
5.
6.They live in the town with their parents.(划线提问) __________________________
选择:
1.Excuse me ,can
you tell me
A.where
2.____ got the 100th gold metal in the Olympics for China ?
a.
Who
3____ are you talking about ?
-
a.
4.___ do you visit your uncle ?
- once a week.
a.How
long
5.___ milk do you need ?
- Three cups .
a. How
many
练一练:
1、
2、
3、
4、
5、
6、
7、
参考答案
1.What did they buy
yesterday? 2. What is she?
19-24
CCDDBA
31.Where does;have
32.How soon 33.When did;hurt 34.What time did;get 35.What
were;doing 36.Why didn't 37.Which;had 38.How is 39.Which girl
40.How often does come. 41. How often does he go to see his
grandma? 42. How does
V就划线部分提问答案
I go to see my grandpa every Saturday.
How
often
My father is a doctor.
What does your father do?
The school trip is on June first.
When is the school trip?
She usually goes jogging before breakfast.
When does she usually go jogging?
My favourite hobby is playing chess.
What is your favourite hobby?
There is a little fish in the fridge.
How much fish is there in the fridge?
The computer cost 4,000 yuan.
How much did the computer cost?
It’s Sunday today.
What day is today?
My father’s friend owns a big house.
Who owns a big house?
Most students do homework every day.
What do most students do?
Mr. Li works in a factory.
Where does Mr. Li work?
The bike is black.
What colour is the bike?
The black bike is mine.
Which bike is yours?
Today is January 14th.
What’s the date is today?
He lived twenty years.
How long did he live?
It is ten minutes’ walk from your home to your school.
How far is it from your home to your school?
It is two kilometers away from your home to your school.