Amount, Deal, Quantity, Number等词的用法辨析

 

 

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_53ca7b1b0100tiyh.html有关quantity的主谓一致

 

 一、amount的用法详解

1. amount用作名词

其意为“数量”、“金额”等，通常用于 a (great, large) amount of 这类结构，其后通常接不可数名词。如：

He made a large amount of money. 他赚了大量的钱。

They have to process a large amount of data. 他们得处理大量数据。

I had not expected such an amount of praise. 我没料到受到这么多赞扬。

A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。

I had not expected such an amount of praise. 我没料想受到这样多的赞扬。

He must memorize large amounts of material. 他必须背熟大量材料。

注意：这类结构用作主语，其谓语的数取决于 amount 的数。如：

在这座桥上花了大量资金。

正: A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.

正: Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.

比较：在 a great number of 之后通常接可数名词(用复数)。如：

 

2. amount用作动词

用作动词时意为“合计”、“等于”、“意味着”，通常是不及物动词，其后常接介词 to。如：

Building cost amounts to six million dollars. 建筑费用达600 万元。

Her reply amounts to a refusal. 她的回答等于拒绝。

注意：由于其后接的to为介词，所以后接动词时，该动词要用动名词。如：

这等于是欺骗老师。(from www.yywords.com)

误：This amounts to cheat the teacher.

正：This amounts to cheating the teacher.

析：amount 用作动词，表示“等于”，是不及物动词，其后接的to 为介词。

二、a great/good many 非常多，许多(形容词)

The young couple has travelled a great many cities since they got married.
A great many college students were sent to the West to help the children there.
Helen has a great many friends indeed, but she does not think she has any she can confide in.
The city was even equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
He has extracted a great many examples from the grammar book.
比较：
1. many a... 许多(后接单数动词)
Many a teacher has come to the exhibition.
Many a woman has great influence on her husband.
He beguiled us with many a tale of adventure.
2. a lot, lots of, a number of 与 a great many / a good many 意义相同。

三、a great deal 大量地，非常多的
1、作副词
The old woman's life is a great deal better now.
2、作代词
1. We have learnt a great deal from our professor.
2. I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months.
3. We waited for their decision with a great deal of apprehension.
2、作名词(不可数)
1. People spend a great deal of money on National Day.
2. He drinks a great deal of water every day.
3. He offered me a great deal of money.
4. Keeping the house really meant a good deal to me.
3、比较：a lot of, lots of 也表示“非常多”，但它既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词。
There is a lot of rain here in summer.
There are lots of tourists in Beijing every year.
A glossy magazine has lots of pictures of fashionable clothes and is printed on good quality paper.
He is a bold thinker, with lots of original ideas.
4、比较 ：a big deal 重要人物
[a subject, situation, or event which people think is important. ]
1)I don't know why this issue has become such a big deal.
2)Losing the match was no big deal.
3)All I said was, I'm going to have a baby - what's the big deal?
4)Yes, it's his birthday today, but he doesn't want to make a big deal of it. (= make people notice it by having a special celebration)

四、a handful of 一把，少量(作为量词)
1. She scooped up a handful of snow and rolled it into a ball.
2. Only a handful people agree with him, it is a foolis risk.
3. We invited twenty people, but only a handful of them came.
4.I picked up a handful of letters and began to open them.
比较：
同义词组有：a small amount of , a small number of
A cap or tube containing a small amount of explosive used to detonate the main explosive charge of a firearm or mine.
At this school, only ten people passed the music examination this year. That may seem a small number but it's(about) par for the course.
四、a kind of 　有点儿，几分，一种
An apple is a kind of fruit.
Money is a kind of allurement for us.
I have a kind of feeling this might happen. (隐约觉得）
I have a kind of suspicion that she told a lie. (有点儿）
比较：
1. all kinds of / all sorts of 各种各样的
Donations came from all kinds of people.
All kinds of remarkable thigns began to happen.
2. of a kind 同类的，（质量）低劣的
There is good news of a kind for Mr. Zhang.
She finds solace of a kind in alcohol.

六、小结

1.只加可数的复数
many
a great/good many
a (large/good) number of
复数谓语
2.+不可数名词
much
a great deal of
an amount of=amounts of
单数谓语
3.+不可数名词/可数的复数
a lot of /lots of
plenty of (前不加a)
谓语由所修饰名词定
5.many a +单数可数名词,单数谓语
4.a large quantity of加不可数名词/可数的复数 ,单数谓语
quantities of 加不可数名词/可数的复数 ,复数谓语
六、Large quantities of 的用法

    主谓一致我们已经详细复习过，它是高考英语考试的重要考点之一，其中不乏难题，尤其是带有限定词的名词短语作主语时，最难选择谓语的单复数形式。例如，“a quantity of +名词”作主语时，谓语是用单数还是用复数就让广大考生困惑不已，到底是用单数还是用复数

呢？且看下文：

1、A (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。

Large quantities of money have been sent there.

A large quantity of books has been offered to us.

A large quantity of people is needed here.

2、(large) quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。

例如：Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.

3、多数语法，专家们的观点并非如此,他们认为：

a quantity of 只能修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。A quantity of 间或也可以修饰可数名词，例如，A quantity of baskets were on sale.

a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的（可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词），

例如，I need a large quantity of oil (apples).

quantities of大批的，大量的，

例如，Large quantities of polluted water are flowing into the sea.

（a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of + 名词）的词组后面的名词是中心词，谓语动词根据后面的名词的数而定”。

4、 a quantity of, quantities of可跟可数名词与不可数名词,并举有三例：

There is a large quantity of milk.

Great quantities of fish are caught on the high sea.

Large quantities of water are needed for cooling purposes.

5、  章振邦在《新编英语语法》（上海译文出版社）212页中讲到，a quantity of既可用于复数可数名词，也可用于不可数名词。“a quantity of + 不可数名词”，谓语只用单，

“quantities of + 可数与不可数名词”，谓语要用复数。

例如,

A large quantity of flowers were heaped on the martyr’s martyr [5mB:tE] n.烈士, 殉教者tomb.

A large quantity of beer was consumed.

Quantities of food were on the table.

七、 quantity 用法结论：

1．a quantity of后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词。在它们分别和其后的名词构成短语作主语时，其谓语动词通常看of后名词的具体情况而采用单数或复数形式。如果是接不可数名词，则谓语用单数形式，如果是接复数可数名词，则谓语通常要采用复数形式

2．quantities of后既可接复数可数名词，亦可接不可数名词,后面的谓语都用复数形式。

  1）Besides, a large quantity of mail bags were found.

 2）and a small quantity of dangerous drugs were seized.

 3）A quantity of fake certificates and official stamps were also seized.

进行对照比较，弄清它们的区别，加深对语言现象的印象。
7、以"a great deal of"的用法为例：

比较"lots of", "a lot of", "plenty of", "a large quantity of", "a large number of" 和"a large amount of"的用法，

比较下列句子：

①  We have still plenty of eggs left.
We have still plenty of water left.

②  The rich lady has large quantities of clothes.
We have large quantities of rain this summer.

③  She has spent a great deal of (a large amount of) money on her clothes.

④  A large number of settlers from France reached Canada in 1534.

⑤  There's lots of rain here in spring.
At noon lots of students go to the reading-room to read.
     通过比较这些句子，学生会明白 “lots of”，“ a lot of”，“plenty of” 和 “ a large quantity of" 可以用在可数名词和不可数名词前，

⑥      “a great deal of ”和 “a large amount of ” 只可用在不可数名词前， “a large number of ”只可用在可数名词前。