英语代词语法专题
与词汇、听力、阅读、写作相比，语法实际是最容易学的，（你可以问问英语成绩优秀的学生）但许多同学学了许多年英语后，语法仍然是一塌糊涂。有的学生也下了很大决心想把语法学好，但在努力了相当长的时间之后还是没有明显进步，最终决定放弃。有的老师在语法上投入了很多，让学生做了很多题，也投入了大量时间来评讲，但学生的语法长进仍不大，最后“顿悟”了，说，“在语法上付出太多时间不值得。”
语法真的不重要吗？如果有人说语法不重要，那一定是违心的，因为谁都知道高考多考一分多么重要，而学好语法不仅可以提高单选的得分，又可提高阅读、改错和作文的得分，增的又何止十分八分？而切，单选题和作文上的得分一般是不会有什么变数的，而阅读题的得分还要看考场发挥地如何。说在语法上付出时间不值得，实际上是在承认自己在语法学习上或教学上是失败的。
为什么那么多人都学不好语法呢？一方面是因为现在盛行的教学理论在作怪。它把外语教学和母语与第二语言的教学混为一起，过于强调语言的“习得”，而完全忽视了传统的语法教学，导致学生的语法基础较差。另一方面，因为没有合适的语法资料。教材上的语法讲解，“千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面”，总是放不下架子，就是讲一点，其深度比考试的难度要低得多，根本靠不住。书店里的语法资料，一类是语法大家们编的，旨在解释一些语法现象，本来就不是给高中学生看的，有些知识学生看了没有用，有些知识学生根本看不懂。再一类就是一些名校编的资料，先是笼统的语法讲解，再弄点题一凑就好了。讲的多，练的少，结果是学生前学后忘，印象不深。学生平时做的语法题都过于靠高考，强调覆盖面，什么都有，一半题学生都不会做。老师就是讲，也没时间系统地讲，学生一知半解，课后，又没有针对性很强的题进行巩固，学生还是学得稀里糊涂。所以就造成了，学生题没少做，老师没少讲，学生语法还是没进步。高一时，语法单选题，学生能对半错，学到了高考，还是对半错。
这里讲的语法专题有以下特点：
一、针对性强。在编写时，用的是“归纳”法。先下载近十几年的高考真题，再按语法专题归类，然后，每个语法专题再按考点归类，归类时特别注意了学生学习过程中的难点和易混点，最后再在需要的地方加上必要的讲解，所以重难点突出，详略得当，针对性强。
二、讲练结合。对于每一个考点在简明讲解之后，都安排了适量的练习题。这些题都是精心筛选出来的。主要是从其典型性、思维容量和所含语言点是否丰富，写作是否能用，里面是否含有完形填空可能出的词等多个方面考虑，因此也有相当多的题是保留了十几年前的题而舍弃了近几年的高考题。
三、题量科学。我们发现，针对每个考点的练习量如果过大的话，效果也不好。练习量少的话，譬如两三个，我们就可以轻松自如的在脑中翻动、回味这些题，效果反而更好。因此，就忍痛删去了许多来之不易的好题。
四、重视习题排序。有的同学说，如果把相似题排列在一起的话，学生容易猜到答案，而不去思考。所以，今年再版时，开始时是把不同类型的题混在一起，但再看时，发觉做后效果反而不好了。做后印象不深、规律在脑中不清晰。然后又把题按类型排列，相近的题列在一起。再看一遍，感觉真好！。学知识同向某个空间放东西一样，有条理了就好放也好记也好找，杂乱了就不好放，用时也不容易找到。科学家对大脑的研究也表明，信息在脑中存放、排列是有规律的。
五、考点目录化。为了便于使用，本语法专题编了详细的目录，分为“章”、“讲”和“考点”三个级别。
六、讲、练、考一体化。前面第一部分是考点精讲精练，后面第二部分是单元过关测试。过关测试题基本上也都是高考题，覆盖面较大，既可以对前面所学知识进一步巩固，也可当作测试题用。
七、语法、写作同步提高。这次改编，增加了“作文专项技能提升”这个部分，基础好的学生，可以利用这部分的习题来提高自己的写作能力。
本语法专题，使学生一看就懂，一做就会，从而解决了语法学习中费时低效的问题。老师利用这本资料，可以使语法课不再空洞乏味。学生利用这本书，可以使语法学习变得有趣高效，优生利用此书来巩固自己的学科优势，待优生利用此书来实现英语上的彻底逆转。
所以本语法专题深受师生欢迎。它帮助许多学生提高了英语成绩，成为许多老师备课时必不可缺少的语法专题参考。在使用本语法专题的方法上，我的看法是，与其看好多书，前做后忘，还不如反复看一本书。“重复是记忆之母”。除了“查”和“做”之外，还有同学花费大量时间来“读”本语法专题，效果非常好。真要读熟的话，高考语法肯定没问题。更重要的是，“读”可以更有好地来提高写作能力。我以前在学习的过程中，曾把一本有关词汇记忆的单选题书读了九遍，后来摇摇头，感觉满脑子的英语句子在晃荡，要写篇好的英语文章，可以说是“出口成章”。
最后，祝愿同学学习进步！
第二章代词 1
第一部分 考点精讲精练 1
第1讲 人称代词
考点1. 代词做同位语
考点2. 用人称代词宾格代替主格的情况
第2讲
指示代词
考点1. This, that
考点2. that
指代前面提到的名词，后总是伴随着限制性的后置修饰语
第3讲 不定代词
考点1. one不可指代不可数名词
考点2. one作同位语
考点3. one, it, ( the one, the ones)的区别
考点4. each, every表示“每一”时的区别
考点5. any,
either表示“任何一个”时的区别
考点6. neither, both与
all；none，(both与all表示部分否定)
考点7. none, no one, nobody的区别
考点8. another, other, others, the other, the
others，the rest
考点9. something, everything, nothing,
anything
考点10. anyone ,
someone，和everyone 5
考点11. everyone 与every one
考点12. everybody/something等人称代词替代问题
第4讲 反身代词
第5讲 it的其它用法
考点1. it做形式主语或宾语,
代指后面的不定式或动名词或句子
考点2. 用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等
考点3. 不知性别是婴儿常用it
考点4. it 用以指身份不明的人
考点5. 强调句型
考点6. I like it
when…
考点7. I can’t help it/
can help it/ can’t help doing/can’t help but
do
考点8. make
it 的用法
写作专练1. 使用好代词，写正确优美句子
第二部分 专题过关测试 9
第三部分 写作能力提升 10
写作专练1. 使用好代词，写出正确优美句子
第二章代词
第一部分考点精讲精练
英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分九种：
人称代词 分为主格（如：I, you, he等）和宾格（如：me, you, him）。
物主代词 分为形容词物主代词（如：my， his， your，）和名词性物主代词（如：mine, his,
yours）
指示代词
常见的有四个：this这，that那, these这些, those那些
反身代词
如：myself我自己，himself他自己，themselves他们自己
疑问代词 用在特殊疑问句中。有：who, whom, whose, what, which。
如：Who is that boy? What do you
like?
不定代词 如：some一些 many许多 both两个都, everything, everybody等
关系代词 引导定语从句。如：This is the boy who won
the race.
相互代词 指each other 与 one
another，意为“互相”
连接代词 疑问代词在引导从句时，都称为连接代词，包括who, whom,
whose, what, which, whoever,
whomever, whichever, whatever，一共九个。如：
It is clear enough what she meant. 她是什么意思很清楚。（引导主语从句）
I don’t care what they think. 他们怎么想我不管。（引导宾语从句）
第1讲
人称代词
人称代词分为主格和宾格：
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们 他们
主格 I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格 me
you him
her
it
us
you
them
考点1. 代词做同位语
如果代词和名词指代相同时，常用主格或宾格作同位语，不用物主代词。
改错：Our Chinese people are friendly.
把our改为we, 因为我们本身就是中国人。
1. ___ students are tired of doing so much
homework.. We had better make it known to our teachers.
A.
Our
B.
We
C.
Us
D. Ours
2. To save class time, our teacher has ________
students do half of the exercise in class and complete the
other
half for homework.
A.
us
B.
we
C.
our
D. ours
考点2. 用人称代词宾格代替主格的情况
① 口语中作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，不用主格。
Who is it? It’s me.
② 在比较句型中，as和than后的主格可以用宾格代替。
I am taller than she/her.
He is as tall as she/her.
③ but, except作“除了…”时并且位于主语之后是，后面可以跟主格也可跟宾格。
Nobody but/except he/him knew it.
④ 人称代词单独出现时，常用宾格。
Who runs faster, you or me?
3. --- Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the
yard.
---- Why ____? John is sitting there doing nothing.
A.
him
B.
he
C.
I
D. me
4. Poor Steve! I could hardly recognize him just
now!
------_______________. He has changed so much.
A. Never mind
B. No
problem
C. Not at
all
D. Me neither
第2讲 指示代词
指示代词一般指：this, that,
these和those
考点1. This, that
this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。
I want to tell you this, the English party will be held on Saturday
afternoon.
He hurt his leg yesterday. That’s why he didn’t come
1. —He got his first book published. It turned out
to be a bestseller.
—When was _____?
—_____ was in 2000 when he was still in college.
A. that; This B. this; It C.
it; This D. that; It
2. —Could you tell me how to get to Victoria
Street?
—Victoria Street? __ is where the Grand Theatre is.
A.
Such
B.
There
C.
That
D. This
考点2. that 指代前面提到的名词，后总是伴随着限制性的后置修饰语
that可以代指可数名词也可代指不可数名词。
it和that都替代"the+单数名词（可数或不可数）"，都是特指，但it指前面提到的"同一"事物，而that是指前面提到的"同类"事物。如：
① The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work
before they can move in.
A. they B.
it C. one D.
which
② Few pleasures can equal______ of a cool drink on a hot day.
A. some B.
any C.
that
D. those
「分析」①选B, 因为指的同一事物。②选C 。that替代the
pleasure，与前面提到的同属"快乐的事"，但却是不同的事。
如果前面名词是可数名词复数时，要用those而不用that。
3. I'm moving to the countryside because the air
there is much fresher than________ in the city.
A.
ones
B.
one
C. that D.
those
4. Our furniture is much cheaper than ______ you
bought last year .
A. one B.
ones C.
that
D. those
5. The English spoken in the United States is
only slightly different from ___ spoken in England.
A. which B.
what C.
that D. the one
6. One of the most important questions they had
to consider
was
of public health. A.
what B.
this
C.
that
D. which
7. Nine in ten parents said there were significant
differences in their approach to educating their children compared
with __ of their parents.
A.
those B.
one
C.
both
D. that
8. 】Studying Wendy's menu , I found that many of
the items are similar to ______ of McDonald's .
A. those B. ones C.
any D.
all
第3讲 不定代词
没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词的词叫做不定代词，常用的不定代词如下：
all, any, another, both, each, every, either, every, few, little,
many, much, no, none, neither, one, other, some以及由 some, any, no,
very 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合词
考点1. one不可指代不可数名词
1. ——Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks
like.
——What do
you think of ______ over there?
A. the one B.
this C.
it D. that
2. Our furniture is much cheaper than ______ you
bought last year .
A. one B.
ones C.
that D. those
考点2. one作同位语
3. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an
unforgettable moment，______ I will always treasure.
A.
that
B. one C.
it
D. what
4. For Tim this was the beginning of a new life,
____ he thought he would never see.
A. what B.
that
C. one D.
it
5. ------ Can I help you?
------ I’d like to buy a gift for my mother, ____ at a proper price
but of great use.
A. that B.
one C. anyone
D. everything
考点3. one, it, ( the one, the ones)的区别
在指代时，one可以替换为：a+名词, 而it指特定的某一个，相当于the+名词
6. -Why
don't we take a little break？
-Didn't we just have ________ ？
A.
it
B.
that
C.
one
D. this
7. We have various summer camps for your holidays,
you can choose ____ based on your own
interests.
A.
either
B.
each
C.
one
D. it
8. Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils
except _______ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones C.
some D. the others
9. Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact
far more serious ____ than mobile phones
do.
A．one B．ones
C．it D．those
10. We’ve been looking at the houses but haven’t
found _________ we like yet.
A. one B．ones
C．it
D．them
11. There is still a copy of the book in the
library. Will you go and
borrow
?
—No, I’d rather
buy
in the bookstore.
A .it; one B. one; one C. one;
it D. it; it
考点4. each,
every表示“每一”时的区别
① 从数量上：each用于两个或两个以上的人或物，而every用于三个或三个以上的人或物。也就是说，只有两个时，必须用each,
三个及三个以上时，用each和every都行。）
Each/Every student has a computer.
② 从意义上：each侧重于个体，强调“每一个”, 而every侧重于整体，强调
“全部”。
Each student has a computer. 每个学生都有台电脑。
Every student has a computer. 所以的学生都有台电脑
③ 从词性上：every只能作形容词，而each可做代词和形容词和副词。
Each boy has eaten one apple. (each为形容词)
Each of them has eaten one apple. （each为代词）
They each have eaten one apple. （each为代词，作同位语）
They have eaten one apple each. （each为副词）
改错：
①There are many tall trees on every side of the road.
②Every of the students in our class has a dictionary.
改为：
①把every改为each, 因为路只有两条边，而every用于三者及三者以上。
②把Every 改为Each，或在Every后加one。
12. 【2012上海】When
he took his gloves off, I noticed
that
one had his name written inside.
A. each B.
every C.
other D.
another
考点5. any, either表示“任何一个”时的区别
① any表示“任何”的意思, 用于三者及三者以上。
Any child can do that.（定语）
You may take any of them.（宾语）
② either是“两者中任何一个”的意思，可修饰或代替单数可数名词。
如：Here are two pens. You may take either of them.（宾语）
③ 有时，either可以与each相互换。
There are many trees on either/each side of the
road.
13. 【2008全国】
—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?
—Actually I didn’t like _____.
A. both of
them B.
either of
them
C. none of
them D.
neither of them
14. 【2008上海】 Do you want tea or coffee? ____, I
really don’t mind.
A. none B.
neither C.
either D. or
15. 【2009陕西】Jane was asked a lot of questions, but
she didn’t answer_____ of them.
A. other
B．any
C．none
D．some
16. 【2010重庆】He had lost his temper and his health
in the war and never found _______ of them
again.
A.
neither
B.
either
C.
each
D. all
考点6. neither, both与
all；none，(both与all表示部分否定)
① both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用neither。如：
Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。
Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。
② all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none。如：
Not all the ants go out for food.(or: All the ants don’t go out for
food.)
并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。
None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。
③ 另外，neither是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以做形容词，修饰或代替单数可数名词，它所修饰的名词用单数形式，后面的谓语也用单数形式。如Neither
boy knows French.
17. 【1998全国】 —Can you come on Monday or Tuesday
?
—I’m afraid ____day is possible.
A. either B.
neither C.
some D.
any
18. 【2006浙江】If you can’t decide which of the two
books to borrow, why don’t you take ______? I won’t read them this
week.
A.
all
B.
any
C.
either
D. both
19. ____ of them do not drink wine. A bottle will
be enough.
A. No B.
None C.
All D. Every one
20. 【2012全国新课标】Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on
a picnic with him,
but_
of them wants to, because they have work to do.
A. either B.
any C.
neither D.
none
21. 【2012重庆】—John, when shall we meet again,
Thursday or Friday?
—___________.I’ll be off to London then.
A. Either B.
Neither C.
Both D.
None
考点7. none, no one, nobody的区别
① no one，nobody只指人，nothing 指没有什么事物，none
兼指人和物。
② 用作主语时，no one 、nobody后的谓语动词一般用单数, 按传统语法，两者之后均不能接
of
短语。none代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。None后可跟of短语。
如：No one （Nobody） knows. 谁也不知道。
No one
（Nobody） likes it. 没人喜欢它。
③ none 往往暗示有一定的范围（这种范围通常就表现在其后的 of
短语上），着眼于数量概念，"特指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有"。而 no one 或 nobody
则不暗示这种范围，即指“谁都没有。
体会下面的两组对话：
A：Did any of your friends come to see you?
你的朋友当中有谁来看过你吗?
B：None. 一个也没来。
A：Did anyone come to see you? 有人来看过你吗?
B：No one （Nobody）. 谁也没来
④ 在回答 how many 或 how much 的提问时，通常用 none，而在回答 who
的提问时，通常用 no one 或 nobody。体会：
A：How many English books have you read? 你读过多少本英文书?
B：None. 一本也没读。
A：How much money did you give her? 你给了她多少钱?
B：None. 一分也没给。
A：Who went to see the film? 谁去看电影了?
B：No one 【Nobody】. 谁也没去。
22. ------ How many elephants did you see?
------ ____.
A. None B. No one C. Nothing D.
Not many
23. –Who was in the building when the fire broke
out?
–____.
A. None B. No one C. Not any one D. Not anybody.
24. 【2008浙江】–I’d like some more cheese.
–Sorry, there’s ______ left.
A. some B.
none C. a
little D. few
25. 【2009上海】–Wow! You’ve got so many
clothes.
--But _____ of them are in fashion now.
A. all B.
both C.
neither D. none
26. 【2012江西】My brother would like to buy a good
watch
but
was available from that shop.
A．nothing B．none C．no
one D．neither
27. ------ Did you have any trouble with the
customers?
------ ____ to speak of.
A.
None
B. Neither C.
Nothing D.
No
考点8. another, other, others, the other, the
others，the rest
① “the other +名词复数” (或用the others)
表示“其余的全部……”；“other +
复数名词（或用others）泛指“其他的（别的）人或物”（并不有意强调全部）。如：
Five of the pencils are red, the others (the other pens) are
yellow.
Some are singing, and others are
dancing.（others泛指其余的，指其余的绝大部分。暗示可能有极少数既没唱歌也没跳舞。如果用the
others则只剩余的全部，表示其余的无一例外都在跳舞。）
some…, some…, some…, others…，意为“一些……一些……一些”。
② the other 强调剩下的这一个，此时只有一个；常出现在one…the other中,
用于两者之间。如：He got two books; one is a textbook, the other is a
novel.
也可用于其它表示“只剩下这一个”的情况。如：There were three boys in the classroom. One
is Tom, another is John, and the other is Ken.
another修饰或代替单数可数名词，用于“三个或三个以上”，指代剩下的两个或两个以上中的一个。
This coat is too dark. Please show me
another.（宾语，外衣总数为为三件及三件以上。除去这个外衣之外，剩下的起码有两件；如果只剩一件的话，就要用the
other。）
one … another/a second… a third…the
other…常用语列举，意为“一个……一个……一个……一个”用于三者或三者以上的排列。
③ another还可表示“再，又”。（参看： P错误！未定义书签。 many more +
名词，much more + 名词，与another）
④ the rest既可代替可数名词，也可代替不可数名词, 而another, other,
others, the other(s)只能代替可数名词。
⑤ else只能放在复合不定代词或者疑问词后。如：
Did you see anybody else? 你还看见别的人吗？
Who else was at the party? 聚会上还有谁
⑥ each other, one another(相互), 按传统语法，each other
指两者；而 one another 指三者或三者以上。但在现代英语中，两者常可互换。如：
You should help each other [one another].
你们应该互相帮助。
We know each other’s [one another’s] weak points.
我们都彼此了解对方的缺点。
⑦ one after another(一个接一个), 如：I'm not surprised
he's feeling ill - he was eating one ice-cream after another!
⑧ “any other ＋单数名词”(别的 / 其他的任何一个)
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
⑨ one way or another 以某种方式；无论如何。Everyone at the
party was related ( in ) one way or another. These bills have to be
paid one way or another.
28. 【2011陕西】-Would
you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear?
- ____ one?
A. Other B.
Every C.
Another D. More
29. 【2000全国】If you want to change for a double
room you’ll have to pay_____$ 15.
A.
another
B.
other
C.
more
D. each
30. 【2010安徽】You are the team star! Working with
________is really your cup of tea.
A. both B. either C.
others D. the other
31. 【2009重庆】Over the past 20 years, the Internet
helped change our world in _____way or another for the
better.
A. any B.
one C.
every D.
either
32. 【2010全国1】I'll spend half of my holiday
practicing English and ________ half learning drawing.
A. another B. the other C.
other’s D. other.
33. 【2005上海】No progress was made in the trade talk
as neither side would accept the conditions of___.
A. others B.
the other C. either D. another
34. I have done much of the work. Could you please
finish ________ in two days?
A. the rest B. the other C.
another D. the others
考点9. something, everything, nothing,
anything
① something意为“重要的人物”, 相当于 somebody。
She thinks she’s something since she won the beauty contest.
选美比赛得了奖，她就自以为了不起了。
She acts as if she were something since she won the prize.
自从获奖以来她就表现得自命不凡了。
联系：He thinks he is somebody but he is nobody.
他自以为了不起，实际他一文不名。
② something还可表示“重要的事物”。
These paintings were really something.
这些画确实出色。
I think you may have something there.
我认为在那方面你可能是有道理的。
③ something of a（an）+n表示“可以说是一个……”的意思。
Dr. James is a scholar and something of a philosopher.
詹姆斯博士是个学者，也可以说是个不错的哲学家。
联系: He isn’t much of a cook
35. 【2008山东】Make sure you’ve got the passports and
tickets and _____ before you leave.
A.
something
B. anything
C.
everything
D. nothing
36. 【2007 重庆】Jim sold most of his things. He has
hardly _______ left in the house.
A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something
37. ____ of us can do everything, but all of us
can do ____.
A. None, something B. Some,
everything
C. Few,
something D.
Few, nothing
38. 【2011湖南】I know that _____
would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a
director.
A.
something
B. anything
C.
everything
D. nothing
39. 【2011四川】There is _____ in his words. We should
have a try.
A.
something
B. anything
C.
nothing
D. everything
考点10. anyone , someone，和everyone
40. 【2005全国1】We haven’t enough books
for ___; some of you will have to share .
A．somebody B．anybody
C．everybody D．nobody
41. 【2005湖北】First , it is important to recognize
what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you
different from _____.
A. everyone else B．the
other
C．someone
else D．the
rest
42. 【2005安徽】I don’t think we’ve met before. You’re
taking me for ______.
A. some
other
B. someone
else
C. other
person
D. one other
43. 【2007上海】The mayor has offered a reward of $
5000 to ___ who can capture the tiger alive or
dead. A. both
B. others C. anyone
考点11. everyone 与every one
everyone是一个词，只用来指人，等于 everybody，在它后面不能跟介词of； every
one是两个词，既可用来指人，也可用来指物，等于each one，后面可跟介词of。请看以下例句：
① Everyone of the children likes this
game.（误）
每个孩子都喜欢这个游戏。
Every one of the children likes this game.（正）
② Everyone/Everybody in our class is interested in
learning English.
我们班上每个人都爱学英语。（Everyone用作主语）
③ Not everyone(everybody) in the USA is
rich.在美国并不是人人都富裕。(everyone用作主语)
【链接】everyday日常的，every day每天
He recites everyday English every day.
他每天被日常英语。
44. _____ likes being praised. _____ of them
especially likes being praised.
A. Everyone, Every one B. Every one,
Everyone
C. Everyone, Everyone D. Every one, Every
one
考点12. everybody/something等人称代词替代问题
anyone/ anybody/somebody/everybody
① 指个体时，谓语动词用单数： Has anyone a dictionary he can
lend me?
. Everyone in our class goes in for sports.
② 指“全部、无一例外”时，anyone/anybody在附加问句中，则其主语用复数代词表示此意：Anybody
can enter for the race, can’t they?
Everyone in our class goes in for sports, don’t they?
③ 在口语中，特别是对话中，为避免明确指出所指对象的性别，
Everybody was wearing their shorts.
I told everyone to run as fast as they can.
something, everything 谓语动词用单数 （包括在反意问句的陈述和疑问部分中）：
Everything has gone wrong today, hasn’t it
?
第4讲 反身代词
反身代词指：myself,
yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves,
themselves
表示单数的反身代词以self结尾；表示复数的反身代词以selves结尾；
第一人称和第二人称前面用的是物主代词；第三人称前面用的是代词宾格。
反身代词有两种用法：反射，强调
①反射：
反身代词指代主语，与指代的名词或代词形成互指关系。反身代词和人称代词作宾语时具有不同的含义。如：
He saw himself in the mirror.
他在镜子里看见了他自己。（himself ,he 为同一人）
He saw him in the mirror.
他在镜子里看见了他。（him 显然指另外一人）
因此当宾语和主语指代同一人时，要用反身代词，不能用人称代词。
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.
我们昨晚玩得很开心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 请你随便吃点鱼。
I could not dress (myself) up at that time.
那个时候我不能打扮我自己。
She seated herself by the window.
她拣了窗边的一个座位坐下来。
I like to travel by myself.
I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
She was beside herself with grief.
她悲伤过度，神经失常了。
Behave yourself, children.孩子们，规矩点。
The girl fell off her bike and hurt herself.
女孩从自行车上摔下来，受了伤。
②强调：常做同位语
I myself heard him say so yesterday.
我昨天亲自听他这么说的。
She did it herself．（=She herself did it．）
她自己做的。
The story itself is not interesting.
故事本身并不令人感到有趣
1. 【2010上海】If our parents do everything for us
children, we won't learn to depend on
_________.
A. themselves B.
them C.
us D.
ourselves
2. 【2006福建】.---Who called me this morning when I
was not in?
----A man calling ______
Robert.
A.
his
B. himself C
.his D.不填
3. 【2007上海春】Treat
to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day.
A．one
B．oneself C．you D．yourself
4. 【2008江西】Isn’t it amazing how the human body
heals ____ after an injury?
A. himself B.
him C.
itself D. it
5. 【2008湖南】 Our neighbors gave _____ a baby bird
yesterday that hurt ______ when it fell from its nest.
A. us,
it
B. us,
itself
C. ourselves,
itself
D. ourselves, it
6. 【2011安徽】Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hair
reached below her knees and made_____ almost an overcoat for
her.
A. them B. her C.
itself D. herself
第5讲 it的其它用法
考点1. it做形式主语或宾语,
代指后面的不定式或动名词或句子
1. 【2010全国2】The doctor thought ________ would be
good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B.
that C.
one
D. it
2. Why don’t you bring ____ to his attention that
now students are bearing too heavy learning load?
A.
it
B.
this
C.
that
D. what
3. You may depend on _______ that he will turn up
in time.
A.
it
B. me C.
which
D. them
4. 【2011山东】The two girls are so alike that
strangers find ___ difficult to tell one from the other.
A.
it
B.
them
C.
her
D. that
5. 【2011天津】We feel ______ our duty to make our
country a better place.
A. it B. this
C. that D. one
6. — I don’t know whether I should go abroad or
not, Mum.
— I leave _______ to your own judgment whether you should do
it.
A.
that
B. it C.
this
D. what
7. 【2007全国II】___ felt funny watching myself on
TV.
A. One B.
This C.
It D.
That
8. 【2012 陕西】No matter where he is, he makes _____a
rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
A. him B this
C. that D. it
9. Will you see to ____ that the luggage is
brought back?
A. me B.
yourself
C.
it
D. them
考点2. 用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等
① It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school．(指距离)
② It‘s nice and warm here．（指天气、气候）
③ But it's two o'clock now, and it's time for us to go to
school．（指时间）
10. They live on a busy main road. ____ must be
very noisy.
A. There B.
It C.
That D.
They
考点3. 不知性别是婴儿常用it
11. Mary is expecting another baby and hopes ____
will be a boy.
A. he B.
that C.
it
D. there
考点4. it 用以指身份不明的人
it用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，则不宜用it。试比较：
① Mr. Smith is at the door. ___ wants to see you.
② Someone is at the door. ___ must be Mr. Smith.
A. He B.
It C.
This
D. That
答案：①He ②B
12. ------ Who’s that?
------ ____ Professor Li.
A. Its B.
It’s C.
He’s D.
This’s
13. ------ Who knocked on the door?
-----I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t
ask who _______ was.
A.
he
B. that C.
she
D. it
考点5. 强调句型
14. ------ Who is making so much noise in the
garden?
------ ____ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is
D. There are
15. Who was ____ that called him “comrade”?
A. her B.
that C.
it
D. one
考点6. I like it when…
在通常情况下，like是及物动词，其后应有宾语（句中 it 即为其宾语）。句中的when从句不是宾语从句，而是时间状语从句，其中的
when 的意思是“当……的时候”。其实，也有的词典将I don’t like it when （if） …
作为一个句型来处理。
能这样用的动词不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer,
appreciate等表示喜好的动词。
She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike.
他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
16. --Have you got used to your school life
here?
--Yes, but I don’t like __ when we have to do exercises on cold
winter morning
A. that B. it C.
those D. this
17. I dislike _______ when others laugh at me in
public or think poorly of me behind.
A.
that
B. those C.
it
D. them
18. I’d prefer ___ if I didn’t have to get up
early on Sundays.
A.
that
B. such C.
it D.
which
19. 【1998全国】I hate ___ when people talk with their
mouths full.
A.
this
B. that C.
it
D. you
20. 【2006山东】I’d appreciate ____ if you would like
to teach me how to use the computer.
A.
that
B.
it
C.
this
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