DETROIT — General Motors, which must submit a satisfactory restructuring plan to the government next week to keep billions of dollars in loans, said Tuesday that it would lay off 10,000 salaried workers worldwide this year and reduce pay for those who remain by as much as 10 percent.

The announcement comes a week after G.M. extended more buyout and early retirement offers to its hourly work force and three months after it shed 5,100 salaried jobs, also through buyouts.

This time, however, the cuts are being made through layoffs rather than voluntary programs because the government loan terms prevent G.M. from using money from its overfunded pension fund to pay for buyout packages, as it has previously.

“There may be some opportunities for people to volunteer, but they’re essentially involuntary,” a G.M. spokesman, Tom Wilkinson, said.

G.M., whose sales fell 11 percent globally in 2008, said it plans to cut 3,400 of its 29,500 salaried jobs in the United States, mostly by May 1. Workers who lose their jobs will receive severance payments, benefit contributions and help finding new work. Most would get less money than they would have by leaving the company during last year’s buyouts.

Because G.M. is using taxpayer money to avoid having to file for bankruptcy protection, it must bring payments to departing workers more in line with what is typical of companies in other industries.

Starting May 1, most salaried workers in the United States will receive what G.M. characterized as a temporary pay cut. The reductions range from 10 percent for executives to 3 percent to 7 percent for other employees. G.M. plans to review the pay cuts at the end of this year.

The company said it might also reduce pay for workers in other countries.

G.M.’s chief executive, Rick Wagoner, has already agreed to work for $1 a year until the company can repay its loans to the government. It has borrowed $9.4 billion so far and is scheduled to receive a third installment of $4 billion as soon as next week.

The latest cuts amount to 14 percent of the 73,000 salaried workers it employs worldwide.

As part of its restructuring, G.M. has said it needs to eliminate about 31,500 hourly and salaried employees.

Its crosstown rival, Chrysler, which has borrowed $4 billion from the government, also is cutting thousands of jobs.

Each of the three Detroit automakers, including the Ford Motor Company, which is not taking federal aid, have eliminated tens of thousands of jobs since 2006.