APAP

英语必修一

Unit 1-Unit 5 

 

必考词汇及句型学习

 

 

 

高考制胜16字诀

上品学生

远大目标

坚定计划

保证行动

 

英语必修1 Unit1

Friendship
必考词汇及句型学习

必须反复抄写理解、要会模仿造句的句子

   ①It's because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that  I've grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.

  ②It is believed that you can pass the entrance examinations.

 

 

  他非常迷恋足球。

He is crazy about football.

 

  他对于网络游戏如此醉心以至于高考考试失败。

 He is so crazy about computer games that he failed the college entrance examinations.

 

       易错句型辨析,下面的两组句子其中一组是典型错句。请分析，对错的原因。

I haven't left there for so long.

They haven't got there for two hours. (right)

 

I have left there for so long.

They have married for two years. (wrong)

 

 

 

1. survey n. 调查；测验

     After the accident broke out, in our school we made a survey among  3, 000 students on whether every Senior Three student should take the college entrance examinations.
2. add up 合计

3. upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的； vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦

The children upset the meeting by chanting and shouting.孩子们以唱歌和喊叫搅乱了会议。

The bad news that he failed in the exam upset me.那则坏消息使我心烦意乱。

an upset stomach消化不良的胃

upset parents心烦意乱的父母

an upset room零乱的房间
upset price(拍卖时)开拍价格

4. ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视

• He completely ignored all these facts as though they never existed.他完全无视这一切, 好象它们根本不存在似的。
• She saw him coming but she ignored him.她看见他走过, 但装做没看到他。
• He utterly disregarded my warnings and met with an accident.他全然不听我的警告, 结果出了事故。
•      in disregard of  不顾, 无视
  5. calm vt. & vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定；adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的
  6. calm(…)down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来
  7. have got to 不得不；必须
  8. concern vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到； n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系
  9. be concerned about 关心；挂念
• That doesn't concern me.那与我无关。
• This concerns them deeply.这事对他们关系很大。
• Please don't let my illness concern you.请你不要担心我的疾病。
• We are all concerned for [about] her safety.我们大家都担心着她的安全。
• have concern about the matter
  关心此事
• express [show] deep concern for sb.表示对某人十分关心
• have concern over a friend's illness 忧虑友人的病情
• 其他习惯用语
• as concerns关于
  as far as... be concerned关于； 至于； 就...而言
  so far as... be concerned关于； 至于； 就...而言
  be concerned about关心
  be concerned over sth.为某事忧虑
  be concerned at sth.为某事忧虑
  be concerned in sth.和某事有牵连
  be concerned with涉到，与...有关，参与
  everyday concerns日常事务
  feel concern about忧虑， 挂念
  give oneself no concern (about)不关切， 对...冷淡
  have no concern for毫不关心
  have no concern with和...毫无关系
  it is no concern of mine.这不关我［你］的事。
  it is no concern of yours.这不关我［你］的事
  with concern关切地
  concern oneself about  sth.忙于；从事；关心，关切
  concern oneself in sth.忙于； 从事； 关心， 关切
  concern oneself with sth.忙于； 从事； 关心，关切
• 
  10. walk the dog 遛狗
  11. loose adj. 松的；松开的.loose-minded  adj.思想散漫的;
        loose-packed  adj. 散装的;loose-tongued  adj.嘴松的, 言语随便的, 信口开河的
  12. △vet n. 兽医
  13. go through 经历；经受
  14. △Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）
  15. Netherlands n. 荷兰（西欧国家）
  16. △Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的
  17. German adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的； n．德国人；德语
  18. △Nazi n. 纳粹党人； adj. 纳粹党的
  19. set down 记下；放下；登记
  20. series n. 连续；系列
  21. a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套.in series续, 逐次
       按顺序排列的
  22. △Kitty n. 基蒂（女名）
  23. outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外
  24. △ spellbind vt. (spellbound, spellbound)迷住；迷惑

Many people are spellbound by football.许多人为足球而着迷。

      The children were captivated /attracted by his  story.孩子们听他的故事听得入了迷。

He was captivated/attracted by her beauty.她的美貌使他神魂颠倒

 

25. on purpose 故意

       beside the purpose不适当地, 不适宜地
      bring about [attain, accomplish, carry] one's purpose
达到目的
cross purposes  误解; 观点分岐; 志趣不同
for (all) practical purposes事实上; 实际上
for most purposes 对大多数(实用)场合来说, 在很多(实际)场合
for our present purposes 对目前实际应用来说, 目前

for (the) purpose of为的是; 为了....起见; 为了...的目

26. in order to 为了……
27. dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚.

      from dawn to dusk从黎明到黄昏

      She was invisible in the dusk of the room.她在昏暗的房间里别人看不到她。
28. at dusk 在黄昏时刻
29. thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣； n．雷；雷声
30. entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的
31. entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地
32. power n. 能力；力量；权力
33. face to face 面对面地
34. curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布
35. dusty adj. 积满灰尘的;无聊的, 干巴巴的;含糊的; 不明朗的;     无价值的

      What a dusty  answer!多不明确的回答啊!
36. no longer/not…any longer 不再……
37. partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人
38. settle vi. 安家；定居；停留； vt. 使定居；安排；解决
39. suffer vt. & vi. 遭受；忍受；经历
40. suffer from 遭受；患病
41. △loneliness n. 孤单；寂寞
42. highway n. 公路；大路
43. recover vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得;补偿：弥补；补 偿;复原：使自己恢复到正常的状态

    He recovered himself after a slip on the ice.在冰上滑了一下后他马上又站稳了

    She recovered her losses.她挽回了她的损失

   recover one's reputation恢复名誉
   recover the lost umbrella找回丢失的雨伞
   recover the time wasted弥补浪费的时间
   recover the damages得到赔偿

44. get/be tired of 对……厌烦
45. pack vi. & vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李；  n. 小包；包裹； 

       【习惯用语】pack it in =To cease work or activity:
停止：停止工作或活动：
Let's pack it in for the day.今天就到着吧
 

       pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包
46. suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱
47. △Margot n. 玛戈（女名）
48. Overcoat n. 大衣；外套
49. teenager n. 十几岁的青少年
50. get along with 与……相处；进展
51. △gossip vi. & n. 闲话；闲谈
52. fall in love 相爱；爱上
53. exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地
54. disagree vi. 不同意。

        【习惯用语】disagree with与...不相称；与...意见不同；对...不相宜, 对...有害
55. grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的。

     【习惯用语】

be grateful to sb. for感谢某人

 =You should be thankful to him for it.为此你应该感激他。

=I appreciate your kindness.多谢厚意。

=I am appreciative of her kindness.我感激她的厚意。

56. dislike n. & vt. 不喜欢；厌恶。

 【习惯用语】

    have a dislike for/to/of厌恶, 不喜欢

    take a dislike to讨恶, 不喜欢

57. join in 参加；加入
58. tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费；  vt. 倾斜；翻倒
59. △secondly adv. 第二；其次
60. swap vt. 交换(swapped; swapping)交换(通常指同类事物的交换, 所以后接复数名词).

     swap ... for以...换

61. item n. 项目；条款

 

 

            ANNE’S BEST FRIEND

                    安妮最好的朋友

   Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.
    你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友？或者你会不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮?弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记视为自己最好的朋友。
       Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so she had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.  She and her family hid away for two years before they were discovered她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.

 

• live in
• Her family was Jewish.
• they would be caught by
• German----Germans
• call my friend Kitty
•  after being in the hiding place since July 1942.== after she had been in the hiding place since July 1942.

 

 

   在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被德国的纳粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了25个月之后才被发现。在那段时期，她的日记成了她唯一忠实的朋友。她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我的日记当作自己的朋友，我把我的这个朋友叫做基蒂。”现在，来看看安妮自1942年7月起躲进藏身处后的那种心情吧。

 

Thursday 15, June, 1944
Dear kitty,
     I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here.
   For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face…
    Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.

Yours,
Anne

亲爱的基蒂：
    我不知道这是不是因为我太久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里之后，这一切都变了。
    比如说，有一天晚上天气很暖和，我故意熬到晚上11点半都不睡觉，为的就是能独自好好地看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我都不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的，我一直呆到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的雨夜，刮着大风，电闪雷鸣，乌云滚滚，我完全被这种景象镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹的夜晚……
    不幸的是……我只能透过那满是灰尘的窗帘下那脏兮兮的窗户看看大自然。只能隔着窗户看那大自然实在没意思，因为大自然是需要真正体验的东西。
你的安妮 

 

P.6

 

Reading and listening   读与听
   1) Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss Wang will say. After listening, check and discuss her advice.

Dear Miss Wang,
   I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I'm getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don't want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping. What should I do?

 

Yours,
Lisa

 1  读读琳达为青少年写给电台王小组的这封信，然后王小姐可能会怎么说。听完录音之后，核对并讨论她的建议。
亲爱的王小姐：
现在我同班上的同学有些麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男同学一直相处的很好。我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐意互相帮助。我们成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同学却在背后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是，我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。我该怎么办呢？

 

P.7

   Reading and writing  
    Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong. He is also asking for some advice. Read the letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it.
王小姐收到小冬的一封来信。小冬是要征求一些意见。仔细阅读右边的信，然后帮王小姐回复。
Dear Miss Wang,
    I’m a student from Huzhou Senior High School. I have a problem. I'm not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them. So I feel quite lonely sometimes. I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.

 

Yours,
Xiaodong

亲爱的王小姐：
   我是湖州高中的一名学生，我有一个难题，我不大善于与人们交际。虽然我试着和班上的同学交谈，但是，我还是很难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分的孤独。我确实想改变这种现状，但是我却不知道怎么办。如果您能给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。

 

2  Decide which are the best ideas and put them into an order. Then write down your advice and explain how it will help. Each idea can make one paragraph. The following sample and the expressions may help you.

Dear Xiaodong,
    I'm sorry you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you follow my advice. Here are some tips to help you.

First, why not…?
If you do this,…
Secondly, you could / can …
Then / That way, …
Thirdly, it would be a good idea if …
By doing this, …
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours
Miss Wang
 2  决定哪些是最好并把它们按顺序组织起来。然后把你的建议写出来，并解释它为什么会有所帮助。每个想法可以自成一个段落。下面的例子和表达可能对你有所帮助。
亲爱的小冬：
很遗憾听说你在交朋友的过程中遇到了困难。但是，如果你听听我的建议，这种情况是很容易改变的。这些建议会对你有所帮助。
第一，为什么不……呢？
如果你这样做……
第二，你可以……
这样的话……
第三，如果……那将是个不错的主意。
通过做……
我希望你会发现这些想法对你有所帮助。

 LEARNING TIP 学习建议
       It's a good habit for you to keep a diary.  It can help you remember past events. You can express your feelings and thoughts in it. It will help you improve your English if you write your diary in English. Why not have a try?
  写日记对你来说是一个好习惯。它可以帮你记住一些过去发生的事件。你还可以在日记中表达你的情感和思想。如果你用英语写日记的话，还可以帮助你提高英语水平。为什么不试一试呢？

 

 

P44.

Reading Task   Friendship in Harwaii

 

       Every culture has its own ways to show friendship. On the islands of Hawaii, friendship is part of the "aloha spirit".  In the language of the Hawaiians who first settled the islands long ago, aloha had a very special meaning. That is "to be with happiness".
         Hawaiians believe that once somebody loves the land, they are ready to love their people or community. This is the second most important sign of friendship. It is called lokahi in the Hawaiian language, which means "oneness with all people". To enjoy the land you should not be selfish. The land is for everyone who lives on it. Today many different peoples call Hawaii their home. Indeed, Hawaii is a place where people make one big community from many smaller communities. Each person gives kokua (help) to other people so that all feel stronger. It is believed that the islands can be a paradise when people live in peace. People are told that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea. When problems happen, people are asked to solve them with understanding. So when the people of Hawaii talk about ohana (family), they are really talking about all those who live on the islands.
          Living in peace, Hawaiians have developed a third sign of friendship. This personal friendship is shown by giving leis to one another. The lei, a string of flowers, is put over a friend's neck. Then the friend is given a kiss on the cheek. Visitors to the islands are also given leis. When they hear aloha, visitors begin to feel at home. Aloha also means "goodbye", so visitors will hear it again when they leave. It can also mean "our hearts singing together". Perhaps this is how most visitors will remember their new friendship.

 

      基础摸底语法填空                      姓名___________

                               Friendship in Harwaii

      As is known, every culture has  1       own ways to show friendship. On the islands of Hawaii, friendship is part of the "aloha spirit".  2______the language of the Hawaiians who first settled 3______ islands long ago, aloha had a very special meaning. That is "to be with happiness". 
     Hawaiians believe that 4______ somebody loves the land, they are ready to love 5______ people or community. This is the second most important sign of friendship. It is called lokahi in the Hawaiian language, which means "oneness with all people". 6______(enjoy)the land you should not be selfish. The land is for everyone who lives on it. Today many different peoples call Hawaii their home. Indeed, Hawaii is a place where people make one big community 7______ many smaller communities. Each person gives kokua (help) to other people so that all feel 8______ (strong). It is believed that the islands can be a paradise 9______ people live in peace. People 10______ (tell) that their actions should be as gentle as the wind that blows from the sea. When problems happen, people are asked to solve 11______ with understanding. 12______, when the people of Hawaii talk about ohana (family), they are really talking about all those who live on the islands. 
     Living in peace, Hawaiians have developed 13_____ third sign of friendship. This personal friendship 14_____(show) by giving leis to one another. The lei, a string of flowers,  is put over a friend's neck. Then the friend is given a kiss on the cheek. Visitors to the islands are also given leis. When 15_____ hear aloha, visitors begin to feel at home. Aloha also means "goodbye", 16_____ visitors will hear it again when they leave. It can also mean "our hearts singing together". Perhaps this is 17_____ most visitors will remember their new friendship.

 

 

1.its   2.In  3. the  4. once  5. their 6. To enjoy 7. from 8. stronger 9. when 10. are told 11. them 12. Therefore 13.a 14. is shown 15. they 16. so 16 .17. how

 

 

 

核心单词
1. add   vt.& vi. 增加；加；加起来；补充说； 又说
常用结构：
add to增添；增加；增进
add ...to ...把……增添到……
add up合计，相加
add up to总数为；总计为
He added some wood to increase the fire.他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。
If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.四加三得七。

2. upset
adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
vt. ( upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻；打乱
联想拓展
be upset by...被…… 打乱
upset oneself about sth.为某事烦恼
Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.
她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。
Don’t upset yourself — no harm has been done.
不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。
He was horribly upset over her illness.
他为她的病而忧心忡忡。
The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。

用upset的适当形式填空（原创）
①The food             my stomach.
②She felt rather             on hearing the news.
③Is it an             message?
④Don’t be              . It will be OK.
①upset  ②upset ③upsetting ④upset
3. ignore
vt. 不理睬；忽视
I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely.
我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。
He ignored the speed limit and drove very fast.
他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。

拓展
ignorant adj. (对某事物）不了解的；无知的；无学识的
be ignorant of/about sth.不知道；没有意识到
ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道
be in ignorance of/about sth. 不知道某事

 

辨析
ignore/neglect/overlook

 ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。
neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。
overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。

活学活用
（1）用ignore/neglect/overlook的适当形式填空 （原创）
①We could not afford to            such a serious offence.
②He utterly             my warnings and met with an accident.
③Don't            to pay him a visit now and then.
(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect

（2）完型填空
—So you didn't say hello to him last night?
—Well, I stopped and smiled when I saw him, but he        me and walked on. （2012?杭州一模）
 A. Ignored    B. refused   

 C.  denied   D.  missed
(2)解析：选A。答句句意为：我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是他没理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽视；refuse拒绝；deny否认，拒绝给予；miss怀念，错过。
4. concern
n. ［U］关心，担心，担忧；［C］有利害关系的事 
vt. 涉及，关系到，参与；使担心
联想拓展
concerning   prep.  关于
concerned   adj.有关的；担心的
concern sb.与某人有关
be concerned with sth.牵涉，与……有关；参与
concern oneself with 关心
be concerned about/for/over sth.担心；关心某事
as/so far as ... be concerned关于；至于；就……而言
As far as I am concerned, you can go wherever you want.就我而言，你什么时候走都行。
We read stories concerning visitors from outer space.
我们读了关于天外来客的故事。
I was very concerned about my mother’s illness.
我很担心母亲的病情。
高手过招
（1）单项填空
   The meeting was concerned          reforms and everyone present was concerned           their own interests.
 （2010?福建厦门双十中学检测）
A. with; for  B. for; which  C. for; about   D. about; with
（2）用concern的适当形式填空（原创）
①There is an article that           the rise of the prices.
②The children are rather         about their mother’s health.
③Officials should           themselves           public affairs.
 (1)解析：选A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with  牵涉到,和……有关；be concerned for/about   担心；关心。
(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern；with
5. settle
vi. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居；安排；解决
Both wanted to settle their scores.双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。
常用结构：
settle down 镇定下来
settle in 在……定居
He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.
他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。
The family has settled in Canada.
这家人已定居加拿大。

 

                                   完型填空
①—Do you know anyone in Paris?
    —No. I’ll make friends once I           （settle）.（2010?福建厦门六中检测）
A. am settled                        B.  have settled
C. will be settled                 D. am settling

 

①解析：选A。settle作“安家”讲时，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本题是由once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。

                                语法填空
②The brake of your bicycle has come loose. You’d better        it .（2012?陕西西安交大附中）
    A. settle      B. fix     C. pick        D. correct

②解析：选B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要“修理”。
6. suffer
vt. 遭受；忍受；蒙受
vi.后接from/for意为“受……之苦”，“患……疾病”
常用结构：
suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦
He suffered hard pains from the accident.他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。
Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗?
She’s suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。

拓展
sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者
suffering n.痛苦，苦难

完型填空

（1）
   In the countryside there are many dropouts (辍学者). I think the difficulty                  the poor economic conditions.（2010?浙江嘉兴一轮检测）
A. lies in                                        B. result in
C. leads to                                    D. suffers from

重点短语

7. go through
经历；经受；检查；浏览；用完；做完
The country has gone through too many wars.
这个国家经历了太多的战争。
She’s gone through a bad patch recently.
她最近经历了一段困难时期。
Have you gone through all your money already?
你把所有的钱都花完了吗？
I went through the students’ papers last night.
昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。
联想拓展
go after追求；追赶 
go ahead 前进；请说（做）吧
go by走过；（时间）过去
go along with向前；（与......)一起去
go in for爱好；从事
go out 外出；（灯，火）熄灭
go over 越过；复习
go through with 做完；完成
go up 爬上；（价格等）上升
高手过招
单项填空
①We’d better try to          with the experiment, I think. Now let’s            with it.（2010?河南许昌一模）
A. go through; go on                   B. go on;  go over
C. go over; go through                D. go on;  go through
②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person         .（2010?平顶山一中月考）
A. go up                                         B. rise up
C. throw up                                    D. set up
①解析：选A。go through with sth.意思是“做完，完成”；go on with 意思是“继续”。
②解析：选C。throw up的意思是“呕吐；吐出”。
8. get sth.done
让别人做某事/使得某事被做
done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与have sth. done句型的用法一样。
get sb./sth.  doing使某人/某事物……起来
get sb. to do sth.使/让某人做某事
get  done  （状态的改变）get作系动词，相当于be
get away逃脱；离开
get back回来；取回
get by维持生活；通过
get down to sth./doing sth.开始认真做某事
get in进站；到达；收集
get off下来；下车
get on上车；进展；进步
get cross(对……)生气，发脾气
get in one’s way挡路，妨碍
get used to doing sth.习惯做某事
get involved in涉及
get in touch with和……取得联系
get it了解，懂得，明白

 

 

高手过招
（1）完型填空
The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to             our studies. 

     A. get down to                             B. get out
     C. get back for                             D. get over

 

    (1)解析：选A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选A。

 

get down to开始认真考虑，符合题意。

get out出去，离开，逃脱，泄露；

get back for回来，恢复；get over爬过；克服，熬过；恢复，原谅。故B、C、D三项均不符合题意。

2）语法填空（原创）
①讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。
    Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us             (think) .
②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。
We will get a new suit            （make) for you.
③她试图使他说话。
She tried to get him              (talk) .
(2)①thinking ②made  ③to talk
9. set down放下；记下；登记
Passengers may be set down and picked up only at the official stops.乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。

    拓展
set about (doing sth.) 着手（做某事）
set out (to do sth.)开始，着手(做某事)
set aside留出；不顾
set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟
set free释放；解放
set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸
set out动身，出发；安排，组织
set up开办；建立；设立
set an example to树立榜样
set fire to ...= set ... on fire纵火烧
be set in以……为背景

The bad weather set back the building programme by several weeks.
由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。
We need to set about finding a solution.
我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。
               提示
set about 和set out都可作“开始/着手做某事”讲，但set about 后加doing sth.，

而set out后加 to do sth.。

单项填空
  As soon as he got to the office, he       the students’ papers.
（2012?山东济南一中月考）
A. got down to correct
B. got down to correcting
解析：选B。get down to意思是“着手做某事”，其中to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。

10. on purpose故意
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.
那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。
      拓展
purpose n. 目的，用途；目标；重要意义
for the purpose of 为了……
to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳
The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university.
这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。
 

用purpose的适当形式或短语填空（原创）
①He didn’t do it ____ .
②What was your ____ ?

①on purpose ②purpose
11. join in
    参加；加入
They didn’t have enough time to join in the activity.他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。
       拓展
join sb. in sth.与某人一起做某事
join up入伍；参军
join up with sb.与某人联合；会合
join hands with sb.与某人拉起手来；合伙；联合
Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗？
Let us join hands in friendship.
让我们携手共建友谊吧。

               辨析
join in/join/take part in/attend
join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。
join ①参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;②来和某人待在一起。
take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。
attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于be present。
  

 

用join/join in/take part in/attend的适当形式填空（原创）
①I decided to  ____ the club to have dance training.
②Would you like me to  ____ the game?
③I  ____ a meeting last month.
④I will have to  __ his funeral next week.

①join ②join in ③attended ④attend

                                  重点句型
12. ...but your friend can’t go until he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle.
……但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。
not ... until 意为“直到……才”，表示主句谓语的动作直到until状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式；如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。
“It is/was not until+被强调的部分+that ...”相当于==

“Not until ... did (does, do, is ...)+主语 ...”意为“直到……才”，是强调形式。
You must stay in bed until your temperature is normal.体温正常后，你才能起床。
He didn’t leave until the meeting was over.直到会议结束他才离开。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star.
=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star.
=I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。
高手过招
单项填空
①Not until____,  ____ settle the problem.

A. he returns; can we              B. he returns; we can 
C. does he returns; we can    D. does he return; we can

①解析：选A。当not until位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。

②It was____ back home after the experiment.
A. not until midnight did he go
B. until midnight that he didn’t go
C. not until midnight that he went
D. until midnight when he didn’t go
②解析：选C。强调句型It is/was ...that对not until ...进行强调时，需把not until ...放到强调结构中，故选C。

 

强调句系统复习

13. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。

while walking the dog是连词while加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于while you were walking the dog。
     在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有系动词be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。
 When crossing the street, you should be careful.过马路时，你应当小心。
If heated, water can be turned into vapour.如果受热，水会变成蒸气。

温馨提示
     在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为it时，也可以将it和助动词be省略。
Whenever possible they would stop him and ask the three questions.可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。

语法填空

①When           (compare)with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2012?山东莱州检测）
  A. compares        B.  comparing
  C. comparing      D.  compared

①解析：选D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者从句主语为it时，可以将从句中的主语或者it和助动词be省略。本句是将状语从句“When it is compared with the size of the whole earth”中的it is省略，因此正确答案为D。

②  When                (compare)the two systems, little man found the latter advantageous.(原创)
  A. compare                       B.  compared
  C. compared                     D.  comparing
    ②解析：选D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的little man与compare之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。
14. I wonder if it's because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
      此句中的it’s ...that是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点：
（1）强调句型的基本结构：
“It is/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为sb.作宾语时，可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。

   It's because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
（2）特殊句式中的强调句型：
①如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底”、“究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：
“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分”，that/who后只能使用陈述语序。
②在“not ...until”结构中，由until所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+not until ...+that+该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。
（3）强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。
It was three o’clock when I got home.我到家的时候三点。
It was at three o’clock that I got home.三点钟我到的家。
It was in his town that he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。（强调句）
It was this town where/in which he was brought up.这是他被抚养长大的城镇。（定语从句）

（4）英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。
He did go to the airport yesterday, but he didn’t find you.
他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。
It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary.
是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。
When is it that we will have a meeting?我们什么时候开会？

单项填空
It is in that poor village,            Mary lived and worked 15 years ago,              she will build her first school, which inspires everyone to help her.（原创）
A. where; when                    B. that; that
C. that; when                        D. where; that
解析：选D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了15年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为where引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。
15. I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do ...
我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……
as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做”。
as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：
①引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性；
②引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使”（从句需倒装）；
③引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”；
④引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，意为“由于，因为”；
⑤引导比较状语从句。
As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.
随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。
Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.
尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。
Why didn't you take the medicine as I told you to?
为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药？
As you were not there, I left a message.
因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。
She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。
高手过招
单项填空
①            as he is, he speaks English well.

A. Little child                         B. A little child
C. The little child                   D. Child little
②In some countries,                  are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.（2010?11?江西新余一中质量检测）
A. which      B. as        C. what          D. that
①解析：选B。 在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。
②解析：选C。考查what引导的主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。句意为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。
16. ...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face ...
……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……
如果前面是“it (will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that ...”句式，表示“某人第几次做某事”。其中,that引导的是定语从句，后面句子的时态用现在完成时；如果前面是it (would be)was ..., 后面则用过去完成时。
It is the first time that I have come to Zhuhai.
这是我第一次来珠海。
It was the second time that she had visited London.
那是她第二次游览伦敦。
温馨提示
如果time前有last修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。
注意：the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句；for the first time意为“第一次”单独用作状语。
This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.
这是我最后一次给你们上课了。
高手过招
(1)单项填空
①It's the third time            late this week. （原创）
A. that you are              B. you are
C. when you arrived     D. that you have been
②It was for the first time that he           to the party.
A. Invited                       B. had been invited
C. has been invited       D. was invited
(2)翻译句子（原创）
This will be the second time that I have been to the Great Wall.
（1）①解析：选D。“It is the +序数词+time+ that从句”为固定句型，从句谓语动词必须用现在完成时。
②解析：选D。it was ...that是强调结构，句中强调状语“for the first time”故选D。
（2）这将会是我第二次去长城。